scholarly journals Extent of sleep problems and relationship with severity of chronic pain using three validated sleep assessment tools

2021 ◽  
pp. 204946372110546
Author(s):  
Rachel Vaughan ◽  
Helen F Galley ◽  
Saravana Kanakarajan
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Pain Clinics ◽  
Sleep Assessment ◽  
Sleep Interference

Objective Chronic pain can impact on sleep, but the extent and nature of sleep problems in patients with chronic pain are incompletely clear. Several validated tools are available for sleep assessment but they each capture different aspects. We aimed to describe the extent of sleep issues in patients with chronic non-malignant pain using three different validated sleep assessment tools and to determine the relationship of sleep issues with pain severity recorded using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), a commonly used self-assessment tool in pain clinics. The BPI has a single question on the interference of pain on sleep and we also compared this with the validated sleep tools. Design Prospective, cross-sectional study. Setting Pain management clinic at a large teaching hospital in the United Kingdom. Subjects Adult patients (with chronic non-malignant pain of at least 3 months’ duration) attending clinic during a 2-month period. Methods Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Pain and Sleep Questionnaire-3 (PSQ-3) and the Verran Snyder-Halpern (VSH) sleep scale, plus the BPI. Duration and type of pain, current medications and demographic data were recorded. Results We recruited 51 patients and 82% had poor sleep quality as shown by PSQIscores above five. PSQI ( p = 0.0002), PSQ-3 ( p = 0.0032), VSH sleep efficiency ( p = 0.012), sleep disturbance ( p = 0.0014) and waking after sleep onset ( p = 0.0005) scores were associated with worse BPI pain scores. BPI sleep interference scores concurred broadly with the validated sleep tools. Median [range] sleep duration was 5.5 [3.0–10.0] hours and was also related to pain score ( p = 0.0032). Conclusion Chronic pain has a marked impact on sleep regardless of the assessment tool used. The sleep interference question in the BPI could be used routinely for initial identification of sleep problems in patients with chronic pain.

scholarly journals Assessing sleep quality in older adults: A comparison of three measurement approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 882-882
Author(s):  
Amy Berkley ◽  
Patricia Carter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Sleep Assessment

Abstract Discrepancies between subjective and objective sleep measures have been reported for some time; however, it is critical to consider the implications of inaccurate or incomplete sleep assessment for frail older adults who are struggling to maintain independence. To compare sleep assessment methods, we collected objective sleep measurements (via wrist actigraphy), subjective measures via self-report sleep surveys (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; Insomnia Severity Index, Sleep Hygiene Index), and qualitative data through semi-structured audio-recorded interviews, from 8 older adults who self-reported sleep problems while living in a retirement community in southwestern US. Participants’ objective sleep (Total Sleep Time, Sleep Onset Latency, Wake After Sleep Onset, and Sleep Efficiency) and qualitative narratives were congruent, but self-report measures failed to capture several unique sleep problems identified in the sample. Disordered sleep in older adults has been linked to increased incidence of falls, depression and anxiety, cognitive impairment, institutionalization, and mortality, but traditional sleep assessment instruments, designed for the general adult population, fail to capture many of the experiences and causes that are unique to older adults. functioning. A sleep assessment tool designed to measure older people’s sleep experiences could provide more accurate and sensitive data.

scholarly journals Sleep Patterns of Resident Physicians and the Effect of Heartfulness Meditation

2021 ◽  
pp. 097275312110390
Author(s):  
Jayaram Thimmapuram ◽  
Robert Pargament ◽  
Sonya Del Tredici ◽  
Theodore Bell ◽  
Deborah Yommer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Improve Sleep Quality

Background: Medical residents are vulnerable to poor sleep quality due to intense work shifts and academic load. Studies objectively quantified with sleep quantity and quality among resident physicians are limited. Meditation techniques have been shown to improve sleep but are rarely studied in this population. The aim of the present study is to evaluate sleep patterns of internal medicine residents and the effect of a structured Heartfulness meditation program to improve sleep quality. Methods: A total of 36 residents participated in a pre–post cohort study from January 2019 through April 2019. Sleep was monitored during a one-week outpatient rotation with two validated assessment tools, namely consensus sleep diary and actigraphy. After four intervening weeks, when the residents returned to the same rotation, Heartfulness meditation was practiced and the same parameters were measured. At the end of the study period, an anonymous qualitative feedback survey was collected to assess the feasibility of the intervention. Results: All 36 residents participated in the study (mean age 31.09 years, SD 4.87); 34 residents (94.4%) had complete pre–post data. Consensus sleep diary data showed decreased sleep onset time from 21.03 to 14.84 min ( P = .01); sleep quality and restfulness scores increased from 3.32 to 3.89 and 3.08 to 3.54, respectively ( P < .001 for both). Actigraphy showed a change in sleep onset time from 20.9 min to 14.5 min ( P = .003). Sleep efficiency improved from 83.5% to 85.6% ( P = .019). Wakefulness after initial sleep onset changed from 38.8 to 39.9 min ( P = .682). Sleep fragmentation index and the number of awakenings decreased from 6.16 to 5.46 ( P = .004) and 41.71 to 36.37 ( P = .013), respectively. Conclusions: Residents obtained nearly 7 h of sleep during outpatient rotation. Findings suggest a structured Heartfulness meditation practice to be a feasible program to improve subjective sleep onset time and several objective measures among resident physicians.

Does Cigarette Smoking Increase Sleep Problems?

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances J. Lexcen ◽  
Robert A. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Daily Diaries ◽  
Delayed Sleep ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

Cigarette smoking has been associated with delayed sleep onset and diminished sleep duration, primarily on the bases of responses to one-shot questionnaires. This study used a survey format of daily diaries to observe sleep quality. 29 smokers were matched for age, ethnicity, and gender with 29 nonsmokers. Both groups recorded information on cigarette, alcohol, caffeine consumption, daily stress, and sleep quality. While the results showed that smokers were more likely to experience poor sleep than nonsmokers, these data are difficult to interpret because smokers also used significantly greater amounts of alcohol and caffeine.

scholarly journals Development of a Sleep Assessment Module in the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour (ASA24) Dietary Assessment Tool: New Research Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 474-474
Author(s):  
Marissa Shams-White ◽  
Lauren O'Connor ◽  
Sydney O'Connor ◽  
Amy Miller ◽  
Beth Mittl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Sleep Assessment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives To develop a sleep assessment module in ASA24 to capture self-reported sleep behavior as an optional enhancement to the ASA24 Dietary Assessment Tool for adults. Methods Multiple self-reported sleep assessment tools were considered in module development, including the National Sleep Foundation Sleep Diary, the Activities Completed over Time in 24-hours (ACT24), Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ), and the Consensus Sleep Diary (CSD) Core. Priority was given to minimal need for adaptation, questionnaire length to reduce survey fatigue, incorporating plain language, and optimizing for implementation in 24 hour recalls (24HR) and food records. Researchers with expertise in meal timing and sleep were consulted for feedback on content and utility and programmers with expertise in survey design were consulted on implementation. Lastly, the online data collection process and ASA24 System's output data files were tested for accuracy. Results The ASA24 sleep module contains ten questions and can be administered immediately following dietary assessment. Eight CSD Core questions were adapted to assess time in bed, time trying to go to sleep, and length of time to fall asleep; number and duration of nocturnal awakenings; wake time and time out of bed for the day; and perceived sleep quality. Two questions were added to capture sleep quality and comparability of reported sleep to a usual night's sleep. For users completing a 24HR, the module includes two questions on time of awakening and sleep quality immediately preceding the first reported meal; all 10 sleep questions are asked for the sleep period immediately following the last meal (i.e., 12 questions total), allowing for assessment of the impact of diet on sleep. In contrast, a food record is completed on the same day users consume the food, and thus all sleep questions address the sleep window prior to the first meal; a single record can be used to assess the impact of sleep on diet. Consecutive days of records can also be collected to capture sleep pre- and post-eating windows. Conclusions The ASA24 sleep module can assess sleep timing and quality and will be available in Fall 2021. Researchers can soon leverage this novel resource to examine the association of sleep with timing of eating and other chrononutrition variables. Funding Sources This project has been funded by the NIH.

scholarly journals Good Sleep Quality Improves the Relationship Between Pain and Depression Among Individuals With Chronic Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Zambelli ◽  
Elizabeth J. Halstead ◽  
Antonio R. Fidalgo ◽  
Dagmara Dimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Good Sleep

Individuals with chronic pain often experience co-existing sleep problems and depression-related states. Chronic pain, sleep problems, and depression interrelate, and have been shown to exacerbate one another, which negatively impacts quality of life. This study explored the relationships between pain severity, pain interference, sleep quality, and depression among individuals with chronic pain. Secondly, we tested whether sleep quality may moderate the relationship between pain and depression. A cross-sectional survey was completed by 1,059 adults with non-malignant chronic pain conditions (Mage 43 years, 88% identified as women) and collected measures related to pain severity, pain interference, sleep quality, and depression. Multiple regression analyses found that pain severity, pain interference, and sleep quality are all significantly associated with depression. Secondly, moderated regression analyses revealed that sleep quality moderates the relationship between pain interference and depression among individuals with chronic pain such that good sleep quality attenuates the effect of pain interference on depression, and poor sleep quality amplifies the effect of pain interference on depression. These findings suggest that sleep quality may be a relevant therapeutic target for individuals with chronic pain and co-existing depression.

scholarly journals Understanding factors relevant to poor sleep and coping methods in people with schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Ching Chang ◽  
Megan C. Chang ◽  
Yun-Jou Chang ◽  
Ming-De Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Coping Methods

Abstract Background Sleep disruption is pervasive in people with schizophrenia, but few studies have explored their sleep experiences. This study aims to identify factors relevant to sleep problems and explore coping methods used by community-dwelling people with schizophrenia. Methods Eighteen participants with schizophrenia were recruited from three mental health centers in Taiwan. They completed a semi-structured interview and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) assessment. The Person-Environment-Occupation model offered a framework to assess factors related to sleep. Thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data analysis. Results Factors related to sleep were classified under person, environment, and occupation domains. The person domain included three subthemes: psychiatric symptoms, unpleasant emotions, and frustration about sleep. The environment domain included three subthemes: sensory intrusions from the environment, quality of bedding, and roommates. The occupation domain included sleep interruption and sleep preparation. There were notable discrepancies in sleep quality between the participants’ narratives and their PSQI global scores. Regarding coping methods for poor sleep, sleep medication was the primary strategy while some participants also used other strategies, such as modifying the environment, adjusting routines, or engaging in activities that improve sleep quality. Conclusions Psychiatric symptoms and nightmares were identified as unique sleep disruptions in people with schizophrenia, and poor economic status was also found to impact their sleep. The sleep quality of people with schizophrenia tends to be poor, as identified by the PSQI, even though they may have positive perceptions of their sleep quality. Our participants appeared to prefer to take hypnotics to address their sleep problems, which may be due to limited knowledge about alternatives. Mental health professionals are encouraged to receive training in the application of non-pharmacological approaches to support their clients’ issues related to sleep.

scholarly journals Gambling Problems Are Associated with Alcohol Misuse and Insomnia: Results from a Representative National Telephone Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6683
Author(s):  
Hannah Briony Thorne ◽  
Matthew Justus Rockloff ◽  
Sally Anne Ferguson ◽  
Grace Elizabeth Vincent ◽  
Matthew Browne
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality

Gambling has significant costs to the community, with a health burden similar in scale to major depression. To reduce its impact, it is necessary to understand factors that may exacerbate harm from gambling. The gambling environment of late-night licensed venues and 24/7 online gambling has the potential to negatively impact sleep and increase alcohol consumption. This study explored gambling, alcohol, and sleep problems to understand whether there is a relationship between these three factors. Telephone interviews were conducted with a representative sample of Australian adults (n = 3760) combined across three waves of the National Social Survey. Participants completed screening measures for at-risk gambling, at-risk alcohol consumption, insomnia (2015 wave only), and sleep quality. There were small but significant positive correlations between problem gambling and alcohol misuse, problem gambling and insomnia, and problem gambling and poor sleep quality. A regression model showed that gambling problems and alcohol misuse were significant independent predictors of insomnia. A separate regression showed gambling problems (and not alcohol misuse) were a significant predictor of poor sleep quality, but only in one survey wave. Findings suggest that gambling, alcohol, and sleep problems are related within persons. Further research should examine the mechanisms through which this relationship exists.

Sleep disturbance in patients attending specialized chronic pain clinics in Denmark: a longitudinal study examining the relationship between sleep and pain outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Bjarke Vaegter ◽  
Mette Terp Høybye ◽  
Frederik Hjorth Bergen ◽  
Christine E. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Pain Disability ◽  
Pain Clinics ◽  
Pain Outcomes

Abstract Objectives Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent in patients with chronic pain. However, the majority of studies to date examining sleep disturbances in patients with chronic pain have been population-based cross-sectional studies. The aims of this study were to 1) examine the frequency of sleep disturbances in patients referred to two interdisciplinary chronic pain clinics in Denmark, 2) explore associations between sleep disturbances and pain intensity, disability and quality of life at baseline and follow-up, and 3) explore whether changes in sleep quality mediated the relationships between pain outcomes at baseline and pain outcomes at follow-up. Methods We carried out a longitudinal observational study, examining patients enrolled in two chronic pain clinics assessed at baseline (n=2,531) and post-treatment follow-up (n=657). Patients reported on their sleep disturbances using the sleep quality subscale of the Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire (KSQ), their pain intensity using 0–10 numerical rating scales, their pain-related disability using the Pain Disability Index (PDI), and quality of life using the EuroQol-VAS scale. The average time between baseline and follow-up was 207 days (SD=154). Results At baseline, the majority of patients reported frequent sleep disturbances. We found a significant association at baseline between self-reported sleep disturbances and pain intensity, pain-related disability, and quality of life, where greater sleep disturbance was associated with poorer outcomes. At follow-up, patients reported significant improvements across all pain and sleep outcomes. In two mediation models, we showed that changes in sleep disturbances from baseline to follow-up were significantly associated with (i) pain intensity at follow-up, and (ii) pain disability at follow-up. However, baseline pain intensity and disability scores were not associated with changes in sleep disturbances and, we did not find evidence for significant mediation of either pain outcome by changes in sleep disturbances. Conclusions Self-reported sleep disturbances were associated with pain outcomes at baseline and follow-up, with greater sleep disturbances associated with poorer pain outcomes. Changes in sleep quality did not mediate the relationships between baseline and follow-up scores for pain intensity and disability. These findings contribute to a growing body of evidence confirming an association between sleep and chronic pain experience, particularly suggestive of a sleep to pain link. Our data following patients after interdisciplinary treatment suggests that improved sleep is a marker for a better outcome after treatment.

scholarly journals Left superior temporal sulcus morphometry mediates the impact of anxiety and depressive symptoms on sleep quality in healthy adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlin Wang ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Shi Tang ◽  
Lu Lu ◽  
Xuan Bu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Superior Temporal Sulcus ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Anxiety and depressive symptoms may predispose individuals to sleep disturbance. Understanding how these emotional symptoms affect sleep quality, especially the underlying neural basis, could support the development of effective treatment. The aims of the present study were therefore to investigate potential changes in brain morphometry associated with poor sleep quality and whether this structure played a mediating role between the emotional symptoms and sleep quality. One hundred and forty-one healthy adults (69 women, mean age = 26.06 years, SD = 6.36 years) were recruited. A structural magnetic resonance imaging investigation was performed, and self-reported measures of anxiety, depressive symptoms and sleep quality were obtained for each participant. Whole-brain regression analysis revealed that worse sleep quality was associated with thinner cortex in left superior temporal sulcus (STS). Furthermore, the thickness of left STS mediated the association between the emotional symptoms and sleep quality. A subsequent commonality analysis showed that physiological component of the depressive symptoms had the greatest influence on sleep quality. In conclusion, thinner cortex in left STS may represent a neural substrate for the association between anxiety and depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality and may thus serve as a potential target for neuromodulatory treatment of sleep problems.

scholarly journals The effect of long-term poor sleep quality on risk of back-related disability and the modifying role of physical activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno ◽  
Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen ◽  
Paul Jarle Mork
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractSleep problems and regular leisure time physical activity (LTPA) are interrelated and have contrasting effects on risk of back pain. However, no studies have investigated the influence of long-term poor sleep quality on risk of back-related disability, or if LTPA modifies this association. The study comprised data on 8601 people who participated in three consecutive surveys over ~ 22 years, and who reported no chronic back pain at the two first surveys. Adjusted risk ratios (RRs) for back-related disability were calculated at the last survey, associated with the joint effect of changes in sleep quality between the two first surveys and meeting physical activity guidelines at the second survey. Compared to people with long-term good sleep, people with long-term poor sleep had nearly twice the risk of back-related disability (RR 1.92, 95% CI 1.48–2.49). There was no statistical interaction between sleep and LTPA but people who reported long-term poor sleep and meeting the physical activity guidelines had 35% lower risk of back-related disability compared to people with same level of sleep problems, but who not met the guidelines. These findings suggest that long-term poor sleep quality contributes to a substantially increased risk of chronic and disabling back pain irrespective of LTPA.

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