scholarly journals In-vitro pharmacodynamic simulation of clavulanic acid concentrations: effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae beta- lactamase activity

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Martin ◽  
L. Aguilar ◽  
I. P. Balcabao ◽  
M. L. Gomez-Lus ◽  
R. Dal-Re ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Beta Lactamase

scholarly journals In vitro assessment of the effect of clavulanic acid at concentrations achieved in human serum on the bactericidal activity of amoxicillin at physiological concentrations against Staphylococcus aureus: implications for dosage regimens.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1403-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Aguilar ◽  
M Martín ◽  
I P Balcabao ◽  
M L Gómez-Lus ◽  
R Dal-Ré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Postantibiotic Effect ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Dosage Regimens ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Assessment

The effects on Staphylococcus aureus viability and beta-lactamase activity of concentrations that simulated those in human serum after a combined dose of 875 mg of amoxicillin and 125 mg of clavulanic acid were studied in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model. Six hours of preexposure to concentrations of the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination that were higher than the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid MIC led to a reduction of the initial inoculum of >90% and to a significant decrease of beta-lactamase activity versus those of the control even from 6 h, when concentrations were subinhibitory. The postantibiotic effect and post-beta-lactamase inhibitor effect contributed to these results.

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
Charles M. Ginsburg ◽  
John D. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

We do not disagree with the recommendations of Drs Fischer, Bass, and Arthur for treating hospitalized patients with pneumonia. They might have mentioned, additionally, the possible utility of cefamandole as an alternative to a penicillinase-resistant penicillin plus chloramphenicol for hospitalized infants with presumed bacterial pneumonia. We are currently evaluating cefuroxime, which has a similar in vitro spectrum, and are finding it effective in patients with pneumonia due to Haemophilus influenzae type b, pneumococci and Staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Beta-lactamase detection in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolated from bovine mastitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno F. Robles ◽  
Diego B. Nóbrega ◽  
Felipe F. Guimarães ◽  
Guido G. Wanderley ◽  
H. Langoni
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin ◽  
Phenotypic Tests ◽  
Leaf Test

The objectives of the study were to evaluate the presence/production of beta-lactamases by both phenotypic and genotypic methods, verify whether results are dependent of bacteria type (Staphylococcus aureus versus coagulase-negative Staphylococcus - CNS) and verify the agreement between tests. A total of 200 bacteria samples from 21 different herds were enrolled, being 100 CNS and 100 S. aureus. Beta-lactamase presence/detection was performed by different tests (PCR, clover leaf test - CLT, Nitrocefin disk, and in vitro resistance to penicillin). Results of all tests were not dependent of bacteria type (CNS or S. aureus). Several S. aureus beta-lactamase producing isolates were from the same herd. Phenotypic tests excluding in vitro resistance to penicillin showed a strong association measured by the kappa coefficient for both bacteria species. Nitrocefin and CLT are more reliable tests for detecting beta-lactamase production in staphylococci.

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