Efficient Harvesting of Safe Edible Grasshoppers: Evaluation of Modified Drums and Light-Emitting Diode Bulbs for Harvesting Ruspolia differens (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in Uganda

Abstract Ruspolia differens (Serville) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) is a delicacy in many African countries. It is commonly mass-harvested from the wild using light traps consisting of energy-intensive mercury bulbs which pollute the environment when poorly disposed. The catch is collected using open-ended drums which are inefficient in retaining the insects. The drums also collect nontarget insects including those that produce toxic chemicals (such as pederin) that cause severe burns to human skin. To prevent escape of trapped R. differens, trappers apply potentially hazardous substances like waste cooking oil on the walls of drums. Here, we modified the collection drum by fitting a funnel to retain R. differens; and partitioned it into three compartments with wire meshes of variable sizes to filter nontarget insects. Additionally, we replaced mercury bulbs with light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs which are energy-efficient. We evaluated the performance of the modified R. differens trap (modified drums and LED bulbs) compared to the current collection drums and mercury bulbs. The catch of R. differens in the modified drums was comparable to that of current drums. Nontarget insects were significantly filtered from the catch collected in modified drums compared to the current drums. Further, LED bulbs of 400 W trapped a comparable quantity of R. differens as 400 W mercury bulbs, but with less than half the consumption of electricity compared to the mercury bulbs. We concluded that modified R. differens light traps have better energy-use efficiency and ensure safety to collectors, processors, and consumers.

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Response of phlebotomine sand flies to light-emitting diode-modified light traps in southern Egypt

Journal of Vector Ecology ◽

10.3376/1081-1710(2007)32[302:ropsft]2.0.co;2 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 302 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

D.F. Hoel ◽

J.F. Butler ◽

E. Y. Fawaz ◽

N. Watany ◽

S.S. El-Hossary ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Sand Flies ◽

Light Traps ◽

Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽

Light Emitting

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The effectiveness of light-emitting diode lighting for providing circadian stimulus in office spaces while minimizing energy use

Lighting Research and Technology ◽

10.1177/1477153519834604 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 167-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C Jarboe ◽

J Snyder ◽

MG Figueiro

Keyword(s):

Energy Use ◽

Spectral Power ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Visual Performance ◽

Luminous Intensity ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Lighting Conditions ◽

Office Space ◽

Discomfort Glare ◽

Architectural Lighting

Architectural lighting has traditionally addressed visual performance and horizontal illuminance on the work plane, later focussing on energy efficiency, while only recently paying particular regard to human health outcomes. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of several light-emitting diode lighting strategies for delivering circadian stimulus to occupants of a typical office space while minimizing energy use. The study employed photometric simulations in a typical open-office space, delivering a criterion circadian stimulus of 0.3 to calculation points modelled at the simulated occupants’ eye level. Six luminaire types, two luminous intensity distributions, six spectral power distributions and two horizontal illuminances were evaluated, resulting in 144 unique lighting conditions. Additionally, the study calculated the discomfort glare for selected luminaires with the highest total lumen output, smallest aperture and direct-only luminous intensity distributions at the higher of the two horizontal illuminances (500 lx). The most impactful strategy involved supplementing common overhead lighting with a desktop luminaire delivering light directly to the simulated office occupants’ eyes, which provided greater circadian stimulus and used less energy than overhead luminaires that were capable of delivering the criterion circadian stimulus of 0.3.

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Human Factors Impacts of Light-Emitting Diode Airfield Lighting

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/2626-07 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2626 (1) ◽

pp. 51-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John D. Bullough

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Experimental Evidence ◽

Energy Use ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Light Sources ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Incandescent Light ◽

Color Identification ◽

Lighting Systems ◽

Maintenance Requirements

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) differ from incandescent light sources in several ways that are relevant to energy and maintenance requirements of airfield lighting systems. They have higher luminous efficacy and, when designed properly, have longer useful operating lives; both factors make LEDs attractive candidates for airfield lighting. The photometric, colorimetric, and temporal characteristics of LEDs also differ from those of incandescent light sources, and these can have important implications for the appearance of runway and taxiway lighting systems. The present paper reviews publications summarizing experimental and analytical investigations designed to assess these implications with respect to the following human factors impacts: color identification, brightness and glare, visibility in fog and haze, response to onset of flashing lights, and stroboscopic effects such as the phantom array. Overall, this review of experimental evidence suggests that, in addition to their reduced energy use and maintenance requirements, LED airfield lighting can be advantageous in comparison with incandescent lighting systems used to delineate airport runways and taxiways.

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Monitoring and potential control of sea lice using an LED-based light trap

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f09-094 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 66 (8) ◽

pp. 1371-1382 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Iñigo Novales Flamarique ◽

Christina Gulbransen ◽

Moira Galbraith ◽

Dario Stucchi

Keyword(s):

Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Light Trap ◽

Sea Lice ◽

Light Traps ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Farmed Salmon ◽

Potential Control ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Salmon Lice

Sea lice are ectoparasitic copepods that threaten salmon farming aquaculture and the viability of wild salmon populations. To control infestations on farmed salmon, several chemotherapeutants have been developed, but these are invasive (often causing fish stress and loss in production), costly, may induce parasite resistance over time, and their impact on the environment is a major social concern. Here, we show that a light-emitting diode (LED)-based light trap can be used to monitor sea lice presence on fish and in the water. The performance of the light trap was tested in experimental tanks and in the ocean. Plankton net tows were also performed to compare catches with those from light traps. The light trap caught ~70% of salmon lice larval stages loaded onto a tank and ~24% of the adults. It also acted as a delousing agent by removing ~8% of adult salmon lice infective on Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) smolts in tank experiments. In the ocean, the light trap caught 21 sea lice (10 Lepeophtheirus salmonis and 11 Caligus clemensi ), comprising free-swimming and attached stages, while plankton net tows failed to capture any. We conclude that light traps constitute an effective, noninvasive, environmentally friendly method to monitor sea lice.

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Decreased capture of natural enemies of pests in light traps with light-emitting diode technology

Annals of Applied Biology ◽

10.1111/aab.12458 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 173 (3) ◽

pp. 251-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lei Bian ◽

Xiao-Ming Cai ◽

Zong-Xiu Luo ◽

Zhao-Qun Li ◽

Zong-Mao Chen

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Light Traps ◽

Light Emitting

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Impacts of average illuminance, spectral distribution, and uniformity on brightness and safety perceptions under parking lot lighting

Lighting Research and Technology ◽

10.1177/1477153519875171 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 626-640 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JD Bullough ◽

JD Snyder ◽

K Kiefer

Keyword(s):

Spectral Distribution ◽

Energy Use ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Light Level ◽

Scale Model ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Safety Perceptions ◽

Balancing Energy ◽

Parking Lot ◽

Lighting Systems

In addition to supporting visibility, parking lot lighting should enable people to feel safe and secure while they are walking through a parking lot at night. Previously published research has indicated that perceptions of safety and security under outdoor illumination are correlated with perceptions of scene brightness, which in turn are influenced by the light level in the lot, by the spectral distribution of the illumination, and the uniformity of illumination. However, the interactions and interplay among these factors are not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, two laboratory experiments were conducted using a scale model parking lot scene and a controllable light-emitting diode (LED) lighting system that allowed parametric variations in light level, spectrum and uniformity. From the results, a mathematical model of overall brightness and safety perceptions was developed to predict how different lighting configurations are perceived. The model can be used to help specifiers select lighting systems for parking lot illumination that meet the objectives of reinforcing sensations of personal safety while balancing energy use and cost concerns.

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Flight to Light Response of Red Pumpkin Beetle (Aulacophora africana Weise) to Differently Coloured Light-emitting Diode and Incandescent Bulb Lights

Advanced Journal of Graduate Research ◽

10.21467/ajgr.7.1.64-69 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 64-69

Author(s):

Chukwu Alexander Timothy ◽

Nuhu Samiala ◽

Emmanuel Okrikata

Keyword(s):

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Light Response ◽

Light Traps ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Incandescent Bulb ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Ordinary Light ◽

The Difference ◽

White Colour

Red pumpkin beetle (Aulacophora africana Weise) is an important defoliator and vector of pathogens to its numerous crop hosts. Control had largely been by synthetic insecticides with their attendant consequences on man and the environment thus necessitating scientific studies on environmental-friendly management strategies. The experiment was conducted in the Research Farm of Federal University Wukari in the month of May 2019 with the aim of evaluating the attractiveness of A. africana to Light-emitting diode (LED) and Incandescent Light bulb colours. Five colours (red, yellow, green, blue and white) were used for the study. Each colour light was properly projected on 2 metre vertical screen (made of white polyethene) placed one meter above the ground. A setup without bulb served as the control. The light traps were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) in 6 replicates and ran simultaneously for six hours (1800 to 2400hrs). The pumpkin beetles attracted were collected in tubs containing soapy water. A. africana collected were counted and recorded according to bulb type and colour. Samples were identified at the Insect Museum of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Among the Incandescent bulbs, White colour was most attractive to A. africana (4.30±0.38) while red attracted the least (0.71±0.01). Among LED bulbs, Blue was most attractive (3.99±1.01) while Red also attracted the least (0.78±0.03). Overall, LED attracted more pumpkin beetles than Incandescent bulb even though Student Newman Keul’s test indicates that the difference between them was due to random variation (p = 0.16). Correlation and regression analyses indicated increase in insect attraction with increased light intensity. The results, therefore, suggest that white Incandescent or blue LED bulb colours can be incorporated into insecticidal light traps to suppress their population/attract them away from host plants or fixed into ordinary light traps to harvest the insect for scientific studies.

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Revision of Smart Street Lighting LED

Ingeniería solidaria ◽

10.16925/2357-6014.2019.02.09 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (28) ◽

Author(s):

Diego Julián Rodríguez Patarroyo ◽

Iván Felipe Cely Garzón ◽

Cristhian Alexander Letrado Forero

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Energy Use ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Lighting System ◽

Street Lighting ◽

Light Emitting ◽

The World ◽

Current Context ◽

Lighting Systems ◽

And Performance

Introduction: This Literature Review article is the result of a research on the current situation of smart public lighting systems with light-emitting diode (LED) technology in cities around the world. Problem: How convenient is it to use smart public lighting system with LED luminaires? Objective: To review the context of smart public lighting with LED technology. Methodology: Within this project, a lit review was conducted with more than 50 academic articles found in different databases such as: IEEE Xplore, Scopus, ScienceDirect etc. The selection criteria of the information followed the revision of articles from 2006 to 2018, and also, took into account their installation and performance in different cities and places of the world. Furthermore, articles on polluting and inefficient technologies were excluded. Conclusion: Considering the current context in which LED smart public lighting is, it is more likely to be implemented in the future. Results: Smart LED street lighting systems are more efficient in energy use, leads to savings in costs in medium terms, and finally, present a lower environmental impact compared to conventional lighting systems. Limitations: The review focuses on energy efficiency and economic aspects, not on social aspects. Originality: Smart LED public lighting systems have been researched within the economic and energy efficiency context.

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