Performance of Apple Maggot Traps in Various Apple Tree Canopy Positions12

1975 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Reissig
Keyword(s):  
Apple Tree ◽  
Tree Canopy

Hyperspectral Evaluation of SPAD Value of Apple Tree Canopy Based on Continuum-Removed Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 023001 ◽  
Author(s):  
韩兆迎 Han Zhaoying ◽  
朱西存 Zhu Xicun ◽  
王凌 Wang Ling ◽  
赵庚星 Zhao Gengxing
Keyword(s):  
Apple Tree ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Spad Value

Apple tree canopy development and photosynthesis as affected by rootstock

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ido Schechter ◽  
D. C. Elfving ◽  
J. T. A. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Hemispherical Photography ◽  
Canopy Development ◽  
Leaf Type ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh

Trees of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) with 'Starkspur Supreme Delicious' as the scion grafted on nine different rootstocks (Ottawa 3, M.7 EMLA, M.9 EMLA, M.26 EMLA, M.27 EMLA, M.9, MAC-9, MAC-24, OAR 1) were studied in their 8th and 9th years. Canopy seasonal development and its light interception followed by fisheye (hemispherical) photography showed that rootstock affected the amount of structural wood, the rate of canopy development, and final leaf area. However, rootstock did not affect the sigmoidal pattern of canopy development. Light interception was linearly correlated with tree dimensions and yield. Leaf net photosynthesis (Pn) of trees on dwarfing rootstocks tended to be lower than Pn rates of trees on more vigorous rootstocks. Rootstock did not affect the scion Pn response to different illumination levels. Shoot leaves, spur leaves on spurs without fruit (S − F), and spur leaves on spurs with fruit (S + F) from trees on M.26 EMLA and OAR 1 showed no differences in Pn rates. However, for both rootstocks, shoot leaves had the highest Pn rate, S + F the lowest, and S − F leaves had intermediate values. Key words: light interception, fisheye photography, leaf type.

scholarly journals Effect of Daytime and Tree Canopy Height on Sampling of Cacopsylla melanoneura, a ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ Vector

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Barthel ◽  
Christine Kerschbamer ◽  
Bernd Panassiti ◽  
Igor Malenovský ◽  
Katrin Janik
Keyword(s):  
Apple Tree ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Apple Proliferation ◽  
Candidatus Phytoplasma Mali ◽  
Cacopsylla Melanoneura ◽  
Cacopsylla Pruni ◽  
Vector Behavior ◽  
Practical Impact

The psyllids Cacopsylla melanoneura and Cacopsylla picta reproduce on apple (Malus × domestica) and transmit the bacterium ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’, the causative agent of apple proliferation. Adult psyllids were collected by the beating-tray method from lower and upper parts of the apple tree canopy in the morning and in the afternoon. There was a trend of catching more emigrant adults of C.melanoneura in the morning and in the lower part of the canopy. For C.melanoneura remigrants, no differences were observed. The findings regarding the distribution of adults were reflected by the number of nymphs collected by wash-down sampling. The density of C.picta was too low for a statistical analysis. The vector monitoring and how it is commonly performed, is suitable for estimating densities of C.melanoneura. Nevertheless, above a certain temperature threshold, prediction of C.melanoneura density might be skewed. No evidence was found that other relatively abundant psyllid species in the orchard, viz. Baeopelma colorata, Cacopsylla breviantennata, Cacopsylla brunneipennis, Cacopsylla pruni and Trioza urticae, were involved in ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ transmission. The results of our study contribute to an advanced understanding of insect vector behavior and thus have a practical impact for an improved field monitoring.

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