Clinical, Immunologic, and Virologic Observations Related to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Infection in a Volunteer in an HIV-1 Vaccine Clinical Trial

1995 ◽  
Vol 171 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Kahn ◽  
K. S. Steimer ◽  
J. Baenziger ◽  
A.-M. Duliege ◽  
M. Feinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Vaccine Clinical Trial ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Membrane-Anchored Peptide Inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus Entry

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 3038-3042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Hildinger ◽  
Matthias T. Dittmar ◽  
Patricia Schult-Dietrich ◽  
Boris Fehse ◽  
Barbara S. Schnierle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Retrovirus Vector ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Entry ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Heptad Repeats ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Gp41 Envelope

ABSTRACT Peptides derived from the heptad repeats of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp41 envelope glycoprotein, such as T20, can efficiently inhibit HIV type 1 (HIV-1) entry. In this study, replication of HIV-1 was inhibited more than 100-fold in a T-helper cell line transduced with a retrovirus vector expressing membrane-anchored T20 on the cell surface. Inhibition was independent of coreceptor usage.

scholarly journals Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Viral Genotype on Mother‐to‐Child Transmission of HIV‐1

2000 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 746-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie C. M. Murray ◽  
Joanne E. Embree ◽  
Sue G. Ramdahin ◽  
Aggrey O. Anzala ◽  
Simon Njenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Viral Genotype ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv 1

Cell-Mediated Immune Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 in Seronegative Homosexual Men with Recent Sexual Exposure to HIV-1

1992 ◽  
Vol 165 (6) ◽  
pp. 1012-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Clerici ◽  
Janis V. Giorgi ◽  
Chen-Cheng Chou ◽  
Vaheideh K. Gudeman ◽  
Jerome A. Zack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Persistence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 DNA in Peripheral Blood Despite Prolonged Suppression of Plasma HIV‐1 RNA in Children

2002 ◽  
Vol 185 (10) ◽  
pp. 1409-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiko Saitoh ◽  
Karen Hsia ◽  
Terence Fenton ◽  
Christine A. Powell ◽  
Cindy Christopherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Induced GRO-α Production Stimulates HIV-1 Replication in Macrophages and T Lymphocytes

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (13) ◽  
pp. 5812-5822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Lane ◽  
Robert M. Strieter ◽  
Michael J. Coffey ◽  
David M. Markovitz
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Chemokine Production ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Early Effects ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT We examined the early effects of infection by CCR5-using (R5 human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) and CXCR4-using (X4 HIV) strains of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) on chemokine production by primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). While R5 HIV, but not X4 HIV, replicated in MDM, we found that the production of the C-X-C chemokine growth-regulated oncogene alpha (GRO-α) was markedly stimulated by X4 HIV and, to a much lesser extent, by R5 HIV. HIV-1 gp120 engagement of CXCR4 initiated the stimulation of GRO-α production, an effect blocked by antibodies to CXCR4. GRO-α then fed back and stimulated HIV-1 replication in both MDM and lymphocytes, and antibodies that neutralize GRO-α or CXCR2 (the receptor for GRO-α) markedly reduced viral replication in MDM and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Therefore, activation of MDM by HIV-1 gp120 engagement of CXCR4 initiates an autocrine-paracrine loop that may be important in disease progression after the emergence of X4 HIV.

scholarly journals Production of a Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine Containing Inactivated Autologous Virus for Therapy of Patients with Chronic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa L. Whiteside ◽  
Paolo Piazza ◽  
Amanda Reiter ◽  
Joanna Stanson ◽  
Nancy C. Connolly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Endogenous Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT In preparation for a pilot clinical trial in patients with chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, a novel dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine is being manufactured. The trial will test the hypothesis that isolated endogenous virus presented by DCs serves as a potent immunogen for activation of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells specific for a broad range of autologous HIV-1 antigens. Production of the vaccine under good manufacture practice conditions involves (i) autologous virus isolation; (ii) superinfection of CD4+ T cells with the virus; (iii) inactivation of the virus in CD4+ T cells, T-cell apoptosis, and coincubation of T cells with autologous DCs; and (iv) product testing and release. Endogenous virus was isolated from peripheral blood-derived CD4+ T cells of three HIV-1-positive subjects by coincubation with autologous OKT-3-stimulated CD4+ T cells. CD4+ T-cell supernatants were tested for p24 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (>25 ng/ml) and for the 50% tissue culture infective doses (TCID50; which ranged from 4,642 to 46,416/ml on day 19 of culture). Autologous CD4+ T cells that were separated on immunobeads (>95% purity) and superinfected with virus-expressed p24 (28 to 54%) had TCID50 of >400/ml on days 5 to 10. Virus inactivation with psoralen (20 μg/ml) and UVB irradiation (312 nm) reduced the TCID50 of the supernatants from 199,986 to 11/ml (>99%). 7-Amino-actinomycin D-positive, annexin V-positive CD4+ T cells were fed to autologous DCs generated by using the Elutra cell separation system and the Aastrom system. Flow analysis showed that DC loading was complete in 24 h. On the basis of these translational results and experience with the generation of DCs from HIV-1-infected patients in a previous clinical trial, the Investigational New Drug application for clinical vaccination was submitted and approved by the FDA (application no. BB-IND-13137).

scholarly journals Strong Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Activity in Sydney Blood Bank Cohort Patients Infected with nef-Defective HIV Type 1

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 436-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne B. Dyer ◽  
Graham S. Ogg ◽  
Marie-Ange Demoitie ◽  
Xia Jin ◽  
Andrew F. Geczy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Specific Ctls ◽  
Sydney Blood Bank Cohort ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Ctl Responses

ABSTRACT Proposals for the use of live attenuated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) as a vaccine candidate in humans have been based on the protection afforded by attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus in the macaque model. Although it is not yet known if this strategy could succeed in humans, a study of the Sydney Blood Bank Cohort (SBBC), infected with an attenuated HIV-1 quasispecies with natural nef and nef/long terminal repeat deletions for up to 17 years, could provide insights into the long-term immunological consequences of living with an attenuated HIV-1 infection. In this study, HIV-specific cytoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses in an SBBC donor and six recipients were examined over a 3-year period with enzyme-linked immunospot, tetrameric complex binding, direct CTL lysis, and CTL precursor level techniques. Strong HIV-specific CTL responses were detected in four of seven patients, including one patient with an undetectable viral load. Two of seven patients had weak CTL responses, and in one recipient, no HIV-specific CTLs were detected. High levels of circulating effector and memory HIV-specific CTLs can be maintained for prolonged periods in these patients despite very low viral loads.

scholarly journals Impact of Protease Polymorphisms and Viral Fitness on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Viremia in Untreated HIV‐1 Infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 185 (12) ◽  
pp. 1844-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Märki ◽  
Gilbert R. Kaufmann ◽  
Manuel Battegay ◽  
Thomas Klimkait ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Fitness ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Hiv 1
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