scholarly journals Age Differences in Personality Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 564-564
Author(s):  
David Condon ◽  
Emorie Beck ◽  
Joshua Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Most investigations in the structure of personality traits do not adequately address age, as few studies look at the structure of personality traits a-theoretically, instead presupposing a theoretical structure e.g., Big Five. As a result, the relationship among indicators within a trait (coherence) are often highlighted but relationships across traits (differentiation) are not thoroughly examined. Using a large-scale sample of 369,151 individuals ranging in age from 14 to 90, the present study examines whether personality indicators show differential relationships as a function of age. Results indicate that coherence shows few changes across the lifespan, while differentiation weakens across adulthood into old age. These finding suggest that Big Five indicators only parallel the Big Five structure among young but not older adults. Thus, using standard Big Five personality trait assessments in older adults may, at best, not reflect reality and, at worse, undermine the predictive utility of personality traits.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Big Five Personality Traits and Driving Styles in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 390-390
Author(s):  
Junyan Tian ◽  
Anabella Raika ◽  
Despina Stavrinos ◽  
Lesley Ross
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Driving Style ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Older adults’ psychosocial factors, including personality, are correlated with driving performance and driving cessation. However, the relationship between personality and driving styles has been examined only among young and middle-aged drivers. This study examined the relationships of personality factors and self-reported driving styles among 72 healthy older drivers aged 65-85 (M=72.29, SD=5.36) using the Multidimensional Driving Style Inventory (MDSI) scale to measure reckless and careless, anxious, angry and hostile, and patient and careful driving styles. Personality was accessed with the Big Five Personality questionnaire. Correlational results indicated that less conscientiousness was significantly correlated with increased reckless and careless and less patient and careful driving styles; and lower agreeableness was significantly correlated with greater angry and hostile and less patient and careful driving styles. Being a man was associated with greater reckless and careless and angry and hostile driving styles. Age was not associated with driving styles. Accordingly, three regressions were tested. After controlling for gender, only lower conscientiousness was associated with greater reckless and careless driving style (β=-.007, p=.03). Men had a higher risk of reckless and careless (β=.342, p<.01) and angry and hostile (β=.392, p<.01) driving styles. Our results highlight the relationship between personality traits and self-reported driving styles among older adults, and how gender may influence some of these relationships. Future research should further investigate the associations between gender and personality traits and older adults’ driving mobility and safety.

scholarly journals Interindividual Age Differences in Personality Structure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emorie D Beck ◽  
David M Condon ◽  
Joshua James Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related

Most investigations in the structure of personality traits do not adequately address age; instead they presuppose a constant structure across the lifespan. Further, few studies look at the structure of personality traits a-theoretically, often neglecting to examine the relationship among indicators within a trait (coherence) and across traits (differentiation). Using a network approach, the present study examines (1) age differences in differentiation and coherence, (2) the similarity between the Big Five and network structures, and (3) the consistency of network structure across age groups in a large, cross-sectional sample. Results indicate that coherence shows early gains in adolescence with few changes across the lifespan, while differentiation mostly weakens across adulthood. The result of these age-related changes is that Big Five indicators only parallel the Big Five structure among young but not older adults. The structure of young adults tends to be quite similar while the network structures of older adults appear to greatly differ from one another. These results suggest that older adults have a different structure of personality than younger adults and suggest that future research should not assume consistency in personality structure across the lifespan.

scholarly journals Personality Change Profiles and Changes in Cognition Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 898-898
Author(s):  
Mirjam Stieger ◽  
Yujun Liu ◽  
Eileen Graham ◽  
Jenna DeFrancisco ◽  
Margie Lachman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Previous research on the relationship between personality traits and cognitive abilities has primarily focused on cross-sectional studies or on specific personality traits in relation to selected cognitive dimensions. The present study extends existing research by exploring associations among 20-year personality change profiles and 10-year cognitive change in middle-aged and older adults. The present study included 2,652 participants of the Midlife in the United States study (MIDUS) ranging in age between 20 - 74 years (M = 46.61, SD = 11.26) at the first of the three measurement occasions. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to capture profiles of change across the Big Five personality traits of extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, and emotional stability combined. Results of the LPA identified three personality change subgroups: Decreasers, Maintainers, and Increasers. Across the 20 years, the Decreasers showed greater decreases on the Big Five personality traits, the Maintainers remained mostly stable, and the Increasers showed greater personality trait increases. Also, the Maintainers and Decreasers were significantly older than the Increasers. Longitudinal multilevel models were used to examine the relationship between these three personality change profiles and cognitive change. Age, sex, education, physical activity, functional health, and self-rated health were added as covariates. Results show that cognitive decline was greater for the Decreasers and less for the Increasers compared to the other personality change profiles. The results have implications for developing interventions to target personality trait change in middle and later adulthood as a potential means for reducing declines in cognitive functioning.

scholarly journals Socially prescribed perfectioism and personality

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
María Vicent ◽  
Cándido J. Inglés ◽  
Carolina Gonzálvez ◽  
Ricardo Sanmartín ◽  
José Manuel García-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP) and the Big Five personality traits in a sample of 804 Primary School students between 8 and 11 years old (M=9.57; SD=1.12). The SPP subscale of the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS) and the Big Five Questionnaire for Children (BFQ-N), which evaluate the traits of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, were used. The mean difference analysis showed that students with high levels of SPP scored significantly higher on Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Extraversion and Openness, with small effect sizes for all cases. In contrast, no significant differences were observed in Neuroticism. Logistic regression analysis revealed that all personality traits, except neuroticism, whose results didn’t reach the statistical significance, significantly and positively predicted higher scores on PSP, with OR levels ranging from 1.01 (for Conscientiousness and Agreeableness) to 1.03 (for Openness and Extraversion).

Personality and Ideology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Osborne ◽  
Nicole Satherley ◽  
Chris G. Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Vast Literature ◽  
Political Conservatism ◽  
The Relationship

Research since the 1990s reveals that openness to experience—a personality trait that captures interest in novelty, creativity, unconventionalism, and open-mindedness—correlates negatively with political conservatism. This chapter summarizes this vast literature by meta-analyzing 232 unique samples (N = 575,691) that examine the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and conservatism. The results reveal that the negative relationship between openness to experience and conservatism (r = −.145) is nearly twice as big as the next strongest correlation between personality and ideology (namely, conscientiousness and conservatism; r = .076). The associations between personality traits and conservatism were, however, substantively larger in Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) countries than in non-WEIRD countries. The chapter concludes by reviewing recent longitudinal work demonstrating that openness to experience and conservatism are non-causally related. Collectively, the chapter shows that openness to experience is by far the strongest (negative) correlate of conservatism but that there is little evidence that this association is causal.

scholarly journals Parenting Style as a Cognitive Factor in Developing Big-Five Personality Traits among Youth: A Study of Public University in Multan, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Asfa Ashraf ◽  
Kamran Ishfaq ◽  
Muhammad Umair Ashraf ◽  
Zahid Zulfiqar
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Proportional Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative and permissive) and Big-five personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, conscientiousness and openness) among the students of Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan. For this purpose, a total number of 281 students from different faculties (Natural and social sciences) were selected through systematic sampling technique and the respondents responded to parenting authority questionnaire (PAQ) by Buri (1991) and Big-five inventory (BFI) john and Srivastava (1999). Data were analyzed by using SPSS-21 version, and Pearson correlation (r=0.01) was applied to find out the relationship, direction and consistency between predictor and criterion variable. Results indicated a directly proportional relationship between parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative & permissive) and big five personality traits.

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