scholarly journals Assessing sleep quality in older adults: A comparison of three measurement approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 882-882
Author(s):  
Amy Berkley ◽  
Patricia Carter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Sleep Assessment

Abstract Discrepancies between subjective and objective sleep measures have been reported for some time; however, it is critical to consider the implications of inaccurate or incomplete sleep assessment for frail older adults who are struggling to maintain independence. To compare sleep assessment methods, we collected objective sleep measurements (via wrist actigraphy), subjective measures via self-report sleep surveys (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; Insomnia Severity Index, Sleep Hygiene Index), and qualitative data through semi-structured audio-recorded interviews, from 8 older adults who self-reported sleep problems while living in a retirement community in southwestern US. Participants’ objective sleep (Total Sleep Time, Sleep Onset Latency, Wake After Sleep Onset, and Sleep Efficiency) and qualitative narratives were congruent, but self-report measures failed to capture several unique sleep problems identified in the sample. Disordered sleep in older adults has been linked to increased incidence of falls, depression and anxiety, cognitive impairment, institutionalization, and mortality, but traditional sleep assessment instruments, designed for the general adult population, fail to capture many of the experiences and causes that are unique to older adults. functioning. A sleep assessment tool designed to measure older people’s sleep experiences could provide more accurate and sensitive data.

scholarly journals Sleep and Olfaction among Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Eloesa McSorley ◽  
Jayant Pinto ◽  
L. Philip Schumm ◽  
Kristen Wroblewski ◽  
David Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Odor Identification ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Odor Sensitivity

Background: Sleep and olfaction are both critical physiological processes that tend to worsen with age. Decline in olfaction can be an early indicator of neurodegenerative diseases, whereas poor sleep quality is associated with reduced physical and mental health. Given associations with aging-related health declines, we explored whether variations in sleep were associated with olfactory function among older adults. Methods: We assessed the relationship between sleep characteristics and olfaction among 354 community-dwelling older adults. Olfaction was measured using a validated field and survey research tool. Sleep characteristics were measured using wrist actigraphy and with self-report of sleep problems. We fit structural equation models of latent constructs of olfaction based on olfactory task items and let this be a function of each sleep characteristic. Results: Actigraph sleep quality measures were associated with odor identification, but not with odor sensitivity. Longer duration sleepers had worse odor sensitivity compared to medium (58 h) sleepers, but sleep duration was not associated with odor identification. Reported sleep problems and reported usual duration were not associated with olfaction. Conclusions: Diminished sleep quality was associated with reduced capacity to identify odors. Determining whether this is a causal association will require further study and longitudinal data.

scholarly journals Extent of sleep problems and relationship with severity of chronic pain using three validated sleep assessment tools

2021 ◽  
pp. 204946372110546
Author(s):  
Rachel Vaughan ◽  
Helen F Galley ◽  
Saravana Kanakarajan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Pain Clinics ◽  
Sleep Assessment ◽  
Sleep Interference

Objective Chronic pain can impact on sleep, but the extent and nature of sleep problems in patients with chronic pain are incompletely clear. Several validated tools are available for sleep assessment but they each capture different aspects. We aimed to describe the extent of sleep issues in patients with chronic non-malignant pain using three different validated sleep assessment tools and to determine the relationship of sleep issues with pain severity recorded using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), a commonly used self-assessment tool in pain clinics. The BPI has a single question on the interference of pain on sleep and we also compared this with the validated sleep tools. Design Prospective, cross-sectional study. Setting Pain management clinic at a large teaching hospital in the United Kingdom. Subjects Adult patients (with chronic non-malignant pain of at least 3 months’ duration) attending clinic during a 2-month period. Methods Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Pain and Sleep Questionnaire-3 (PSQ-3) and the Verran Snyder-Halpern (VSH) sleep scale, plus the BPI. Duration and type of pain, current medications and demographic data were recorded. Results We recruited 51 patients and 82% had poor sleep quality as shown by PSQIscores above five. PSQI ( p = 0.0002), PSQ-3 ( p = 0.0032), VSH sleep efficiency ( p = 0.012), sleep disturbance ( p = 0.0014) and waking after sleep onset ( p = 0.0005) scores were associated with worse BPI pain scores. BPI sleep interference scores concurred broadly with the validated sleep tools. Median [range] sleep duration was 5.5 [3.0–10.0] hours and was also related to pain score ( p = 0.0032). Conclusion Chronic pain has a marked impact on sleep regardless of the assessment tool used. The sleep interference question in the BPI could be used routinely for initial identification of sleep problems in patients with chronic pain.

Effects of Music Videos on Sleep Quality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Chronic Insomnia

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Ling Lai ◽  
En-Ting Chang ◽  
Yin-Ming Li ◽  
Chiung-Yu Huang ◽  
Li-Hua Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Music Videos ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Chronic Insomnia ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Middle Aged

Listening to soothing music has been used as a complementary therapy to improve sleep quality. However, there is no empirical evidence for the effects of music videos (MVs) on sleep quality in adults with insomnia as assessed by polysomnography (PSG). In this randomized crossover controlled trial, we compared the effects of a peaceful Buddhist MV intervention to a usual-care control condition before bedtime on subjective and objective sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults with chronic insomnia. The study was conducted in a hospital’s sleep laboratory. We randomly assigned 38 subjects, aged 50–75 years, to an MV/usual-care sequence or a usual-care/MV sequence. After pretest data collection, testing was held on two consecutive nights, with subjects participating in one condition each night according to their assigned sequence. Each intervention lasted 30 min. Sleep was assessed using PSG and self-report questionnaires. After controlling for baseline data, sleep-onset latency was significantly shorter by approximately 2 min in the MV condition than in the usual-care condition ( p = .002). The MV intervention had no significant effects relative to the usual care on any other sleep parameters assessed by PSG or self-reported sleep quality. These results suggest that an MV intervention may be effective in promoting sleep. However, the effectiveness of a Buddhist MV on sleep needs further study to develop a culturally specific insomnia intervention. Our findings also suggest that an MV intervention can serve as another option for health care providers to improve sleep onset in people with insomnia.

scholarly journals Associations of loneliness and social isolation with actigraph and self-reported sleep quality in a national sample of older adults

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jade A Benson ◽  
V Eloesa McSorley ◽  
Louise C Hawkley ◽  
Diane S Lauderdale
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy

Abstract Study Objectives To examine associations of social isolation and loneliness with sleep in older adults and whether associations differ for survey and actigraph sleep measures. Methods This study used data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), a nationally representative study of community-dwelling older adults born 1920–1947. A random one-third of participants in 2010–2011 were invited to participate in a sleep study (N = 759) that included survey questions, 72 hours of wrist actigraphy, and a sleep log. Perceived loneliness was measured using three questions from the UCLA Loneliness Scale. An index of social isolation was constructed from nine items that queried social network characteristics and social interactions. We used ordinary least squares and ordinal logistic regression to examine whether sleep measures were associated with loneliness and social isolation adjusted for potential sociodemographic confounders. Results Social isolation and loneliness had a low correlation (Spearman’s correlation = 0.20). Both loneliness and social isolation were associated with actigraphy measures of more disrupted sleep: wake after sleep onset and percent sleep. Neither was associated with actigraph total sleep time. Increased loneliness was strongly associated with more insomnia symptoms and with shorter sleep duration assessed by a single question, but social isolation was not. More isolated individuals spent a longer time in bed. Conclusions We found that both loneliness and social isolation were associated with worse actigraph sleep quality, but their associations with self-reported sleep differed. Only loneliness was associated with worse and shorter self-reported sleep.

scholarly journals 706 Sleep and Mental Health in College Students Before and During the Initial COVID-19 Shutdown

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A275-A276
Author(s):  
Michele Okun ◽  
Allison Walden ◽  
Leilani Feliciano
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unparalleled impact on college students. Following the initial and abrupt shutdown of campuses in March 2020, several investigators assessed the immediate effects on University students. Early reports found that college students reported a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression, sedentary behavior, and sleep problems. Most were conducted outside the U.S. Data from U.S. college students are critical to identify which areas are should receive resources and interventions as the U.S. continues to experience exponential COVID cases along with continued remote learning, social restrictions and/or lockdowns. Methods Students enrolled in the Spring 2020 semester (18 years of age +) were invited to participate in an online survey (April – May 2020). A final sample of 491 completed the entire survey (length ~45 minutes) which asked about sleep quality, psychological stress, depression, and exercise.Paired t-tests were conducted to compare pre-COVID and during COVID data. Results There were significant differences in sleep onset latency (26.44 ± 23.53 min vs 32.06 ± 26.88 min; t = -3.81, P < .001), sleep duration (7.30 ± 1.45 hours vs 7.63 ± 2.07 hours; t = -2.23, p = 0.027) and overall sleep quality (6.29 ± 3.29 vs 7.44 ± 3.86; t = -7.26, p < .001), as well as depression scores (IDS no sleep questions) (5.61 ± 4.18 vs 17.59 ± 5.45; t = -54.9, P < .001). There was no difference in perceived stress (28.03 ±5.27 vs 28.39 ±5.53, t = -1.49, p = .138). Exercise (vigorous, moderate and walking) all decreased with regards to days and time spent, (all P’s < .001), whereas minutes sitting significantly increased (426.50 ± 239.88 vs 542.26 ± 249.63, p < .001). Conclusion These data empirically support the claim that the pandemic is having a significant negative impact on physical and mental health among college students. In the best of times, college students have irregular sleep patterns and significant depression, but these behaviors are worsened under government restrictions. These findings underscore the need to prioritize prevention and intervention of modifiable behaviors, especially if the pandemic extends into 2021. Support (if any):

B-24 Objective and Subjective Sleep Measures are Associated with Neurocognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With and Without HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 970-970
Author(s):  
L Campbell ◽  
M Kohli ◽  
A Heaton ◽  
M Higgins ◽  
E Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Fragmentation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy

Abstract Objective Poorer sleep quality is related to worse cognitive functioning in the general population and people living with HIV; however, many studies use self-report sleep questionnaires that rely on retrospective recall. This study aimed to examine the relationship between objective (wrist actigraphy) and subjective sleep quality with neurocognitive functioning. Method Eighty-five adults aged 50-74 years with and without HIV (HIV+ n = 53, HIV- n = 32) were recruited from the community and ongoing studies at UC San Diego. Participants completed comprehensive neuropsychological testing assessing global and domain-specific cognition. Participants wore actigraphy watches for 14 nights after neuropsychological testing to objectively assess sleep quality (i.e., total sleep time (TST), efficiency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep fragmentation). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index assessed subjective sleep quality. Results After adjusting for demographic variables and use of sleep medications, there were no differences in any sleep quality measures by HIV status (p’s>0.05). In separate adjusted linear regression models, lower sleep efficiency (p = 0.02; 95% CI: -9.5, -1.1) and greater sleep fragmentation (p = 0.02; 95% CI: -0.82, -0.09) were associated with worse learning. Less TST was associated with worse working memory (p = 0.02; 95% CI: -9.2, -0.8). In contrast, worse subjective sleep quality was associated with worse executive function (p < 0.01; 95% CI: -1.18, -0.23) and working memory (p = 0.03; 95% CI: -1.22, -0.07). Conclusion Both objective and subjective sleep quality were associated with cognition in both persons with and without HIV; however, subjective and objective sleep quality were associated with different cognitive domains. Therefore, both objective and subjective sleep quality are important health behaviors to assess.

scholarly journals Palmitoylethanolamide for sleep disturbance. A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled interventional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Rao ◽  
Phillippa Ebelt ◽  
Alistair Mallard ◽  
David Briskey
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Acid Amide ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Endogenous Fatty Acid ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Sleep is essential for wellbeing, yet sleep disturbance is a common problem linked to a wide range of health conditions. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide proposed to promote better sleep via potential interaction with the endocannabinoid system. Methods This double-blind, randomised study on 103 adults compared the efficacy and tolerability of 8 weeks of daily supplemented PEA formulation (350 mg Levagen + ®) to a placebo. Sleep quality and quantity were measured using wrist actigraphy, a sleep diary and questionnaires. Results At week 8, PEA supplementation reduced sleep onset latency, time to feel completely awake and improved cognition on waking. After 8 weeks, both groups improved their sleep quality and quantity scores similarly. There was no difference between groups at baseline or week 8 for sleep quantity or quality as measured from actigraphy or sleep diaries. Conclusion These findings support PEA as a potential sleeping aid capable of reducing sleep onset time and improving cognition on waking. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618001339246. Registered 9th August 2018.

scholarly journals Palmitoylethanolamide for Sleep Disturbance. A Double-blind, Randomised, Placebo-controlled Interventional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Rao ◽  
Phillippa Ebelt ◽  
Alistair Mallard ◽  
David Briskey
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Acid Amide ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Endogenous Fatty Acid ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background: Sleep is essential for wellbeing, yet sleep disturbance is a common problem linked to a wide range of health conditions. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide proposed to promote better sleep via potential interaction with the endocannabinoid system.Methods: This double-blind, randomized study on 103 adults compared the efficacy and tolerability of 8 weeks of daily supplemented PEA formulation (350 mg Levagen+TM) to a placebo. Sleep quality and quantity were measured using wrist actigraphy, a sleep diary and questionnaires. Results: At week 8, PEA supplementation reduced sleep onset latency, time to feel completely awake and improved cognition on waking. After 8 weeks, both groups improved their sleep quality and quantity scores similarly. There was no difference between groups at baseline or week 8 for sleep quantity or quality as measured from actigraphy or sleep diaries. Conclusion: These findings support PEA as a potential sleeping aid capable of reducing sleep onset time and improving cognition on waking. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618001339246. Registered 9th August 2018, http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=375493&isReview=true

Sleep and Salivary Testosterone and Cortisol During a Short Preseason Camp: A Study in Professional Rugby Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 796-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin G. Serpell ◽  
Barry G. Horgan ◽  
Carmen M.E. Colomer ◽  
Byron Field ◽  
Shona L. Halson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Hormone Concentration ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
Training Camp ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Rugby Players

Purpose: To examine changes in, and relationships between, sleep quality and quantity, salivary testosterone, salivary cortisol, testosterone-to-cortisol ratio (T:C), and self-reported muscle soreness during a residential-based training camp in elite rugby players. Methods: Nineteen male rugby players age 26.4 (3.9) years, height 186.0 (9.4) cm, and weight 104.1 (13.4) kg (mean [SD]) participated in this study. Wrist actigraphy devices were worn for 8 nights around a 4-d training camp (2 nights prior, during, and 2 nights after). Sleep-onset latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and waking time were measured. Participants provided saliva samples during camp on waking and again 45 min later, which were then assayed for testosterone and cortisol levels. They also rated their general muscle soreness daily. Results: Little variation was observed for sleep quality and quantity or testosterone. However, significant differences were observed between and within days for cortisol, T:C, and muscle soreness (P < .001). Few relationships were observed for sleep and hormones; the strongest, an inverse relationship for sleep efficiency and T:C (r = −.372, P < .01). Conclusions: There may be no clear and useful relationship between sleep and hormone concentration in a short-term training camp context, and measures of sleep and testosterone and cortisol should be interpreted with caution because of individual variation. Alterations in hormone concentration, particularly cortisol, may be affected by other factors including anticipation of the day ahead. This study adds to our knowledge that changes in hormone concentration are individual and context specific.

scholarly journals 0264 Childhood Adversity And Adult Sleep: The Role Of Deprivation And Threat

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A108-A108
Author(s):  
Matthew R Cribbet ◽  
Paula G Williams ◽  
Ruben Tinajero ◽  
Holly K Rau
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
Restorative Sleep

Abstract Introduction There are robust associations between childhood adversity (CA) and poor physical health in adulthood. Sleep is a possible mechanism linking CA to adult health. The prevailing approach for testing associations between CA and adult sleep offers little insight into which aspects of CA are related to specific sleep outcomes. To better understand associations between CA and adult sleep outcomes, we tested a conceptual model that distinguishes between threat (e.g. physical, emotional and sexual abuse), and deprivation (e.g. emotional and physical neglect). Methods Participants (N= 79; Mage = 27.48(SD=6.53); 68% Female) were screened for insomnia disorder, mental health conditions and physical illnesses. Participants completed demographic and depressive symptom measures, along with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, a self-report retrospective measure that captures dimensions of threat and deprivation. Sleep duration, latency, efficiency, wake after sleep onset (WASO), and secondary sleep onset latency (SSOL) were averaged across 3 consecutive days of wrist actigraphy and sleep diaries. Daily ratings of sleep-quality, non-restorative sleep, alcohol use and current stress were averaged across 3 days. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to account for missing data. All SEM models included correlated measures of deprivation and threat along with age, sex, BMI, alcohol use, daily stress, and depressive symptoms. Results In SEM models, threat was significantly positively associated with non-restorative sleep (b = .046, p &lt;.001) and sleep quality (b=.025, p=.008), but unrelated to all other diary-based and actigraphy-based sleep measures (ps &gt; .05). Deprivation was significantly negatively associated with diary-based WASO (b = -.076, p = .003) and SSOL, but unrelated to all other diary-based and actigraphy-based sleep measures (ps &gt; .05). Conclusion These results begin to clarify associations between related, but distinct forms of CA and specific adult sleep outcomes. Identifying specific pathways linking CA and adult health is critical for developing interventions and mitigating future health risk. Support (If Any) This study was funded by a Funding Incentive Seed Grant from the University of Utah, the Mind and Life Institute, and Division 38 of the American Psychological Association.

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