scholarly journals A NEW LOOK AT THE LIVING ARRANGEMENTS OF OLDER AMERICANS USING MULTISTATE LIFE TABLES

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (Suppl_3) ◽  
pp. 296-297
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Multistate Life Tables ◽  
New Look

scholarly journals A New Look at the Living Arrangements of Older Americans Using Multistate Life Tables

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. e84-e96 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M Raymo ◽  
Isabel Pike ◽  
Jersey Liang
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Multistate Life Tables ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Abstract Objectives We extend existing research on the living arrangements of older Americans by focusing on geographic proximity to children, examining transitions in living arrangements across older ages, and describing differences by both race/ethnicity and educational attainment. Method We use data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) over a period of 10 years (2000–2010) to construct multistate life tables. These analyses allow us to describe the lives of older Americans between ages 65 and 90 in terms of the number of expected years of life in different living arrangements, reflecting both mortality and living arrangement transitions. Results Americans spend a substantial proportion of later life living near, but not with, adult children. There is a good deal of change in living arrangements at older ages and living arrangement-specific life expectancy differs markedly by race/ethnicity and educational attainment. However, overall life expectancy is not strongly related to living arrangements at age 65. Discussion Multistate life tables, constructed separately by sex, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment, provide a comprehensive description of sociodemographic differences in living arrangements across older ages in the United States. We discuss the potential implications of these differences for access to support and the exacerbation or mitigation of inequalities at older ages.

Educational Differences in Self-Rated Health Trends Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults Living Alone, 1972–2018

2022 ◽  
pp. 089826432110527
Author(s):  
Esther O. Lamidi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Objectives: This study examines educational differences in living alone and in self-rated health trends among middle-aged and older adults. Methods: We used logistic regression to analyze data from the 1972–2018 National Health Interview Survey ( n = 795,239 aged 40–64; n = 357,974 aged 65–84). Results: Between 1972–1974 and 2015–2018, living alone became more prevalent, particularly among men and at lower levels of education. Self-rated health trends varied by living arrangement and education. We found self-rated health declines among middle-aged adults having no college degree and living alone, but trends in self-rated health were mostly stable or even improved among middle-aged adults living with others. Among older adults, self-rated health improved over time, but for the least-educated older Americans living alone, the probability of reporting fair or poor health increased between 1972–1974 and 2015–2018. Discussion: The findings suggest growing disparities by social class, in living arrangements and in self-rated health.

scholarly journals SOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND TRAJECTORIES OF LIVING ARRANGEMENTS AMONG OLDER AMERICANS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S281-S281
Author(s):  
Jersey Liang ◽  
BoRin Kim ◽  
Xiao Xu ◽  
James Raymo ◽  
Mary Beth Ofstedal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Young Old

Abstract Living arrangements are critical to intra-family exchanges that affect older persons’ health and well-being. The conventional conceptualization of living arrangements has emphasized coresidence with children, while overlooking proximate residence from children. Additionally, existing research often relied on cross-sectional data which confound intrapersonal differences with interpersonal variations. This study examined the dynamics of living arrangements in old age by depicting their trajectories as a function of social stratification (i.e., age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, income, and wealth). Data came from the Health and Retirement Study and included a national sample of 7,822 older Americans with at least one living child from 1998 to 2014. Multi-level mixed effects models were employed to analyze the trajectories of living arrangements and their key determinants for the young-old and the old-old separately. Among the young-old (age 65-74, N=4,917), the probability of coresidence increased slightly over time, whereas the probabilities of proximate residence and distant residence decreased slightly and remained stable respectively, and the risk for institutionalization increased moderately. Similar but more accelerated trajectories were observed among the old-old (age 75+, N=2,905). Age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, income, and asset were significantly associated with not only the levels of the probabilities of various living arrangements but also their slopes. For instance, among the old-old, Hispanics had a lower level of nursing home residence as well as a slower rate of increase in the risk of institutionalization than Whites. These findings may inform public policies to strengthen family-based support and long-term care for older people.

scholarly journals TRAJECTORIES OF LIVING ARRANGEMENTS AMONG CHILDLESS OLDER AMERICANS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
X Xu ◽  
J Liang ◽  
B Kim ◽  
M Ofstedal ◽  
J Raymo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Older Americans

Multistate Life Tables: Movement versus Transition Perspectives

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ledent
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Principal Part ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
Multistate Life Tables ◽  
Versus Transition ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
The One ◽  
Transition Approach ◽  
Multistate Life Table

This paper attempts to present a comprehensive view of the methodological and empirical aspects involved in the construction of increment–decrement life tables, that is life tables which allow entries into (increments) as well as withdrawals from (decrements) alternative states. The first principal part of the paper, section 2, presents a theoretical exposition of such tables, paralleling that of the ordinary life table, and discusses various issues raised by the conceptualization of multistate life-table functions. The second principal part, section 3, contrasts the two alternative approaches to the applied calculation of such tables. On the one hand, the movement approach, which views interstate transfers as events (such as deaths or births), requires data in the form of occurrence/exposure rates; on the other hand, the transition approach, which regards such transfers as the results of a change in an individual's state of presence between two points in time, uses data in the form of survivorship proportions.

Multistate Life Tables

1987 ◽  
pp. 137-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnan Namboodiri ◽  
C.M. Suchindran
Keyword(s):  
Life Tables ◽  
Multistate Life Tables

scholarly journals INCREASING VULNERABILITY AMONG OLDER AMERICANS ACT HOME-DELIVERED NUTRITION SERVICE CLIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S944-S944
Author(s):  
Kristen N Robinson ◽  
Heather L Menne
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Food Stamps ◽  
Demographic Shift ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Nutrition Services ◽  
Older Americans Act ◽  
Nutrition Service

Abstract Older Americans Act (OAA) programs are designed to help frail and vulnerable older adults remain in their homes through the provision of long-term services and supports. Administrative data from the Administration for Community Living (ACL) show that older adults receiving OAA services are three times more likely to live below the poverty level (33.0%) as compared with all older adults (9.2%). In addition, they are almost twice as likely to be living alone (45%) as compared with the general population (28%). Using data from the recently released 2018 National Survey of Older Americans Act Participants, we examine the largest program administered by ACL, the OAA Nutrition Program, to see if the economic vulnerability of home-delivered nutrition service clients has changed over the past 10 years. Results from this study show that recipients of home-delivered nutrition services are more in need of low-cost or free meals in 2018 than they were in 2008 due to a 24% increase in Medicaid eligibility, 41% increase in those who report not having enough money or food stamps to buy food, and 101% increase in those who report receiving food stamps. This increase in economic need may be due to a demographic shift in the marital status and living arrangements of older adults, specifically the 75-84 age group. The increase in the percentage of older adults who are divorced, live alone, and have low income has made the home-delivered nutrition services program even more important today than it was a decade ago.

scholarly journals LATER-LIFE LIVING ARRANGEMENTS OF CHILDLESS AMERICANS: A LIFETABLE APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S625-S625
Author(s):  
James Raymo ◽  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Jersey Liang ◽  
BoRin Kim ◽  
Mary Beth Ofstedal
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract The large body of research on living arrangements at older ages pays little attention to the growing population of childless men and women. We begin to fill this gap by using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) over a period of 14 years (2000-2014) to describe the number of years between ages 65-90 that childless Americans live in four different living arrangements: alone, with spouse, with others, and in a nursing home. Because the number of childless HRS respondents is not large (n = 835 in 2000), we first estimate sex-specific single decrement life tables by race/ethnicity and by educational attainment. We then use Sullivan’s method to calculate living arrangement-specific life expectancy for each group, thus providing a comprehensive descriptive portrait of sociodemographic differences in living arrangements across older ages for childless Americans. Preliminary results show that differences in living arrangement-specific life expectancy by race/ethnicity and educational attainment primarily reflect group differences in mortality. The proportion of later life spent in different living arrangements is generally similar across racial/ethnic groups and education levels. This stands in contrast to large racial/ethnic and educational differences documented in earlier studies of older Americans with at least one living child. Results also show that the proportion (and years) of later life spent living alone is substantial, especially for women (over 50%). We discuss the potential implications of these findings with reference to both projected trends in the childless population and research on associations between living arrangements and health of childless older Americans.

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