scholarly journals Into a rhythm: diel activity patterns and behaviour in Mediterranean slipper lobsters, Scyllarides latus

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. i147-i154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason S. Goldstein ◽  
Elizabeth A. Dubofsky ◽  
Ehud Spanier
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Endogenous Rhythms ◽  
Diel Activity Pattern ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Constant Dark

Abstract Although the natural history for Mediterranean slipper lobsters (Scyllarides latus) is well established, there exists a disproportionate lack of important biological and physiological data to verify many key traits, including to what extent endogenous rhythms modulate aspects of their behaviour. Although Scyllarids appear nocturnally active, few studies exist that quantify this tendency. Our overall objective was to test the hypothesis that adult slipper lobsters are nocturnal and to determine if their diel activity rhythms are under the influence of an endogenous circadian clock. In the laboratory, we exposed a total of 16 animals (CLavg = 92.6 ± 6.6 mm; CL, carapace length) to a 12 : 12 light : dark (LD) cycle for 7–10 d, followed by ***constant dark (DD) for 15–20 d. Activity was assessed using a combination of time-lapse video and accelerometers. Of a total of 16 lobsters, we analysed data from 15 (one mortality). All 15 lobsters were evaluated using video. Thirteen of these lobsters were also evaluated using accelerometers. All lobsters were more active during night-time than during daytime and synchronized their activity to the LD cycle, expressing a diel activity pattern (τ = 24.04 ± 0.13 h). In DD, lobsters maintained a circadian rhythm with a τ of 23.87 ± 0.07 h. These findings may provide insight into the behaviour of these animals in their natural habitat and help explain their ability to anticipate dawn and dusk.

scholarly journals Modeling Dynamic Behaviors within Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 13736-13737
Author(s):  
Nazgol Tavabi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Temporal Data ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Insight Into

The abundance of temporal data generated by mankind in recent years gives us the opportunity to better understand human behaviors along with the similarities and differences in groups of people. Better understanding of human behaviors could be very beneficial in choosing strategies, from group-level to society-level depending on the domain. This type of data could range from physiological data collected from sensors to activity patterns in social media. Identifying frequent behavioral patterns in sensor data could give more insight into the health of a community and provoke strategies towards improving it; By analyzing patterns of behaviors in social media, platform's attributes could be adjusted to the user's needs.This type of modeling introduces numerous challenges that varies depending on the data. The goal of my doctoral research is to introduce ways to better understand and capture human behavior by modeling individual's behaviors as time series and extracting interesting patterns within them.

Locomotor Activity Patterns and Feeding Habits in the Prawn Palaemon Serratus (Pennant, 1777) (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) in the Alfacs Bay, Ebro Delta, Spain

Crustaceana ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Guerao ◽  
C. Ribera
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Ebro Delta ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Endogenous Rhythmicity ◽  
Composition Changes

AbstractDiel activity rhythms of the prawn Palaemon serratus from Alfacs Bay, Ebro Delta, Spain, were studied under laboratory conditions by time-lapse video recording. The activity pattern showed endogenous rhythmicity of a circadian period with maximum activity at night. The feeding habits of P. serratus were studied using the frequency-of-occurrence method and the points method. The food of this species mainly consists of molluscs and crustaceans, and the remains of gastropods, amphipods, isopods, bivalves, mysids, copepods, and decapods were identified. The remaining items consisted of cnidarians, polychaetes, ophiuroids, plant material, sand, and unidentified organic debris. Results indicate that P. serratus is a predator of benthic invertebrates rather than a scavenger or detritus feeder. Diet composition changes with the size of the prawn.

scholarly journals Diel activity pattern of meso-carnivores in the suburban tropical dry evergreen forest of the Coromandel Coast, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 13960-13966
Author(s):  
Kangaraj Muthamizh Selvan ◽  
Bawa Mothilal Krishnakumar ◽  
Pasiyappazham Ramasamy ◽  
Thangadurai Thinesh
Keyword(s):  
Activity Pattern ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Breeding Ecology ◽  
Canis Aureus ◽  
Diel Activity Pattern ◽  
Diel Activity Patterns ◽  
Felis Chaus

Sympatric and similar body-sized species exhibit interspecific competition for resources.  The present study investigated diel activity of five meso-carnivore species (Canis aureus, Felis chaus, Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, Viverricula indica, and Herpestes edwardsii) in a human-dominated region of Auroville and around Pondicherry University using camera-trap survey data.  Diel activity pattern and overlap were estimated using the kernel density method.  The Jungle Cat Felis chaus and the Golden Jackal Canis aureus exhibited cathemeral diel activity with a high overlap between them (Δ̂1 = 0.78).  The Indian Grey Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii displayed a diurnal activity pattern and had low overlap with the Small Indian Civet Viverricula indica (Δ̂1 = 0.34).  Moderate overlap was found between the Small Indian Civet and the Palm Civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus (Δ̂1 = 0.32).  Therefore, diel activity patterns of mesocarnivores indicate inter- and intra-specific trade-off competition avoidance resulting in successful foraging.  The present camera-trap survey has provided insights into diel activity patterns and more attention is required to be paid to the study of feeding and breeding ecology of these species in human-dominated landscapes. 

scholarly journals Night of the hunter: using cameras to quantify nocturnal activity in desert spiders

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10684
Author(s):  
Tamara I. Potter ◽  
Aaron C. Greenville ◽  
Christopher R. Dickman
Keyword(s):  
Fire History ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Wolf Spiders ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Night Of The Hunter

Invertebrates dominate the animal world in terms of abundance, diversity and biomass, and play critical roles in maintaining ecosystem function. Despite their obvious importance, disproportionate research attention remains focused on vertebrates, with knowledge and understanding of invertebrate ecology still lacking. Due to their inherent advantages, usage of camera traps in ecology has risen dramatically over the last three decades, especially for research on mammals. However, few studies have used cameras to reliably detect fauna such as invertebrates or used cameras to examine specific aspects of invertebrate ecology. Previous research investigating the interaction between wolf spiders (Lycosidae: Lycosa spp.) and the lesser hairy-footed dunnart (Sminthopsis youngsoni) found that camera traps provide a viable method for examining temporal activity patterns and interactions between these species. Here, we re-examine lycosid activity to determine whether these patterns vary with different environmental conditions, specifically between burned and unburned habitats and the crests and bases of sand dunes, and whether cameras are able to detect other invertebrate fauna. Twenty-four cameras were deployed over a 3-month period in an arid region in central Australia, capturing 2,356 confirmed images of seven invertebrate taxa, including 155 time-lapse images of lycosids. Overall, there was no clear difference in temporal activity with respect to dune position or fire history, but twice as many lycosids were detected in unburned compared to burned areas. Despite some limitations, camera traps appear to have considerable utility as a tool for determining the diel activity patterns and habitat use of larger arthropods such as wolf spiders, and we recommend greater uptake in their usage in future.

Field and laboratory activity patterns in the burrowing wolf spider Geolycosa domifex (Hancock)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1263-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. McQueen ◽  
B. Culik
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Endogenous Rhythms ◽  
Laboratory Activity ◽  
Field Activity ◽  
Diel Activity Patterns ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Influence Activity

The major objectives of this study were to determine the amount of time that the burrowing wolf spider Geolycosa domifex spends engaged in various types of activity in both the laboratory and field, and to test the hypothesis that these animals exhibit diel activity patterns. Seven types of activity were common. In the field, activity patterns were monitored using photocells, and in the laboratory, closed-circuit television was used. In both the field and laboratory, no statistically significant diel patterns were observed. Similar results were obtained from a single individual which was intensively studied during six time periods monitored over a 1-month period. The conclusion is that diel light patterns, sudden changes in light intensity, or endogenous rhythms do not influence activity patterns in G. domifex. The average time spent in each type of activity was (a) 3.2 min/h resting at the burrow mouth, (b) 21.3 min/h resting in the top 4 cm of the burrow, (c) 30.5 min/h below 5 cm, (d) 2.2 min/h outside the burrow, and (e) 2.8 min/h active in the top 4 cm of the burrow.

Diverse Activity Rhythms in Sharks (Elasmobranchii)

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Kelly ◽  
Errol R. P. Murray ◽  
Caroline C. Kerr ◽  
Craig A. Radford ◽  
Shaun P. Collin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Spiny Dogfish ◽  
Activity Rhythms ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Circadian Organization ◽  
Galeorhinus Galeus ◽  
Port Jackson ◽  
Constant Dark

Sharks are an interesting group of vertebrates, as many species swim continuously to “ram” oxygen-rich seawater over their gills (ram ventilators), whereas other species “pump” seawater over their gills by manipulating buccal cavity volume while remaining motionless (buccal pumpers). This difference in respiratory physiology raises the question: What are the implications of these differences in lifestyle for circadian rhythms? We investigated the diel activity patterns of 5 species of sharks, including 3 ram ventilating species: the school shark ( Galeorhinus galeus), the spotted estuary smooth-hound ( Mustelus lenticulatus), and the spiny dogfish ( Squalus acanthias); and 2 buccal pumping species: the Port Jackson ( Heterodontus portusjacksoni) and draughtsboard ( Cephaloscyllium isabellum) sharks. We measured the amount, duration, and distance traveled while swimming over multiple days under a 12:12 light:dark light regime for all species and used modified light regimes for species with a clear diel rhythm in activity. We identified a surprising diversity of activity rhythms. The school shark and smooth-hound swam continuously; however, whereas the school shark swam at the same speed and covered the same distance during the day and night, the smooth-hound swam slower at night and traversed a shorter distance. A similar pattern was observed in the spiny dogfish, although this shark swam less overall. Both the Port Jackson and draughtsboard sharks showed a marked nocturnal preference for swimming. This pattern was muted and disrupted during constant light and constant dark regimes, although circadian organization of this pattern was maintained under certain conditions. The consequences of these patterns for other biological processes, such as sleep, remain unclear. Nonetheless, these 5 species demonstrate remarkable diversity within the activity rhythms of sharks.

Diel activity patterns of lake chubs and other fishes in a temperate stream

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1221-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Reebs ◽  
L. Boudreau ◽  
P. Hardie ◽  
R. A. Cunjak
Keyword(s):  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Diel Activity Pattern ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Rhinichthys Atratulus ◽  
Temperate Stream ◽  
Blacknose Dace ◽  
Couesius Plumbeus

Baited and unbaited minnow traps were set in Catamaran Brook and the Little Southwest Miramichi River, New Brunswick, and checked every 4 h to determine the diel activity pattern of four species of stream-dwelling fish (threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), juvenile white sucker (Catostomus commersoni), blacknose dace (Rhinichthys atratulus), and lake chub (Couesius plumbeus)). Secondary goals were to determine whether the presence of bait inside minnow traps affected the diel patterns of captures and to compare patterns of lake chub captures in minnow traps with movement through a nearby fish-counting fence. All fish except lake chubs were diurnal, although strict diurnality was less obvious when bait was present in the traps. Lake chubs, which are normally diurnal in the laboratory, were captured mostly near dawn or dusk in unbaited traps, throughout the day in baited traps, and mostly at night at the fish-counting fence. We infer that chubs are active mostly at dawn or dusk, except (i) when strong food cues are present, in which case their activity may extend into the day, and (ii) during the spawning migration, when they move mostly at night. Relative inactivity by chubs during the day may be caused by the presence of piscivorous birds such as kingfishers and common mergansers, whose hunting efficiency may be higher under brighter light.

scholarly journals Diel Activity Patterns of Two Distinct Populations of Aedes Aegypti in Miami, FL and Brownsville, TX

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John-Paul Mutebi ◽  
André Barretto Bruno Wilke ◽  
Erik Ostrum ◽  
Chalmers Vasquez ◽  
Gabriel Cardenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Diel Activity Pattern ◽  
Diel Activity Patterns ◽  
Southern Florida ◽  
Bg Sentinel ◽  
Sentinel 2

Abstract The diel biting activity of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L) populations was extensively investigated in the early 1900s to gain more information on the biology of Ae. aegypti, and this information was used to devise effective approaches to controlling populations of this species and protect the human population from widespread arbovirus outbreaks. However, few contemporary studies are available regarding the diel activity patterns of Ae. aegypti. To assess the diel activity patterns of Ae. aegypti in southern Florida and Texas, we conducted 96-hour uninterrupted mosquito collections once each month from May through November 2019 in Miami, Florida, and Brownsville, Texas, using BG-Sentinel 2 Traps. The overall diel activity pattern in both cities was bimodal with morning and evening peak activity between 7:00 and 8:00 and between 19:00 and 20:00. There were significant daily, monthly, seasonal, and site-specific differences in activity patterns, but these differences did not affect the overall peak activity times. These differences suggest daily, monthly, seasonal, and site-specific variations in human exposure to Ae. aegypti. Our observations can be used in planning and executing Ae. aegypti vector control activities in southern Florida and Texas, especially those targeting the adult mosquito populations.

scholarly journals Reconstruction scheme for excitatory and inhibitory dynamics with quenched disorder: application to zebrafish imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Chicchi ◽  
Gloria Cecchini ◽  
Ihusan Adam ◽  
Giuseppe de Vito ◽  
Roberto Livi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Information ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Light Sheet ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Inhibitory Neurons ◽  
Mean Field Approximation ◽  
Directed Network ◽  
Dynamical Regime ◽  
Power Law Distribution

AbstractAn inverse procedure is developed and tested to recover functional and structural information from global signals of brains activity. The method assumes a leaky-integrate and fire model with excitatory and inhibitory neurons, coupled via a directed network. Neurons are endowed with a heterogenous current value, which sets their associated dynamical regime. By making use of a heterogenous mean-field approximation, the method seeks to reconstructing from global activity patterns the distribution of in-coming degrees, for both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, as well as the distribution of the assigned currents. The proposed inverse scheme is first validated against synthetic data. Then, time-lapse acquisitions of a zebrafish larva recorded with a two-photon light sheet microscope are used as an input to the reconstruction algorithm. A power law distribution of the in-coming connectivity of the excitatory neurons is found. Local degree distributions are also computed by segmenting the whole brain in sub-regions traced from annotated atlas.

Activity patterns of wild Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus) in the northern piedmont of the Altun Mountains, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadong Xue ◽  
Diqiang Li ◽  
Wenfa Xiao ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Yuguang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Relative Activity ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Camelus Bactrianus ◽  
Diel Activity Patterns ◽  
Bactrian Camels

There are significant gaps in our knowledge of wild camel ecology; especially the activity patterns that allow them to adapt to desert environments. The wild Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) is a critically endangered species that survives in the extreme desert conditions of Central Asia. We conducted camera trapping surveys at seven watering sites in the northern piedmont of the Altun Mountains from 2010 to 2012. We analyzed the frequency of photo-captures to elucidate the wild camels’ diel activity patterns, and the seasonal variation in their activity at watering sites. We found that these wild camels were predominantly diurnal at watering sites, with an increase in relative activity from sunrise, reaching a peak toward midday, and then gradually decreasing in activity until sunset. The camels visited watering sites more often in winter than in summer. These results provide a guide for water development in the conservation of ungulates in arid areas.

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