scholarly journals OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE SLEEP DURATION AND ACTIVITY LEVEL IN OLDER ADULTS WITH MILD DEMENTIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S527-S528
Author(s):  
Miranda V McPhillips ◽  
Jinyoung Kim ◽  
Darina V Petrovsky ◽  
Junxin Li ◽  
Sonia Talwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Little is known about the relationship between sleep duration and activities of daily living (ADLs) in those with mild dementia. We sought to examine the independent relationship between objective and subjective sleep duration and ADLs in community-dwelling older adults with mild dementia. Analyses were conducted on baseline data from participants enrolled in the Healthy Patterns Clinical Trial (Hodgson; R01NR015226). Measures included 24-hour wrist actigraphy for objective sleep duration, proxy-reported Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (sleep duration subscale) for subjective sleep duration and the Barthel Index for performance of ADLs. We used Spearman’s correlation and multivariate linear regression. A total of 30 individuals (56.7% male) aged 74.6 (SD 7.4) with mean Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scores of 1 (SD 0.5) were enrolled. Objective sleep duration ranged from 2.7 to 11.5 with mean 6.7 (SD 2.4) hours; subjective sleep duration ranged from 4 to 13.5 with mean 7.9 (SD 2.4) hours. Longer objective and subjective sleep duration were significantly associated with worse ADL scores (r = -0.48, p = 0.03; r = -0.59, p=0.007, respectively) in bivariate analyses. After controlling for age, CDR, and depression, subjective sleep duration was independently associated with ADLs (β = -1.90, p =0.03) and objective sleep duration trended toward significance (β = -1.47, p =0.10). These preliminary results suggest self-reported longer sleep could be indicative of declines in ADLs in older adults with mild dementia. Further prospective studies are necessary to determine the independent association between objectively assessed sleep duration and ADLs in patients with mild dementia.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Level Following Resistance Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Receiving Home Care: Results from a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6682
Author(s):  
Hilde Bremseth Bårdstu ◽  
Vidar Andersen ◽  
Marius Steiro Fimland ◽  
Lene Aasdahl ◽  
Hilde Lohne-Seiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Older adults’ physical activity (PA) is low. We examined whether eight months of resistance training increased PA level in community-dwelling older adults receiving home care. A two-armed cluster-randomized trial using parallel groups was conducted. The included participants were >70 years and received home care. The resistance training group performed resistance training using body weight, elastic bands, and water canes twice per week for eight months. The control group was informed about the national PA guidelines and received motivational talks. The ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer was used to estimate PA. Outcomes included total PA (counts per minute), sedentary behavior (min/day), light PA (min/day), moderate-to-vigorous PA (min/day), and steps (mean/day). Between-group differences were analyzed using multilevel linear mixed models. Twelve clusters were randomized to either resistance training (7 clusters, 60 participants) or the control group (5 clusters, 44 participants). A total of 101 participants (median age 86.0 (interquartile range 80–90) years) had valid accelerometer data and were included in the analysis. There were no statistically significant between-group differences for any of the PA outcomes after four or eight months. This study offers no evidence of increased PA level following resistance training in older adults with home care.

Variants of the Circle of Willis as seen on magnetic resonance angiography and carotid siphon calcifications in community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092110428
Author(s):  
Oscar H Del Brutto ◽  
Bettsy Y. Recalde ◽  
Robertino M Mera
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Anatomical Variants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background and purpose Information on the association between anatomical variants of the Circle of Willis (CoW) and intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is limited and results are controversial. In this population-based study, we aimed to assess whether an incomplete CoW is associated with high calcium content in carotid siphons (a reliable biomarker of ICAD) in community-dwelling older adults of Amerindian ancestry. Methods Individuals aged ≥60 years enrolled in the Three Villages Study received a head computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) of intracranial vessels. The CoW was classified in complete or incomplete according to the presence or absence of one A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery or one or both P1 segments of posterior cerebral arteries. Calcium content in carotid siphons was rated as low or high. A multivariate logistic model was fitted to assess the independent association between incompleteness of the CoW and high calcium content in carotid siphons, after adjusting for demographics and cardiovascular risk factors. Results A total of 581 individuals were enrolled (mean age: 71 ± 8.4 years; 57% women). MRA revealed an incomplete CoW in 227 (39%) individuals, and high-resolution CT disclosed high calcium content in carotid siphons in 185 (32%). A risk factor logistic regression model showed no independent association between incompleteness of the CoW and high calcium content in carotid siphons (odds ratio: 0.91; 95% confidence interval: 0.62–1.34; p = 0.631). Conclusion Study results disclosed no association between anatomical variants of the CoW and the presence of high calcium content in carotid siphons.

Long and Short Sleep Duration and Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1066-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Nakakubo ◽  
H. Makizako ◽  
T. Doi ◽  
K. Tsutsumimoto ◽  
R. Hotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Changes in Objectively Measured Lifestyle Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Ataka ◽  
Noriyuki Kimura ◽  
Atsuko Eguchi ◽  
Etsuro Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: In this manuscript, we aimed at investigating whether objectively measured lifestyle factors, including walking steps, sedentary time, amount of unforced physical activity, level of slight and energetic physical activity, conversation time, and sleep parameters altered before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults.Methods: Data were obtained from a prospective cohort study conducted from 2015 to 2019 and a subsequent dementia prevention study undertaken in September 2020. Community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years wore wearable sensors before and during the pandemic.Results: A total of 56 adults were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 74.2±3.9 years, and 58.9% (n=33) of the participants were female. The moderate and vigorous physical activity time significantly decreased and sedentary time significantly increased during the pandemic. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate differences in objectively assessed lifestyle factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults. The findings show that the pandemic has adversely affected physical activity among older adults living on their own in Japan.

scholarly journals Cognitive Outcomes during COVID-19 confiNemeNt in Elderly and their Caregivers using Technologies for DEMentia (CONNECT DEM): study protocol (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Marian Goodman-Casanova ◽  
Elena Dura-Perez ◽  
Gloria Guerrero-Pertiñez ◽  
Pilar Barnestein-Fonseca ◽  
Jose Guzman-Parra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 has forced worldwide the implementation of unprecedented restrictions to control its rapid spread and mitigate its impact. The Spanish government has enforced social distancing, quarantine and home confinement. This restriction of daily life activities and separation from loved ones may lead to social isolation and loneliness with health-related consequences in community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia and their caregivers. Additionally, an inadequate access to healthcare and social support services may aggravate chronic conditions. Technology home-based interventions emerge for combating social isolation and loneliness preventing the risk of viral exposure. OBJECTIVE The aim of this cohort study is to explore, analyze and determine the impact of social isolation on: 1) cognition, quality of life, mood, technophilia and perceived stress of community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia, and on caregiver burden; 2) health and social care services access and utilization, and 3) cognitive, social and entertainment use of ICTs. METHODS This study will be conducted in the Spanish region of Andalucía (Málaga). In total 200 dyads, consisting of a person with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia (PMCI/MD) and their informal caregiver will be contacted by telephone. Potential respondents will be participants of the SMART 4 MD (N=100) and TV-AssistDem (N=100) clinical trials. RESULTS The change in means in the variables will be analyzed comparing baseline results in the previous studies with those during and after confinement using the ANOVA test of repeated measures or the non-parametric Friedman test if appropriate. The performance of a multivariate analysis of variance (ANCOVA) to introduce possible covariates will also be contemplated. A 95% confidence level will be used. CONCLUSIONS If the hypothesis is proven, these findings will demonstrate the negative impact of social isolation due to the COVID-19 confinement on cognition, quality of life, mood, and perceived stress of community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia, the impact on technophilia, caregiver burden, and health and social care services access and utilization; and the cognitive, social and entertainment use of ICTs during the COVID-19 confinement and afterwards. CLINICALTRIAL NCT: 04385797

scholarly journals Social Frailty Is Independently Associated with Mood, Nutrition, Physical Performance, and Physical Activity: Insights from a Theory-Guided Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalene Pek ◽  
Justin Chew ◽  
Jun Pei Lim ◽  
Suzanne Yew ◽  
Cai Ning Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Life Space ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Significant Covariates

Notwithstanding the increasing body of evidence that links social determinants to health outcomes, social frailty is arguably the least explored among the various dimensions of frailty. Using available items from previous studies to derive a social frailty scale as guided by the Bunt social frailty theoretical framework, we aimed to examine the association of social frailty, independently of physical frailty, with salient outcomes of mood, nutrition, physical performance, physical activity, and life–space mobility. We studied 229 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 67.22 years; 72.6% females) who were non-frail (defined by the FRAIL criteria). Using exploratory factor analysis, the resultant 8-item Social Frailty Scale (SFS-8) yielded a three-factor structure comprising social resources, social activities and financial resource, and social need fulfilment (score range: 0–8 points). Social non-frailty (SNF), social pre-frailty (SPF), and social frailty (SF) were defined based on optimal cutoffs, with corresponding prevalence of 63.8%, 28.8%, and 7.4%, respectively. In logistic regression adjusted for significant covariates and physical frailty (Modified Fried criteria), there is an association of SPF with poor physical performance and low physical activity (odds ratio, OR range: 3.10 to 6.22), and SF with depressive symptoms, malnutrition risk, poor physical performance, and low physical activity (OR range: 3.58 to 13.97) compared to SNF. There was no significant association of SPF or SF with life–space mobility. In summary, through a theory-guided approach, our study demonstrates the independent association of social frailty with a comprehensive range of intermediary health outcomes in more robust older adults. A holistic preventative approach to frailty should include upstream interventions that target social frailty to address social gradient and inequalities.

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