Effect of Baseline BMI and IL-6 on Gait Speed Response to Caloric Restriction in Older Adults

Abstract We examined whether the effect of caloric restriction (CR) on gait speed change in older adults (67.3±5.27 years) varied by BMI and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Data from eight six-month randomized controlled trials were pooled, with 1268 participants randomized to CR (n=710) and non-CR (n=558) conditions. Baseline BMI/IL-6 subgroups were constructed using BMI≥35 kg/m2 and IL-6>2.5 pg/dL, and participants were jointly classified as high/high (n=395), high/low (n=208), low/high (n=271), or low/low (n=344). Overall treatment effects showed significant improvements in gait speed in CR versus non-CR [mean difference: 0.02 m/s (95% CI: 0.01, 0.04)]; however, CR assignment significantly interacted with BMI/IL-6 subgroup (p=0.03). Greatest gait speed improvement was observed in the high/high CR subgroup [+0.06 m/s (0.03, 0.09)] and appeared to be driven by no gait speed change among the high/high non-CR subgroup. Gait speed response to CR was greatest in older adults with elevated baseline BMI and IL-6.

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Effectiveness of Web-based physical activity interventions for older adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE ◽

10.23949/ijhms.2018.08.12.2.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 69-87

Author(s):

Jaehyun Kim ◽

Shang-Ti Chen ◽

Sun-Hwan Hwang

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Web Based ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Physical Activity Interventions

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The Effect of Unsupervised Home-Based Exercise Training on Physical Functioning Outcomes in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Biological Research For Nursing ◽

10.1177/1099800421989439 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 109980042198943

Author(s):

Mahdi Mahjur ◽

Ali Asghar Norasteh

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Physical Functioning ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Upper Body ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Home Based ◽

Body Strength

Background: Exercise training such as balance, aerobic, and resistance training is able to improve physical functioning of older adults. Delivering such exercise regimes at home without supervision may be useful for older adults because they do not have to leave their homes. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aimed to establish the effect of unsupervised home-based exercise training regimes on physical functioning (balance and muscle strength) in older adults. Data sources: PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases and reference lists of included investigations were searched. Study selection: Thirteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise training impact on balance and upper body strength with concurrent control groups were included in the analysis. Results: Our analyses revealed that in older adults, unsupervised home-based various exercise training was effective in improving measures of proactive balance (mean difference (MD) = −1.37 s; 95% confidence interval (CI), −2.24, −0.51 s; p = 0.002) and balance test battery (MD: 1.80; 95% CI, 0.46, 3.14 s; p = 0.009). There were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups for upper body strength ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: Unsupervised home-based exercise training improves balance in older adults. Future investigations are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying unsupervised home-based exercise training’s effect on this population’s physical functioning outcomes.

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Unsupervised home-based resistance training for community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Ageing Research Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.arr.2021.101368 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101368

Author(s):

Asier Mañas ◽

Paola Gómez-Redondo ◽

Pedro L. Valenzuela ◽

Javier S. Morales ◽

Alejandro Lucía ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Home Based ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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The effects of aquatic therapy on mobility of individuals with neurological diseases: a systematic review

Clinical Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/0269215514556297 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (8) ◽

pp. 741-751 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Andresa R Marinho-Buzelli ◽

Alison M Bonnyman ◽

Mary C Verrier

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Neurological Diseases ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Aquatic Therapy ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Randomized Studies ◽

Before And After

Objective:To summarize evidence on the effects of aquatic therapy on mobility in individuals with neurological diseases.Data sources:MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CENTRAL, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, PsycBITE and OT Seeker were searched from inception to 15 September 2014. Hand-searching of reference lists was performed in the selected studies.Review methods:The search included randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies that investigated the use of aquatic therapy and its effect on mobility of adults with neurological diseases. One reviewer screened titles and abstracts of retrieved studies from the search strategy. Two reviewers independently examined the full texts and conducted the study selection, data extraction and quality assessment. A narrative synthesis of data was applied to summarize information from included studies. The Downs and Black Scale was used to assess methodological quality.Results:A total of 116 articles were obtained for full text eligibility. Twenty studies met the specified inclusion criteria: four Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), four non-randomized studies and 12 before-and-after tests. Two RCTs (30 patients with stroke in the aquatic therapy groups), three non-randomized studies and three before-and-after studies showed “fair” evidence that aquatic therapy increases dynamic balance in participants with some neurological disorders. One RCT (seven patients with stroke in the aquatic therapy group) and two before-and-after tests (20 patients with multiple sclerosis) demonstrated “fair” evidence on improvement of gait speed after aquatic therapy.Conclusion:Our synthesis showed “fair” evidence supporting the use of aquatic therapy to improve dynamic balance and gait speed in adults with certain neurological conditions.

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Examining the Evidence: A Systematic Review of the Inclusion and Analysis of Older Adults in Randomized Controlled Trials

Journal of General Internal Medicine ◽

10.1007/s11606-010-1629-x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (7) ◽

pp. 783-790 ◽

Cited By ~ 220

Author(s):

Donna M. Zulman ◽

Jeremy B. Sussman ◽

Xisui Chen ◽

Christine T. Cigolle ◽

Caroline S. Blaum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Safety and Effectiveness of Long-Term Exercise Interventions in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Sports Medicine ◽

10.1007/s40279-020-01259-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

pp. 1095-1106 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Antonio García-Hermoso ◽

Robinson Ramirez-Vélez ◽

Mikel L. Sáez de Asteasu ◽

Nicolás Martínez-Velilla ◽

Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Effectiveness of Combined Cognitive and Physical Interventions to Enhance Functioning in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

The Gerontologist ◽

10.1093/geront/gnz149 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 60 (8) ◽

pp. e633-e642 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Chenchen Yang ◽

Ami Moore ◽

Elias Mpofu ◽

Diana Dorstyn ◽

Qiwei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Executive Function ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Processing Speed ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background and Objectives Cognitive training delivered in conjunction with physical activity, may help to optimize aging and delay or prevent dementia in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, their efficacy is less well studied compared to pharmaceutical treatments. This systematic review synthesizes the emerging evidence on combined cognitive-physical interventions for enhancing functioning in older adults with MCI, with implications for practice and research. Research Design and Methods We searched the PubMed, PsycINFO, Ageline, Medline, Web of Science and ProQuest databases, and hand-searched articles published between July 2013 and November 2018. Only randomized controlled trials which incorporated cognitive and physical components targeted to individuals with MCI over the age of 50 were eligible. Our search yielded 10 eligible, independent articles. Results Intervention participants with MCI self-reported, or demonstrated, improved functioning across a range of cognitive (global cognitive function, executive function, processing speed, memory, attention, mood, emotion, motivation, brain cortex, orientation), and physical (gait, balance, mobility) outcomes. Interventions which combined cognitive-physical training were comparable to those which isolated these same elements, in terms of their effects on executive function, processing speed, attention, mood, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Discussion and Implications There is preliminary evidence to support the positive effects of multicomponent interventions to improve cognitive-motor abilities in older adults at risk of developing dementia. The strength of this research evidence is, however, limited. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether these effects are maintained over time. The optimal intervention intensity and length also need to be established.

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