scholarly journals Cluster of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections Linked to Music Clubs in Osaka, Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (10) ◽  
pp. 1635-1640
Author(s):  
Nobuhiko Sugano ◽  
Wataru Ando ◽  
Wakaba Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Secondary Transmission ◽  
Live Music ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Index Cases ◽  
Epidemiological Information

Abstract Background It is important to understand the mode of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) for disease control. We aimed to clarify how soon SARS-CoV-2 transmission can occur after infection by asymptomatically infected individuals. Methods We analyzed the publicly available epidemiological information for a cluster of 108 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in Osaka, Japan. Results Among cases, 51 cases attended a live music club only once and were considered to have a single visit. Ten remained asymptomatic at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, which was on average 20 days after exposure. Three routes of secondary transmission were identified, with 2–4 days from infection to transmission. All index cases for secondary transmission were asymptomatic at the time of contact with other people. Based on the date of symptom onset in the remaining 41 cases, the period from exposure to illness ranged from 2 to 17 days. Conclusions Seemingly healthy people could spread SARS-CoV-2 during intense activities in enclosed environments without sufficient ventilation. Asymptomatically infected persons can transmit the virus as soon as 2 days after infection. Continuous efforts to avoid crowding and to maintain personal hygiene are needed for effective control of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Concomitant Marked Decline in Prevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Other Respiratory Viruses Among Symptomatic Patients Following Public Health Interventions in Australia: Data from St Vincent’s Hospital and Associated Screening Clinics, Sydney, NSW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Marriott ◽  
Rohan Beresford ◽  
Feras Mirdad ◽  
Damien Stark ◽  
Allan Glanville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Marked Decline ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Australian Hospital

Abstract Our Australian hospital tested almost 22 000 symptomatic people over 11 weeks for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Following travel bans and physical distancing, SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses diagnoses fell dramatically. Increasing rhinovirus diagnoses as social control measures were relaxed may indirectly indicate an elevated risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resurgence.

scholarly journals Severity assessment of single-dose Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccinated individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Southeast Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 220-226
Author(s):  
Eaftekhar Ahmed Rana ◽  
Pronesh Dutta ◽  
Md. Sirazul Islam ◽  
Tanvir Ahmad Nizami ◽  
Tridip Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Infection Period ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Taste And Smell

Background and Aim: A vaccine program for coronavirus illness (coronavirus disease [COVID-19]) is currently underway in numerous regions of the world, including Bangladesh, but no health data on those who have been vaccinated are available at this time. The study aimed to investigate the health condition of people who had received their first dose of the Oxford- AstraZeneca vaccine and were infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Materials and Methods: To detect SARS-CoV-2, a standard virological approach, real-time reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), was used. Several health indicators from vaccinated patients were collected using pre-structured questionnaires during the infection phase. Results: A total of 6146 suspicious samples were analyzed, and 1752 were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2, with 200 people receiving the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. One hundred and sixty-five (82.5%) were not hospitalized among the vaccinated people, and 177 (88.5%) did not have any respiratory problems. Only 8% of patients required further oxygen support, and 199 (99.5%) did not require intensive care unit intervention. Overall, oxygen saturation was recorded at around 96.8% and respiratory difficulties did not extend more than 5 days during the infection period. Among the vaccinated COVID-19-positive people, 113 (56.5%) and 111 (55.5%) had typical physiological taste and smell. Surprisingly, 129 (64.5%) people had diverse comorbidities, with high blood pressure (27.9%) and diabetes (32 [24.8%]) being the most common. The major conclusion of the current study was that 199 (99.5%) of vaccinated patients survived in good health and tested negative for RT-qPCR. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, administering the first dose of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine considerably reduces health risks during the COVID-19 infection period.

scholarly journals Prolonged severe acute respiratory syndrome of Corona Virus-2 positive with polymerase chain reaction: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-301
Author(s):  
Linda Rosita ◽  
Rahma Yuantari ◽  
Budi Mulyono ◽  
Umi Solekhah Intansari ◽  
Ingesti Bilkis Zulfatina
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as a Potential Point of Care Laboratory Test for Leprosy Diagnosis—A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma Tatipally ◽  
Aparna Srikantam ◽  
Sanjay Kasetty
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Review Analysis ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Early Case ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and mainly affects skin, peripheral nerves, and eyes. Suitable tools for providing bacteriological evidence of leprosy are needed for early case detection and appropriate therapeutic management. Ideally these tools are applicable at all health care levels for the effective control of leprosy. This paper presents a systematic review analysis in order to investigate the performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) vis-à-vis slit skin smears (SSS) in various clinical settings and its potential usefulness as a routine lab test for leprosy diagnosis. Records of published journal articles were identified through PubMed database search. Twenty-seven articles were included for the analysis. The evidence from this review analysis suggests that PCR on skin biopsy is the ideal diagnostic test. Nevertheless, PCR on SSS samples also seems to be useful with its practical value for application, even at primary care levels. The review findings also indicated the necessity for improving the sensitivity of PCR and further research on specificity in ruling out other clinical conditions that may mimic leprosy. The M. leprae-specific repetitive element (RLEP) was the most frequently-used marker although its variable performance across the clinical sites and samples are a matter of concern. Undertaking further research studies with large sample numbers and uniform protocols studied simultaneously across multiple clinical sites is recommended to address these issues.

scholarly journals Medical Transport for 769 COVID-19 Patients on a Cruise Ship by Japan Disaster Medical Assistance Team

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Anan ◽  
Hisayoshi Kondo ◽  
Ichiro Takeuchi ◽  
Tomoki Nakamori ◽  
Yu Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Medical Transport ◽  
Polymerase Chain

ABSTRACT The Diamond Princess cruise ship, carrying 3711 passengers and crew members, docked at Yokohama Port in Japan on February 3, 2020. A quarantine was immediately instituted because 1 passenger who had disembarked in Hong Kong was confirmed to have tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). After the quarantine began, all passengers and crew were tested using the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction assay on the ship, 696 of whom tested positive. In total, 769 patients, including 696 with COVID-19, required transport to a hospital. The Japan Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) successfully picked up and safely transported the COVID-19 patients using a novel classification system to prioritize patients. The Japan DMAT transported 203 patients to hospitals in Kanagawa and another 566 patients to hospitals in 15 different prefectures.

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