scholarly journals Dietary (n-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Exert Antihypertensive Effects by Modulating Calcium Signaling in T Cells of Rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 131 (9) ◽  
pp. 2364-2369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Triboulot ◽  
Aziz Hichami ◽  
Anne Denys ◽  
Naim A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Calcium Signaling

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Inhibit T Cell Signal Transduction by Modification of Detergent-insoluble Membrane Domains

1998 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Stulnig ◽  
Markus Berger ◽  
Thomas Sigmund ◽  
Daniel Raederstorff ◽  
Hannes Stockinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Domains ◽  
Protein Tyrosine ◽  
Cell Signal ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Cell Signal Transduction

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exert immunosuppressive effects, but the molecular alterations leading to T cell inhibition are not yet elucidated. Signal transduction seems to involve detergent-resistant membrane domains (DRMs) acting as functional rafts within the plasma membrane bilayer with Src family protein tyrosine kinases being attached to their cytoplasmic leaflet. Since DRMs include predominantly saturated fatty acyl moieties, we investigated whether PUFAs could affect T cell signaling by remodeling of DRMs. Jurkat T cells cultured in PUFA-supplemented medium showed a markedly diminished calcium response when stimulated via the transmembrane CD3 complex or glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)- anchored CD59. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that CD59 but not Src family protein tyrosine kinase Lck remained in a punctate pattern after PUFA enrichment. Analysis of DRMs revealed a marked displacement of Src family kinases (Lck, Fyn) from DRMs derived from PUFA-enriched T cells compared with controls, and the presence of Lck in DRMs strictly correlated with calcium signaling. In contrast, GPI-anchored proteins (CD59, CD48) and ganglioside GM1, both residing in the outer membrane leaflet, remained in the DRM fraction. In conclusion, PUFA enrichment selectively modifies the cytoplasmic layer of DRMs and this alteration could underlie the inhibition of T cell signal transduction by PUFAs.

CD25+ regulatory T cells transfer n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids-induced tolerance in mice allergic to cow's milk protein

Allergy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 1562-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. J. van den Elsen ◽  
L. A. P. M. Meulenbroek ◽  
B. C. A. M. van Esch ◽  
G. A. Hofman ◽  
L. Boon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk Protein ◽  
Induced Tolerance ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals The Partitioning of Newly Assimilated Linoleic and α-Linolenic Acids Between Synthesis of Longer-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Hydroxyoctadecaenoic Acids Is a Putative Branch Point in T-Cell Essential Fatty Acid Metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna von Gerichten ◽  
Annette L. West ◽  
Nicola A. Irvine ◽  
Elizabeth A. Miles ◽  
Philip C. Calder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Branch Point ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Leukocyte Function

Longer-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) ≥20 carbons long are required for leukocyte function. These can be obtained from the diet, but there is some evidence that leukocytes can convert essential fatty acids (EFAs) into LCPUFAs. We used stable isotope tracers to investigate LCPUFA biosynthesis and the effect of different EFA substrate ratios in human T lymphocytes. CD3+ T cells were incubated for up to 48 h with or without concanavalin A in media containing a 18:2n-6:18:3n-3 (EFA) ratio of either 5:1 or 8:1 and [13C]18:3n-3 plus [d5]18:2n-6. Mitogen stimulation increased the amounts of 16:1n-7, 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6, 20:3n-6, 20:4n-6, 18:3n-3, and 20:5n-3 in T cells. Expression of the activation marker CD69 preceded increased FADS2 and FADS1 mRNA expression and increased amounts of [d5]20:2n-6 and [13C]20:3n-3 at 48 h. In addition, 22-carbon n-6 or n-3 LCPUFA synthesis was not detected, consistent with the absence of ELOVL2 expression. An EFA ratio of 8:1 reduced 18:3n-3 conversion and enhanced 20:2n-6 synthesis compared to a 5:1 ratio. Here, [d5]9- and [d5]-13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic (HODE) and [13C]9- and [13C]13-hydroxyoctadecatrienoic acids (HOTrE) were the major labelled oxylipins in culture supernatants; labelled oxylipins ≥20 carbons were not detected. An EFA ratio of 8:1 suppressed 9- and 13-HOTrE synthesis, but there was no significant effect on 9- and 13-HODE synthesis. These findings suggest that partitioning of newly assimilated EFA between LCPUFA synthesis and hydroxyoctadecaenoic acid may be a metabolic branch point in T-cell EFA metabolism that has implications for understanding the effects of dietary fats on T lymphocyte function.

scholarly journals n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Impede the TCR Mobility and the TCR–pMHC Interaction of Anti-Viral CD8+ T Cells

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younghyun Lim ◽  
Seyoung Kim ◽  
Sehoon Kim ◽  
Dong-In Kim ◽  
Kyung Won Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
In Vivo Models

The immune-suppressive effects of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on T cells have been observed via multiple in vitro and in vivo models. However, the precise mechanism that causes these effects is still undefined. In this study, we investigated whether n-3 PUFAs regulated T cell receptor (TCR) and peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) interactions. The expansion of anti-viral CD8+ T cells that endogenously synthesize n-3 PUFAs (FAT-1) dramatically decreased upon lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in vivo. This decrease was not caused by the considerable reduction of TCR expression or the impaired chemotactic activity of T cells. Interestingly, a highly inclined and laminated optical sheet (HILO) microscopic analysis revealed that the TCR motility was notably reduced on the surface of the FAT-1 CD8+ T cells compared to the wild type (WT) CD8+ T cells. Importantly, the adhesion strength of the FAT-1 CD8+ T cells to the peptide-MHC was significantly lower than that of the WT CD8+T cells. Consistent with this result, treatment with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), one type of n-3 PUFA, significantly decreased CD8+ T cell adhesion to the pMHC. Collectively, our results reveal a novel mechanism through which n-3 PUFAs decrease TCR-pMHC interactions by modulating TCR mobility on CD8+ T cell surfaces.

scholarly journals Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promote activation-induced cell death in Th1-polarized murine CD4+T-cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1482-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten C. Switzer ◽  
Yang-Yi Fan ◽  
Naisyin Wang ◽  
David N. McMurray ◽  
Robert S. Chapkin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Activation Induced Cell Death

scholarly journals Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids impinge on CD4+ T cell motility and adipose tissue distribution via direct and lipid mediator-dependent effects

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Cucchi ◽  
Dolores Camacho-Muñoz ◽  
Michelangelo Certo ◽  
Jennifer Niven ◽  
Joanne Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Epa And Dha

Abstract Aims Adaptive immunity contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular metabolic disorders (CVMD). The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA) are beneficial for cardiovascular health, with potential to improve the dysregulated adaptive immune responses associated with metabolic imbalance. We aimed to explore the mechanisms through which n-3PUFA may alter T cell motility and tissue distribution to promote a less inflammatory environment and improve lymphocyte function in CVMD. Methods and results Using mass spectrometry lipidomics, cellular, biochemical, and in vivo and ex vivo analyses, we investigated how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the main n-3PUFA, modify the trafficking patterns of activated CD4+ T cells. In mice subjected to allogeneic immunization, a 3-week n-3PUFA-enriched diet reduced the number of effector memory CD4+ T cells found in adipose tissue, and changed the profiles of eicosanoids, octadecanoids, docosanoids, endocannabinoids, 2-monoacylglycerols, N-acyl ethanolamines, and ceramides, in plasma, lymphoid organs, and fat tissues. These bioactive lipids exhibited differing chemotactic properties when tested in chemotaxis assays with activated CD4+ T cells in vitro. Furthermore, CD4+ T cells treated with EPA and DHA showed a significant reduction in chemokinesis, as assessed by trans-endothelial migration assays, and, when implanted in recipient mice, demonstrated less efficient migration to the inflamed peritoneum. Finally, EPA and DHA treatments reduced the number of polarized CD4+ T cells in vitro, altered the phospholipid composition of membrane microdomains and decreased the activity of small Rho GTPases, Rhoα, and Rac1 instrumental in cytoskeletal dynamics. Conclusions Our findings suggest that EPA and DHA affect the motility of CD4+ T cells and modify their ability to reach target tissues by interfering with the cytoskeletal rearrangements required for cell migration. This can explain, at least in part, the anti-inflammatory effects of n-3PUFA supporting their potential use in interventions aiming to address adipocyte low-grade inflammation associated with cardiovascular metabolic disease.

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