scholarly journals A qualitative biological risk assessment for vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis in Canadian waters: using expert knowledge

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Therriault ◽  
Leif-Matthias Herborg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Ciona Intestinalis ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
High Uncertainty

Abstract Therriault, T. W., and Herborg, L-M. 2008. A qualitative biological risk assessment for vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis in Canadian waters: using expert knowledge. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 781–787. Non-indigenous species (NIS) can pose a significant level of risk, through potential ecological or genetic consequences, to environments to which they are introduced. One way to characterize the overall risk posed by a NIS is to combine the probability and consequences of its establishment in a risk assessment that can be used to inform managers and policy-makers. The vase tunicate Ciona intestinalis is considered to be a cryptogenic species in eastern Canadian waters, but has not yet been reported from Pacific Canada. Because it is unclear what level of risk it poses for Canadian waters, we conducted a biological risk assessment for C. intestinalis and its potential pathogens, parasites, and fellow travellers. An expert survey was conducted to inform the risk assessment. The ecological risk posed by C. intestinalis was considered high (moderate uncertainty) on the Atlantic coast, and moderate (high uncertainty) on the Pacific coast. The genetic risk posed by C. intestinalis was considered moderate on both coasts, with low uncertainty on the Atlantic coast and high uncertainty on the Pacific coast, where hybridization with Ciona savignyi may be possible. Pathogens, parasites, and fellow travellers were considered to be a moderate ecological risk and a low genetic risk (with high uncertainty) for both coasts.

TWO NEW MEXICAN ISOTOGASTRURA (COLLEMBOLA: ISOTOGASTRURIDAE)

1998 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. Palacios-Vargas ◽  
Jean-Marc Thibaud
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
New Mexican ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Two New Species

AbstractTwo new species of Isotogastrura, one from the Pacific coast and one from the Atlantic coast, are described: Isotogastrura ahuizotli sp.nov. and Isotogastrura veracruzana sp.nov. A key for the five species known at present is included.

Taxonomy of Centropomus Lacépède, 1802 (Perciformes: Centropomidae), with focus on the Atlantic species of the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4942 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-338
Author(s):  
JESSÉ MIRANDA DE FIGUEIREDO-FILHO ◽  
ALEXANDRE P. MARCENIUK ◽  
ANDERSON FEIJÓ ◽  
RAQUEL SICCHA-RAMIREZ ◽  
GIOVANA S. RIBEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase I ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Needed Information ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Species

Centropomus Lacépède, 1802 comprises 13 species of the fishes popularly knows as snooks, distributed in both Atlantic and Pacific coasts of America. Despite several studies on the group, conflicting taxonomic classifications still exist, including overlapping diagnostic characters, rendering species diagnoses extremely difficult. Herein, we review the taxonomy of Centropomus to elucidate species identities, redefine their diagnoses and to assess interspecific relationships based on the examination of 376 specimens. The study included complementary approaches, as analyses of external morphologic characters, linear and geometric morphometrics, and molecular analyses. Forty-nine characters were used for external morphology, 17 discrete plus 32 linear measurements. Shape and size were analyzed through geometric morphometrics of 185 specimens in lateral view. Partial sequences of the gene cytochrome c oxidase I were obtained for 129 specimens representing 11 species. Based on the consistent results retrieved from the morphologic and molecular analyses, we recognized six species of Centropomus from the Atlantic coast (C. ensiferus, C. irae, C. parallelus, C. pectinatus, C. poeyi and C. undecimalis). Centropomus mexicanus is treated as a junior synonym of C. parallelus. Six species from the Pacific coast are also tentatively recognized (C. armatus, C. medius, C. nigrescens, C. robalito, C. unionensis, and C. viridis), however further studies on the Pacific species are still needed. Information on type material, diagnosis, distribution, and taxonomic comments are provided for each species. An identification key to the species of Centropomus is presented. 

scholarly journals DESMODORIDAE (NEMATODA) MIT EXTREM LANGEN SPICULA AUS SUDAMÉRICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sievert Lorenzen
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Marine Nematodes ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Bundesrepublik Deutschland ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
De Man

1. It is discussed that in five from the six orders of freeliving marine nematodes there are species with extraordinary long spicula. These species live in mud, sand and between algae. Extraordinary long spicula are slender, have with very few exceptions the form of an elongated comma and are accompanied by a 1) Die Arbeit wurde gefordert durch Exkursionsbeihilfen von „ORPLANLos Canales" (Chile) zur Küste Patagoniens und durch eine Reisebeihilfe der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (Bundesrepublik Deutschland) nach Kolumbien. In Kolumbien konnte ich am Instituto Colombo-Alemán in Santa Marta arbeiten. Allen drei Institutionen sei herzlich gedankt. slender gubernaculum without apophysis. In the respectives females the sexual organs are built normally as in other species in which the males possess normal spicula (1 exception). 2. 4 species belonging to the family Desmodoridae are described: Microlaimus acicularis n. sp., Molgolaimus tenuispiculum Ditlevsen 1921 (both to Microlaiminae), Desmodora (Desmodora) filispiculum n. sp. and D.(D.) sinuata n. sp. (both to Desmodorinae). The three first mentioned species are collected from the Pacific coast of Southern Chile, the last mentioned one from the Atlantic coast of Colombia.3. The spicula of Molgolaimus tenuispiculum and Desmodora sinuata are not only very elongated but furthermore of a very outstanding form.4. Within the genus Desmodora de Man 1889 the subgenus Desmodorella Cobb 1933 is supposed to be synonym to the subgenus Desmodora. 5. Similarities which exist between Desmodora, the epsilonematids and draconematids are discussed.

First record of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis (Actiniaria: Edwardsiidae) in Southern Hemisphere waters

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2343 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANINE F. SILVA ◽  
CARLOS A. C. LIMA ◽  
CARLOS D. PEREZ ◽  
PAULA B. GOMES
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
First Record ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Nematostella Vectensis ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Usa

This is the first record of the starlet sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis Stephenson, 1935, in Southern Hemisphere waters. Specimens of N. vectensis were collected in the surroundings of the Port of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The species is native to the Atlantic coast of the United States of America; populations along the Pacific coast of the USA and the coasts of England are the result of anthropogenic introduction, probably associated with ships and boats used in oyster commerce (Sheader et al. 1997; Pearson et al. 2002; Reitzel et al. 2008). The present study extends the latitudinal distribution of this species, and we discuss the presence on the Brazilian coast of this exotic species.

Climate and the distribution of C4 grasses along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy SM Wan ◽  
Rowan F Sage
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Exotic Grasses ◽  
The Pacific

In this study, relationships between temperature, precipitation, and the percentage of C4 grasses in local grass floras from the Atlantic and Pacific coastal regions of North America were examined. The proportion of C4 species in a local grass flora increased as latitude decreased on both coasts. At a given latitude, the C4 percentage on the Atlantic coast was higher than the Pacific coast. This difference was related to the Atlantic coast having greater July minimum temperatures than Pacific coast locations of similar latitude. Linear regression analysis showed that the proportion of C4 species in a local flora was positively associated with July minimum temperature on both coasts. The regression line between July minimum temperature and C4 representation was similar for each coast, indicating growth-season temperature has a similar control over C4 presence on the two coasts. Proportionally more of the annual precipitation fell in midsummer on the Atlantic than the Pacific coast, but this difference in the seasonal occurrence of precipitation did not alter the relationship between July minimum temperature and the contribution of C4 grass species to local floras. The Atlantic coast locations with the most precipitation had the highest C4 grass occurrence, indicating aridity alone did not increase the C4 representation in a grass flora. On both coasts, the proportion of NADP-malic enzyme C4 species in local C4 grass floras was positively correlated with mean annual precipitation; however, at equivalent percentages of NADP-malic enzyme subtype occurrence, precipitation levels were substantially lower on the Pacific than Atlantic coast. The trend between latitude and the percentage of C4 species in exotic grass floras was similar to the trend between latitude and the percentage of all C4 grasses in an entire grass flora. Thus, the C4 pathway appears to play no obvious role in enhancing the invasibility of exotic grasses in North America.Key words: bioinvasions, biogeography, C4 photosynthesis, C4 subtype, Poaceae, photosynthesis.

Insights into migratory connectivity and conservation concerns of Red Knots Calidris canutus in the austral Pacific coast of the Americas

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
CAMILA GHERARDI-FUENTES ◽  
JORGE RUIZ ◽  
JUAN G. NAVEDO
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Migratory Connectivity ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Calidris Canutus ◽  
The North ◽  
Migratory Shorebirds ◽  
Daily Rate ◽  
The Pacific

Summary Migratory species rely on several distant sites during the annual cycle which makes their conservation more complex than that of non-migratory species. Even one of the most extensively studied migratory shorebirds - the Red Knot Calidris canutus - is currently ‘Near Threatened’ at the global level. Conflicting observations of migratory routes cast uncertainty on the subspecies classification and migratory connectivity of Red Knots in the Pacific coasts of the Americas. To fill essential information gaps, we present the first detailed population morphometrics of Red Knots during the non-breeding season in the southern Pacific coast, along with resightings of these birds throughout the Americas. We also estimated daily rate of weight gain during fuelling based on body mass at captures and known departure dates. Resightings demonstrate reliance on staging areas in both the Mid-continental and Atlantic flyways during the northward migration, and additionally in the Pacific Flyway during southward migration. In addition to the strong connection with several areas also used by C. c. rufa on the North American Atlantic coast, our results show morphometric differences within the ranges of both C. c. rufa and C. c. roselaari. Given the threats faced by Red Knots, the population in Chiloé Archipelago should be treated as a separate conservation unit within interhemispheric conservation programmes for endangered shorebirds within the Americas.

Pyura (Tunicata: Ascidiacea: Pyuridae) on the coasts of Panama

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4564 (2) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
ROSANA M. ROCHA ◽  
BAILEY KEEGAN COUNTS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Two New Species

Recent efforts have been taken to survey and describe the ascidian fauna of the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of Panama; however, the genus Pyura still remains poorly known. Sampling events have been occurring since 2003. In this research, we describe two new species from the Atlantic coast of Panama: P. longispina sp. nov., P. lopezlegentilae sp. nov., and two new species from the Pacific Coast of Panama: P. carmanae sp. nov. and P. imesa sp. nov. We also supply a tabular key for all the Pyura species found in Panama. 

scholarly journals A morphological, phylogenetic and phylogeographic reappraisal of the land crabs Gecarcinus quadratus De Saussure, 1853, and G. lateralis Fréminville in Guérin, 1832 (Decapoda: Gecarcinidae). Are they different species?

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5048 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-236
Author(s):  
IA ATZIMBA TOLEDANO-CARRASCO ◽  
JOSÉ LUIS VILLALOBOS ◽  
FERNANDO ÁLVAREZ
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
The Status

Land crabs of the genus Gecarcinus are distributed along both versants of the American continent. At some point four species were recognized: G. lateralis, G. nobilii, G. quadratus, and G. ruricola. Taxonomically, several authors have tried to differentiate Gecarcinus lateralis from the Atlantic coast and G. quadratus from the Pacific coast. Because morphologic characters used showed high intra-population variability, identification were very difficult. Consequently, these two species have occasionally been considered synonyms. To establish the degree of genetic difference between them a molecular analysis was performed with both species, G. lateralis and G. quadratus, including Mexican Pacific and Atlantic specimens, using the mitochondrial COI and 16S genes. The maximum clade credibility and maximum likelihood trees showed two clades with high support values, one corresponding to the Gulf of Mexico population and the other one to the Pacific coast population, with a genetic distance of 6.1%. The within-clade average distance for the Atlantic populations (G. lateralis) was 1.1% and 0.2% for those of the Pacific coast (G. quadratus). This supports the status of G. quadratus as a valid species, not as a synonym of G. lateralis. The estimated time of divergence between both species ranged between 2.3 to 4.3 million years, coinciding with the proposed closure of the Isthmus of Panama. Morphologically, some populations show high variability in somatic characters, whereas sexual appendices of males of both species showed very little variation. Color in life, shape of sternite 3, and shape and degree of coverage of the abdomen of thoracic sternites, in both sexes, are traits that can be used to differentiate both species.  

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