scholarly journals FAMILY CAREGIVER SOCIAL ISOLATION AND HEALTH: FINDINGS IN THE NATIONAL SURVEY OF CAREGIVING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S438-S439
Author(s):  
Janet S Pohl ◽  
Janice F Bell ◽  
Nancy Woods ◽  
Daniel J Tancredi
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Caregiver Health ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Independent Domain

Abstract Social relationships are important for family/informal caregiver health. Due to caregiving commitments caregivers are at risk for social isolation. Social isolation is associated with adverse health outcomes in the general population, but few studies have examined this association among caregivers. Employing the Convoy Model of social relations, we examined associations between caregiver self-reported health and social isolation—operationalized as a measure that included multiple domains and as specific domains modeled independently. Social isolation prevalence was 24.74% (n=2,175); mean health was 3.46 (SE=0.02) on a scale of 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent). In adjusted models, domain-inclusive social isolation was inversely associated with health (β=-.07; CI=-0.14,-0.02, p=0.01). In independent domain adjusted models, only participation in club activities was associated with health (β=-.22; CI=-0.35,-0.10, p<0.01). Social isolation predicted caregiver health, with club participation explaining much of the variance. Domain inclusive social isolation measures can identify targets for intervention studies to improve caregiver health.

scholarly journals Factors influencing happiness in the elderly based on the Anderson model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Zhang ◽  
Shuang Huang ◽  
Lijia Jing ◽  
Zongzhuang Liu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Anderson Model ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Contextual Characteristics

Abstract Background: The happiness of elderly people is an important indicator of successful aging. Research shows that happiness among the elderly is not only affected by physical conditions, social relations and other factors, but is also used as a measure of other aspects of happiness. This study examined the relationship between happiness and social relationships, contextual characteristics, and the medical outcomes of the elderly in China.Methods: A total of 669 subjects over the age of 60 years were randomly selected from 13 cities in Heilongjiang province and surveyed using questionnaires. We used a structural equation based on the Anderson model to analyze the factors influencing happiness in the elderly.Results: The main factors for happiness in the elderly were social relationships (P = 0.51), contextual characteristics (P = 0.26), and medical outcomes (P = 0.23). Among these, the most important factor in the dimension of social relationships was social isolation (P = 0.757), the most important factor in the dimension of contextual characteristics was monthly income (P = 0.955), and the most important factor in the dimension of medical outcomes was physical health (P = 0.600). There were also some relationships among three other dimensions.Conclusions：For the elderly, we must pay attention to social relations and reduce the sense of social isolation. At the same time, we should provide more medical resources for the elderly and maintain their health.

scholarly journals Factors influencing happiness in the elderly based on the Anderson model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Zhang ◽  
Shuang Huang ◽  
Lijia Jing ◽  
Zongzhuang Liu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Contextual Characteristics

Abstract Background: The happiness of elderly people is an important indicator of successful aging. Research shows that happiness among the elderly is not only affected by physical conditions, social relations and other factors, but is also used as a measure of other aspects of happiness. This study examined the relationship between happiness and social relationships, contextual characteristics, and the medical outcomes of the elderly in China.Methods: Using multistage sampling method, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Heilongjiang Province, China. 1003 elderly people participated in this study. We used the Life Satisfaction Scale, social isolation scale and EQ-5D to measure the happiness, social participation and health status of the elderly. In this study, structural equation modeling and descriptive analysis were used for analysis.Results: The main factors for happiness in the elderly were social relationships (γ = 0.507, P<0.001), contextual characteristics (γ= 0.256, P<0.001), and medical outcomes (γ= 0.232, P=0.015). Among these, the most important factor in the dimension of social relationships was social isolation (γ = -0.757 P<0.001), the most important factor in the dimension of contextual characteristics was monthly income (γ = 0.955 P<0.001), and the most important factor in the dimension of medical outcomes was physical health (γ = 0.600 P<0.001). There were also some relationships among three other dimensions.Conclusions：For the elderly, we must pay attention to social relations and reduce the sense of social isolation. At the same time, we should provide more medical resources for the elderly and maintain their health.

scholarly journals Emotion Recognition and Reactivity in Persons With Neurodegenerative Disease Are Differentially Associated With Caregiver Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1233-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey L Brown ◽  
Jenna L Wells ◽  
Alice Y Hua ◽  
Kuan-Hua Chen ◽  
Jennifer Merrilees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disease ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Acoustic Startle ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Caregiver Health ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Reported Health

Abstract Background and Objectives Motivated by the high rates of health problems found among caregivers of persons with neurodegenerative disease, we examined associations between deficits in two aspects of care recipients’ socioemotional functioning and their caregivers’ health. Research Design and Methods In 2 studies with independent samples (N = 171 and 73 dyads), caregivers reported on care recipients’ emotion recognition and emotional reactivity. Caregiver health was assessed using both self-report measures (Studies 1 and 2) and autonomic nervous system indices (Study 2). Results Lower emotion recognition in care recipients was linearly associated with worse self-reported health, faster resting heart rate, and greater physiological reactivity to an acoustic startle stimulus in caregivers. These effects held after accounting for a variety of risk factors for poor caregiver health, including care recipients’ neuropsychiatric symptoms. Emotional reactivity showed a quadratic association with health, such that the lowest and highest levels of emotional reactivity in care recipients were associated with lower self-reported health in caregivers. Discussion and Implications Results shed light on the unique associations between two aspects of care recipients’ emotional functioning and caregivers’ health. Findings suggest potential ways to identify and help caregivers at heightened risk for adverse health outcomes.

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Koczanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The World

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness In my paper I show the relevance of cultural-activity theory for solving the puzzles of the concept of consciousness which encounter contemporary philosophy. I reconstruct the main categories of cultural-activity theory as developed by M.M. Bakhtin, L.S. Vygotsky, G.H. Mead, and J. Dewey. For the concept of consciousness the most important thing is that the phenomenon of human consciousness is consider to be an effect of intersection of language, social relations, and activity. Therefore consciousness cannot be reduced to merely sensual experience but it has to be treated as a complex process in which experience is converted into language expressions which in turn are used for establishing interpersonal relationships. Consciousness thus can be accounted for by its reference to objectivity of social relationships rather than to the world of physical or biological phenomena.

The Social Specificity of Societal Nature Relations in a Flexible Capitalist Society

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Eversberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Mutual Dependency ◽  
The Social ◽  
People’S Perceptions

Based on analyses of a 2016 German survey, this article contributes to debates on ‘societal nature relations’ by investigating the systematic differences between socially specific types of social relations with nature in a flexible capitalist society. It presents a typology of ten different ‘syndromes’ of attitudes toward social and environmental issues, which are then grouped to distinguish between four ideal types of social relationships with nature: dominance, conscious mutual dependency, alienation and contradiction. These are located in Pierre Bourdieu’s (1984) social space to illustrate how social relationships with nature correspond to people’s positions within the totality of social relations. Understanding how people’s perceptions of and actions pertaining to nature are shaped by their positions in these intersecting relations of domination – both within social space and between society and nature – is an important precondition for developing transformative strategies that will be capable of gaining majority support in flexible capitalist societies.

scholarly journals Three Strategies for Describing Social Interactions of Adolescents in a Multicultural Environment—Indicators for the Quality of Life Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8166
Author(s):  
Alicja Szerląg ◽  
Arkadiusz Urbanek ◽  
Kamila Gandecka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Multicultural Environment ◽  
Multicultural Community ◽  
The Social

Background: The analysis has involved social interactions in a multicultural environment. The social context has been defined by the Vilnius region (Lithuania), where national, religious, and cultural differences exist across generations (multicultural community). The space of “social relationships”, as one of the modules of the WHO quality of life assessment, has been studied. An innovation of the research has been related to the analysis of the phenomenon of community of nationalities and cultures as a predictor of quality of life (QoL). The social motive of the research has been the historical continuity (for centuries) of the construction of the Vilnius cultural borderland. Here, the local community evolves from a group of many cultures to an intercultural community. Interpreting the data, therefore, requires a long perspective (a few generations) to understand the quality of relationships. We see social interactions and strategies for building them as a potential for social QoL in multicultural environments. Methods: The research has been conducted on a sample of 374 respondents, including Poles (172), Lithuanians (133), and Russians (69). A diagnostic poll has been used. The respondents were adolescents (15–16 years). The research answers the question: What variables form the interaction strategies of adolescents in a multicultural environment? The findings relate to interpreting the social interactions of adolescents within the boundaries of their living environment. The description of the social relations of adolescents provides an opportunity to implement the findings for further research on QoL. Results: An innovative outcome of the research is the analysis of 3 interaction strategies (attachment to national identification, intercultural dialogue, and multicultural community building) as a background for interpreting QoL in a multicultural environment. Their understanding is a useful knowledge for QoL researchers. The data analysis has taken into account cultural and generational (historical) sensitivities. Therefore, the team studying the data has consisted of researchers and residents of the Vilnius region. We used the interaction strategies of adolescents to describe the category of “social relationships” in nationally and culturally diverse settings.

scholarly journals Co-Housing Response to Social Isolation of COVID-19 Outbreak, with a Focus on Gender Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7203
Author(s):  
Emanuele Giorgi ◽  
Lucía Martín Martín López ◽  
Rubén Garnica-Monroy ◽  
Aleksandra Krstikj ◽  
Carlos Cobreros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Social Habits

COVID-19 forced billions of people to restructure their daily lives and social habits. Several research projects have focused on social impacts, approaching the phenomenon on the basis of different issues and scales. This work studies the changes in social relations within the well-defined urban-territorial elements of co-housing communities. The peculiarity of this research lies in the essence of these communities, which base their existence on the spirit of sharing spaces and activities. As social distancing represented the only effective way to control the outbreak, the research studied how the rules of social distancing impacted these communities. For this reason, a questionnaire was sent to 60 communities asking them to highlight the changes that the emergency imposed on the members in their daily life and in the organization of common activities and spaces. A total of 147 responses were received and some relevant design considerations emerged: (1) the importance of feeling part of a “safe” community, with members who were known and deemed reliable, when facing a health emergency; and (2) the importance of open spaces to carry out shared activities. Overall, living in co-housing communities was evaluated as an “extremely positive circumstance” despite the fact that the emergency worsened socialization.

The ‘loneliness pandemic’: implications for gerontological nursing

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 652-655
Author(s):  
Carlos Laranjeira
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Gerontological Nursing

The COVID-19 pandemic compelled states to limit free movement, in order to protect at-risk and more vulnerable groups, particularly older adults. Due to old age or debilitating chronic diseases, this group is also more vulnerable to loneliness (perceived discrepancy between actual and desired social relationships) and social isolation (feeling that one does not belong to society). This forced isolation has negative consequences for the health of older people, particularly their mental health. This is an especially challenging time for gerontological nursing, but it is also an opportunity for professionals to combat age stereotypes reinforced with COVID-19, to urge the measurement of loneliness and social isolation, and to rethink how to further adjust interventions in times of crisis, such as considering technology-mediated interventions in these uncertain times.

Cultivating social relationships and disrupting social isolation in low‐income, high‐disparity neighbourhoods in Ohio, USA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison A. Parsons ◽  
Dawna Leggett ◽  
Daniela Vollmer ◽  
Valerie Perez ◽  
Rachel Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Low Income

How Relationship Satisfaction Influences Post-Pandemic COVID-19 Anxiety: A Four-Wave Study in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyi Ou ◽  
yunhanqi ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Yuexiao Du ◽  
Yihang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
The Social

The social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic exerts lasing impacts on people’s mental health. However, whether and how people’s pre-existing positive social relationships can serve as stable reserves to alleviate people psychological distress following the disaster remains unknown. To address the question, the current study examined whether pre-pandemic relationship satisfaction would predict post-pandemic COVID-19 anxiety through middle-pandemic perceived social support and/or gratitude using four-wave data in China (N = 222, 54.50% female, Mage = 31.53, SD = 8.17). Results showed that people’s COVID-19 anxiety decreased from the peak to the trough pandemic stage; perceived social support increased markedly from the pre-pandemic to the peak and remained stable afterwards, while relationship satisfaction remained unchanged throughout. Further, it was middle-pandemic perceived social support, but not gratitude, mediated the association between pre-pandemic relationship satisfaction and post-pandemic COVID-19 anxiety, indicating perceived social support played a more crucial role than gratitude in this process. Last, it is suggested to distinguish perceived social support from gratitude as two different components of social interactions.

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