Disinfection of Rigid Nasal Endoscopes Following In Vitro Contamination With Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Haemophilus influenzaeDisinfecting Contaminated Rigid Nasal Endoscopes

We sought to investigate the prevalence of potentially pathogenic bacteria in secretions and tonsillar tissues of children with chronic adenotonsillitis hypertrophy compared to controls. Prospective case-control study comparing patients between 2 and 12 years old who underwent adenotonsillectomy due to chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy to children without disease. We compared detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Moraxella catarrhalis by real-time PCR in palatine tonsils, adenoids, and nasopharyngeal washes obtained from 37 children with and 14 without adenotonsillar hypertrophy. We found high frequency (>50%) of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in both groups of patients. Although different sampling sites can be infected with more than one bacterium and some bacteria can be detected in different tissues in the same patient, adenoids, palatine tonsils, and nasopharyngeal washes were not uniformly infected by the same bacteria. Adenoids and palatine tonsils of patients with severe adenotonsillar hypertrophy had higher rates of bacterial coinfection. There was good correlation of detection of Moraxella catarrhalis in different sampling sites in patients with more severe tonsillar hypertrophy, suggesting that Moraxella catarrhalis may be associated with the development of more severe hypertrophy, that inflammatory conditions favor colonization by this agent. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are frequently detected in palatine tonsils, adenoids, and nasopharyngeal washes in children. Simultaneous detection of Moraxella catarrhalis in adenoids, palatine tonsils, and nasopharyngeal washes was correlated with more severe tonsillar hypertrophy.

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Một số đặc điểm kháng kháng sinh nhóm Beta-lactam của vi khuẩn tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Quốc tế Hải Phòng, năm 2018 - 2020

Tạp chí Y học Dự phòng ◽

10.51403/0868-2836/2021/347 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 25-31

Author(s):

Nguyễn Thị Thu Phương ◽

Trần Thị Ngân ◽

Ngô Thị Quỳnh Mai

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

Beta Lactam

Nghiên cứu đã tiến hành phân tích kết quả xét nghiệm của 4722 mẫu bệnh phẩm vi sinh tại bệnh viện Đa khoa Quốc tế Hải Phòng từ năm 2018 đến năm 2020 nhằm mô tả một số đặc điểm kháng kháng sinh nhóm beta-lactam của một số vi khuẩn điển hình. Qua phân tích nhóm nghiên cứu thấy các vi khuẩn chủ yếu phân lập được là Escherichia coli (26,2%), Staphylococcus aureus (12,5%), và Haemophilus inﬂuenzae (8,6%). Vi khuẩn Escherichia coli kháng kháng sinh nhóm Beta-lactam với tỷ lệ khá cao (từ 1% (Imipenem) đến 29% (cefuroxime)). Tuy nhiên, vi khuẩn Streptococcus pneumoniae còn nhạy cảm với nhóm kháng sinh này với tỷ lệ kháng là 0%. Cefuroxime là kháng sinh có tỷ lệ bị kháng cao nhất với 42,7%. Các chủngvi khuẩn tại bệnh viện còn khá nhạy cảm với các kháng sinh thuộc nhóm carbapenem với tỷ lệ kháng thấp. Trong đó vi khuẩn là Acinetobacter baumannii và Pseudomonas aeruginosa có tỉ lệ kháng kháng sinh nhóm này từ 4,2% đến 5,2%. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã cung cấp dữ liệu về tính đề kháng kháng sinh betalactam của các vi khuẩn điển hình tại bệnh viện nhằm hỗ trợ các bác sĩ trong việc lựa chọn và sử dụng kháng sinh an toàn và hiệu quả

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PNEUMONIA BACTERIANA: ASPECTOS EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS, FISIOPATOLOGIA E AVANÇOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO

Revista de Investigação Biomédica ◽

10.24863/rib.v10i1.211 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 83 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raissa Guará Assunção ◽

Wellison Amorim Pereira ◽

Afonso Gomes Abreu

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Acinetobacter Spp

A pneumonia é uma doença infecciosa que atinge os alvéolos pulmonares, ocasionada, principalmente, por bactérias, vírus, fungos e parasitas. Dentre as principais bactérias, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus e as do grupo das Gram-negativas não fermentadoras de glicose, a exemplo de Acinetobacter spp. e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, são as mais isoladas. Estima-se que 450 milhões de casos de pneumonia ocorram por ano em todo o mundo e o Brasil é protagonista na lista dos países com maior número de casos. Pacientes que fazem uso de ventilação mecânica têm até 21 vezes mais chances de desenvolver a doença e 20% daqueles que utilizam a técnica por mais de 48 horas desenvolverão a infecção. Desta forma, esta revisão teve por objetivo fazer uma avaliação crítica sistematizada da literatura sobre a doença, aspectos epidemiológicos, fisiopatologia e avanços no diagnóstico. Este estudo observou que houve uma evolução nos métodos de diagnóstico, resultando na diminuição expressiva do número de mortes. No entanto, para que a queda no número de acometidos se mantenha, a correta prescrição e utilização da antibioticoterapia são imprescindíveis.

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In Vitro Activities of ABT-492, a New Fluoroquinolone, against 155 Aerobic and 171 Anaerobic Pathogens Isolated from Antral Sinus Puncture Specimens from Patients with Sinusitis

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.47.9.3008-3011.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 47 (9) ◽

pp. 3008-3011 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽

Diane M. Citron ◽

C. Vreni Merriam ◽

Yumi A. Warren ◽

Kerin L. Tyrrell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Resistant Strains ◽

Aerobic And Anaerobic

ABSTRACT ABT-492 exhibited excellent in vitro activities against all 326 aerobic and anaerobic antral puncture sinus isolates tested with MICs (in micrograms per milliliter) at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited as follows: Haemophilus influenzae, 0.001; Moraxella catarrhalis, 0.008; and Streptococcus pneumoniae, 0.015. It was four- to sixfold more active than other fluoroquinolones, including against levofloxacin-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Prevotella species.

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Comparative In Vitro Activities of Nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a Novel Nonfluorinated Quinolone, and Other Quinolones against Clinical Isolates

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01197-09 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 1338-1342 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Tsai-Ling Lauderdale ◽

Yih-Ru Shiau ◽

Jui-Fen Lai ◽

Hua-Chien Chen ◽

Chi-Hsin R. King

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Better Than

ABSTRACT The in vitro antibacterial activities of nemonoxacin (TG-873870), a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against 770 clinical isolates were investigated. Nemonoxacin (tested as its malate salt, TG-875649) showed better in vitro activity than ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against different species of staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Haemophilus influenzae. The in vitro activity of TG-875649 was also comparable to or better than that of moxifloxacin against these pathogens, which included ciprofloxacin-resistant, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.

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Levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin In Vitro Activities against 4,003 Clinical Bacterial Isolates Collected in 24 Italian Laboratories

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.47.2.816-819.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 816-819 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Giovanni Pietro Gesu ◽

Federico Marchetti ◽

Laura Piccoli ◽

Annalisa Cavallero

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

In Vitro Susceptibility

ABSTRACT Levofloxacin showed comparable in vitro susceptibility to ciprofloxacin among Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococci, and Staphylococcus aureus, while greater susceptibility was observed in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Staphylococcus epidermidis, mainly when oxacillin resistant. The susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to levofloxacin reached 99%.

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In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Mometasone Furoate, Fluticasone Propionate and Fluticasone Furoate Nasal Preparations Against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli

Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.32412/pjohns.v25i1.649 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 13-16

Author(s):

Philip Lance A. Liu ◽

Rose Lou Marie C. Agbay ◽

Samantha S. Castañeda

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Fluticasone Propionate ◽

Mometasone Furoate ◽

Fluticasone Furoate ◽

E Coli ◽

Inhibition Zones

Objective: To test the antibacterial properties of three commercially available nasal corticosteroid preparations containing Mometasone Furoate (MF), Fluticasone Propionate (FP) and Fluticasone Furoate (FF) against S. pneumoniae, S. viridans, S. aureus, H. influenza, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. Methods: Study Design: Experimental in vitro study using the disc diffusion method. Clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli were inoculated on separate plates. 0.15 ml of nasal corticosteroid preparations containing MF, FP and FF were applied to blank paper discs, then placed on the plates, including an empty disc. Following 24 and 48 hours of incubation, the inhibition zones were measured to the nearest mm from the point of abrupt inhibition of growth. Results: After 24 and 48 hours of incubation, S. pneumoniae, S. viridans, and S. aureus showed inhibition zones to all three preparations. S. aureus and S. viridans show the largest zones of inhibition at 24 and 48 hours respectively. H. influenza, P. aeruginosa and E. coli were negative. The inhibition zones of each bacteria were shown to be statistically different. The preparation containing FP had the largest zone of inhibition at 24 and 48 hours, although post hoc tests showed their difference was not significant. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates possible antimicrobial properties of commercially-available nasal corticosteroid preparations. However, it is unclear whether these can be attributed to the steroids, their excipients, or both. Further studies testing each component may offer better insights into their therapeutic use. Keywords: Mometasone Furoate, Fluticasone Propionate, Fluticasone Furoate, Antibacterial, Nasal Corticosteroids, Allergic Rhinitis, Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis

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Frequency of Spontaneous Resistance to Peptide Deformylase Inhibitor GSK1322322 in Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus pneumoniae

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00484-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 59 (8) ◽

pp. 4644-4652 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sharon Min ◽

Karen Ingraham ◽

Jianzhong Huang ◽

Lynn McCloskey ◽

Sarah Rilling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Haemophilus Influenzae ◽

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Peptide Deformylase ◽

Missense Mutations ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

Content Type

ABSTRACTThe continuous emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria is compromising the successful treatment of serious microbial infections. GSK1322322, a novel peptide deformylase (PDF) inhibitor, shows goodin vitroantibacterial activity and has demonstrated safety and efficacy in human proof-of-concept clinical studies.In vitrostudies were performed to determine the frequency of resistance (FoR) to this antimicrobial agent in major pathogens that cause respiratory tract and skin infections. Resistance to GSK1322322 occurred at high frequency through loss-of-function mutations in the formyl-methionyl transferase (FMT) protein inStaphylococcus aureus(4/4 strains) andStreptococcus pyogenes(4/4 strains) and via missense mutations inStreptococcus pneumoniae(6/21 strains), but the mutations were associated with severein vitroand/orin vivofitness costs. The overall FoR to GSK1322322 was very low inHaemophilus influenzae, with only one PDF mutant being identified in one of four strains. No target-based mutants were identified fromS. pyogenes, and only one or no PDF mutants were isolated in three of the fourS. aureusstrains studied. InS. pneumoniae, PDF mutants were isolated from only six of 21 strains tested; an additional 10 strains did not yield colonies on GSK1322322-containing plates. Most of the PDF mutants characterized from those three organisms (35/37 mutants) carried mutations in residues at or in close proximity to one of three highly conserved motifs that are part of the active site of the PDF protein, with 30 of the 35 mutations occurring at position V71 (using theS. pneumoniaenumbering system).

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ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA IN VITRO DO EXTRATO AQUOSO, HIDROALCOÓLICO E ALCOÓLICO DE FOLHAS DE ESPÉCIES DA FAMÍLIA LAMIACEAE

Revista Prevenção de Infecção e Saúde ◽

10.26694/repis.v4i0.7072 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Karlynne Freire Mendonça ◽

José Klauber Roger Carneiro ◽

Maria Auxiliadora Silva Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Mentha Arvensis ◽

Ocimum Gratissimum ◽

Mueller Hinton ◽

Plectranthus Amboinicus

Objetivos: avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana em extrato aquoso, hidroalcoólico e alcoólico das folhas de espécies da família Lamiaceae frente a bactérias de interesse. Método: Foram escolhidas quatro espécies: Ocimum gratissimum, Plectranthus amboinicus, Mentha arvensis e Plectranthus barbatus. A partir das folhas foram confeccionados os extratos aquoso, hidroalcoólico e alcoólico nas concentrações 100mg/mL, 50mg/mL e 25mg/mL. Foram selecionadas as bactérias Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa para os ensaios de antibiose em Ágar Mueller-Hinton. Resultados: P. barbatus, em seu extrato hidroalcoólico mostrou ativo nas três concentrações para bactéria S. aureus, e ainda foi ativo para P. aeruginosa, demonstrando no extrato alcoólico atividade frente as bactérias. Para M. arvensis e P. amboinicus, seus extratos hidroalcoólico e alcoólico apresentaram atividade para S. aureus. Conclusão: Sugere-se que as espécies em questão apresentem boa atividade antimicrobiana, sendo necessária a realização de mais estudos para melhor entender esse mecanismo.

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