Comparing Older Persons’ Human Rights: Exploratory Study of the International Older Persons’ Human Rights Index (IOPHRI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-634
Author(s):  
Israel Doron ◽  
Carole Cox ◽  
Benny Spanier
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
The Status ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Actual Relationship

Abstract Background and Objectives Over the last 2 decades, several international indices have been developed to describe the status of older persons. None, however, have examined their human rights. The International Older Persons’ Human Rights Index (IOPHRI) fills in this gap by analyzing the formal legislative foundation of human rights for older people. The objective of this exploratory study is to examine the IOPHRI while comparing the legislation in 6 countries. Research Design and Methods A comparative international exploratory study comparing the human rights legislation of 6 countries: United States, Chile, Ireland, South Africa, India, and Australia in 5 different human rights domains: constitutional, protection, familial and informal support, planning, and empowerment. Results The findings suggest that the actual relationship between formal human rights of older persons and the real world is complex: for example, while the IOPHRI index places South Africa in first place, it is far behind compared with all other participants in the Global AgeWatch Index (which measures objective elements such as life expectancy at 60, or poverty rates in old age). Discussion and Implications Measuring and indexing human rights of older persons reveal significant methodological issues. Beyond these methodological challenges, comparing the ranking of the IOPHRI to nonlegalistic indices raises significant questions about the relationship between formal human rights and the actual living experiences of older persons.

Compassion in care: A qualitative study of older people with a chronic disease and nurses

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 672-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margreet van der Cingel
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Outcomes Of Care ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

This article describes compassion as perceived within the relationship between nurses and older persons with a chronic disease. The aim of the study is to understand the benefit of compassion for nursing practice within the context of long-term care. The design of the study involves a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with nurses and patients in three different care-settings. Results show the nature of compassion in seven dimensions: attentiveness, listening, confronting, involvement, helping, presence and understanding. Analysis of the data also shows in what way opinions of participants relate to issues raised in a previous literature study, for example the difference between pity and compassion. The conclusion states that compassion is a valuable process which motivates patients as well as nurses to cooperate in achieving relevant outcomes of care. The discussion involves some methodological issues. For one thing, further confirmation of the dimensions found is recommended.

Customary Human Rights Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-160
Author(s):  
Steven Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Right ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Status ◽  
Law Making

Chapter 5 looks at customary human rights law, explaining how we can think about custom as a self-organizing system, the emergent property of the performative acts of states, who literally ‘speak’ customary human rights into existence; customary law then binds the same countries that brought it into existence, exhibiting the characteristics of a complex system. Complexity serves to remind us of the importance of path dependence, the power of events, and possibilities of change as states respond to new information. The work shows how the measures targeting apartheid South Africa after the Sharpeville Massacre resulted in the first customary human right on the prohibition of racial discrimination, as well as an evolution in the methodology for custom-formation, allowing reference to General Assembly resolutions and law-making treaties. The chapter further demonstrates how the status of persistent objector was denied to apartheid South Africa, confirming the non-negotiable character of fundamental human rights.

International Sanctions: A Framework for Analysis with Special Reference to the UN and Southern Africa

1972 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Doxey
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
International Economic ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
The Status ◽  
International Sanctions ◽  
The Relationship

This paper falls into two main parts. In Part I an attempt is made to develop a simple framework which can be used for analyzing the role of sanctions, with special reference to international sanctions.1In Part II this framework is used to investigate the status of the United Nations as a sanctioning body and, in particular, the relationship between the UN and Southern Africa where Rhodesia has been subjected to international economic sanctions since 1965 and South Africa has been under threat of similar measures since the early 1960s.2

scholarly journals Shear Wave Velocity: A New Quantitative Index to Estimate the Status of Thyroid in Diffuse Thyroid Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Yao Du ◽  
Qiao Ji ◽  
Xiu-Juan Hou ◽  
Xiao-Lei Wang ◽  
Xian-Li Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Quantitative Index ◽  
Tissue Stiffness ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
The Relationship

Objective.The purpose of the study was to assess the application value of VTQ in DTD.Research Design and Methods.Thirty healthy subjects and 74 DTD patients were involved. The thyroid stiffness, which was expressed by SWV, was measured by VTQ and compared between the patients and healthy people. The relationship between SWV and thyroid serological indexes was also analyzed.Results. The thyroid SWVs of DTD patients were higher than those of the healthy (2.56±1.33 m/s versus1.74±0.16 m/s,P=0.011). There was no significant difference between the thyroid SWVs in GD and HT patients (P=0.168). The SWVs in patients with GD and HT were both higher than those of the healthy (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve was 0.938 for SWV to distinguish between DTD and healthy thyroid. With a cutoff value of 2.02 m/s, the sensitivity and specificity were 81.12% and 100.00%, respectively. Additionally, we found a positive liner correlation between thyroid SWV and TSH in DTD patients (P<0.001).Conclusion.SWV is a good indicator of the thyroid tissue stiffness, which might be considered helpful in screening DTD. What is more, SWV might have a potential in assessing the thyroid function.

scholarly journals Corporations and constitutional guarantees

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 1125-1152
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Foster
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
The Political ◽  
Constitutional Review ◽  
Constitutional Protection ◽  
Equality Rights ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
The Status

Certain constitutional guarantees are now clearly available to corporations, under the Canadian Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, in the areas of Fundamental Freedoms and Legal Rights. Ambiguous terminology in the provisions dealing with Mobility and Equality Rights leaves the status of corporate applicants uncertain. The rationale of Big M may guarantee constitutional protection to corporations as indirect beneficiaries of rights to which they have no direct access. Whereas in the case of the Canadian Charter, responsability for the clarification of the scope and thereby of the political and social impact of the guarantees is likely to remain with the courts, an alternative solution may be available in Quebec. Clarification and/or reconsideration of the objectives of the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, as they are defined through the identification of its beneficiaries, could take place in the context of general constitutional review.

Human Rights in the Name of God?

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 165-206
Author(s):  
Hendrik J.C. Pieterse ◽  
Johannes A. Van Der Ven ◽  
Jaco S. Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Belief In God ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Grade 11 ◽  
Secular State ◽  
Name Of God

AbstractThis article is a study of the tension which arises because South Africa is a religious society within a secular state, or a secular state embedded in a religious society. The belief in God among Grade 11 students in the Johannesburg/ Pretoria region is investigated, and questions are posed as to the role belief in God plays in the formation of their attitudes towards human rights. Fundamental aspects of the relationship between belief in God and human rights are dealt with, students' belief in God is investigated and described, and finally, it is asked whether the students believe that there is a God of human rights.

Human Rights and Population Growth—A Feminist Perspective

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna R. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Population Policies ◽  
Worldwide Population ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Status Of Women

The question of the relationship between human rights and population growth is examined from the perspective of the rights and status of women. A brief review of the literature indicates that no necessary connection between an improvement in the status of women and a reduction of fertility has yet been discovered. The most promising investigations are found in culturally and regionally specific studies. The involvement of women in birth control and population growth is classified, and the concerns of feminists identified. The partial contradiction between the goals of feminism and the control of population, and the relatively unresearched aspects of reproduction are made explicit. The paper concludes that the voice of women should be heard in the worldwide population debate and in the national action plans for contraception, not just as representatives of government, the academy, or the professions, but as women-the people most intimately affected by the present population policies.

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