Membrane-Anchored Peptide Inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus Entry

ABSTRACT Peptides derived from the heptad repeats of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp41 envelope glycoprotein, such as T20, can efficiently inhibit HIV type 1 (HIV-1) entry. In this study, replication of HIV-1 was inhibited more than 100-fold in a T-helper cell line transduced with a retrovirus vector expressing membrane-anchored T20 on the cell surface. Inhibition was independent of coreceptor usage.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 envelope subtypes A and D on disease progression in a large cohort of HIV-1-positive persons in Uganda.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1006121.76307 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

William Evan Secor

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Disease Progression ◽

Large Cohort ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv Type 1 ◽

Hiv 1

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Evades T-Helper Responses by Exploiting Antibodies That Suppress Antigen Processing

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.78.14.7645-7652.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 78 (14) ◽

pp. 7645-7652 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Peter C. Chien ◽

Sandra Cohen ◽

Michael Tuen ◽

James Arthos ◽

Pei-de Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

T Cells ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽

Virus Type ◽

Antigen Processing ◽

T Helper ◽

Peptide Epitopes ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv 1

ABSTRACT T-helper responses are important for controlling chronic viral infections, yet T-helper responses specific to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), particularly to envelope glycoproteins, are lacking in the vast majority of HIV-infected individuals. It was previously shown that the presence of antibodies to the CD4-binding domain (CD4bd) of HIV-1 glycoprotein 120 (gp120) prevents T-helper responses to gp120, but their suppressive mechanisms were undefined (C. E. Hioe et al., J. Virol. 75:10950-10957, 2001). The present study demonstrates that gp120, when complexed to anti-CD4bd antibodies, becomes more resistant to proteolysis by lysosomal enzymes from antigen-presenting cells such that peptide epitopes are not released and presented efficiently by major histocompatibility complex class II molecules to gp120-specific CD4 T cells. Antibodies to other gp120 regions do not confer this effect. Thus, HIV may evade anti-viral T-helper responses by inducing and exploiting antibodies that conceal the virus envelope antigens from T cells.

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Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Viral Genotype on Mother‐to‐Child Transmission of HIV‐1

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1086/315252 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 181 (2) ◽

pp. 746-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Melanie C. M. Murray ◽

Joanne E. Embree ◽

Sue G. Ramdahin ◽

Aggrey O. Anzala ◽

Simon Njenga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Viral Genotype ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv Type 1 ◽

Mother To Child ◽

Hiv 1

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Cell-Mediated Immune Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 in Seronegative Homosexual Men with Recent Sexual Exposure to HIV-1

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/165.6.1012 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 165 (6) ◽

pp. 1012-1019 ◽

Cited By ~ 256

Author(s):

Mario Clerici ◽

Janis V. Giorgi ◽

Chen-Cheng Chou ◽

Vaheideh K. Gudeman ◽

Jerome A. Zack ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Homosexual Men ◽

Cell Mediated Immune Response ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv Type 1 ◽

Hiv 1

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Persistence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 DNA in Peripheral Blood Despite Prolonged Suppression of Plasma HIV‐1 RNA in Children

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1086/340614 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 185 (10) ◽

pp. 1409-1416 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Akihiko Saitoh ◽

Karen Hsia ◽

Terence Fenton ◽

Christine A. Powell ◽

Cindy Christopherson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv Type 1 ◽

Hiv 1

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Induced GRO-α Production Stimulates HIV-1 Replication in Macrophages and T Lymphocytes

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.75.13.5812-5822.2001 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 75 (13) ◽

pp. 5812-5822 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Brian R. Lane ◽

Robert M. Strieter ◽

Michael J. Coffey ◽

David M. Markovitz

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Human Monocyte ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Chemokine Production ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv Type 1 ◽

Early Effects ◽

Hiv 1

ABSTRACT We examined the early effects of infection by CCR5-using (R5 human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) and CXCR4-using (X4 HIV) strains of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) on chemokine production by primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). While R5 HIV, but not X4 HIV, replicated in MDM, we found that the production of the C-X-C chemokine growth-regulated oncogene alpha (GRO-α) was markedly stimulated by X4 HIV and, to a much lesser extent, by R5 HIV. HIV-1 gp120 engagement of CXCR4 initiated the stimulation of GRO-α production, an effect blocked by antibodies to CXCR4. GRO-α then fed back and stimulated HIV-1 replication in both MDM and lymphocytes, and antibodies that neutralize GRO-α or CXCR2 (the receptor for GRO-α) markedly reduced viral replication in MDM and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Therefore, activation of MDM by HIV-1 gp120 engagement of CXCR4 initiates an autocrine-paracrine loop that may be important in disease progression after the emergence of X4 HIV.

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Strong Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Activity in Sydney Blood Bank Cohort Patients Infected with nef-Defective HIV Type 1

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.73.1.436-443.1999 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 436-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

Wayne B. Dyer ◽

Graham S. Ogg ◽

Marie-Ange Demoitie ◽

Xia Jin ◽

Andrew F. Geczy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

T Lymphocyte ◽

Blood Bank ◽

Specific Ctls ◽

Sydney Blood Bank Cohort ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Hiv Type 1 ◽

Hiv 1 ◽

Ctl Responses

ABSTRACT Proposals for the use of live attenuated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) as a vaccine candidate in humans have been based on the protection afforded by attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus in the macaque model. Although it is not yet known if this strategy could succeed in humans, a study of the Sydney Blood Bank Cohort (SBBC), infected with an attenuated HIV-1 quasispecies with natural nef and nef/long terminal repeat deletions for up to 17 years, could provide insights into the long-term immunological consequences of living with an attenuated HIV-1 infection. In this study, HIV-specific cytoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses in an SBBC donor and six recipients were examined over a 3-year period with enzyme-linked immunospot, tetrameric complex binding, direct CTL lysis, and CTL precursor level techniques. Strong HIV-specific CTL responses were detected in four of seven patients, including one patient with an undetectable viral load. Two of seven patients had weak CTL responses, and in one recipient, no HIV-specific CTLs were detected. High levels of circulating effector and memory HIV-specific CTLs can be maintained for prolonged periods in these patients despite very low viral loads.

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