DDT Effect on Rats Raised on Alpha-protein Rations: Growth and storage of liver vitamin A

Six 9-month-old female Dutch Friesian cattle were given hay and pelleted concentrates with added 130 g CaCO3 or 100 g Na2HPO4 daily for periods of 50 days each. The supplements did not significantly influence growth or vitamin A, Cu or Mn in liver or blood plasma, although more P tended to retard growth. Liver vitamin A, Cu and Mn generally decreased significantly with time. Cu was more closely related to growth than vitamin A or Mn. A fall of Cu in blood plasma and liver was associated with a fall in the vitamin A in liver and with an increase of vitamin A in plasma.-V. J. B. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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Vitamin A Status and Hepatic Drug Metabolism in the Rat

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y73-002 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 6-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

G. C. Becking

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Drug Metabolism ◽

Vitamin A Deficiency ◽

Hepatic Drug Metabolism ◽

Deficient Diet ◽

Hepatic Drug ◽

Vitamin A Status ◽

Cytochrome P 450 ◽

Liver Vitamin

The effect of vitamin A status on hepatic drug metabolism was studied in rats. Animals were fed diets with and without vitamin A for 20 and 25 days. Weight gains of control and deficient animals were not significantly different, whereas liver vitamin A levels had decreased to less than 10% of control animals after 20 days and were essentially zero after eating the deficient diet for 25 days. Aniline metabolism in vitro and aminopyrine metabolism in vitro and in vivo were significantly lower in male weanling rats fed a vitamin A deficient diet for 20 days. No alteration in in vitro p-nitrobenzoic acid metabolism was noted after 25 days on the test. Vitamin A deficiency did not alter microsomal protein levels or cytochrome c reductase activity but deficient animals did have a lower microsomal cytochrome P-450 content. Hepatic enzyme activities and cytochrome P-450 levels were restored to values approaching those found in control animals by feeding vitamin A deficient rats the vitamin A containing diet for 21 days. Liver vitamin A levels were markedly increased after re-feeding studies but were still significantly lower than control animals.

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Effects of food or nutrient restriction on milk vitamin A transfer and neonatal vitamin A stores in the rat

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19900121 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 351-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ana Maria ◽

G. Pasatiempo ◽

A. Catharine Ross

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Maternal Diet ◽

Control Diet ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Liver Weight ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Serum Retinol ◽

Total Food Intake ◽

Affect Transfer ◽

Liver Vitamin

We have investigated the effects of maternal diets low in fat or protein, or restricted in total food intake on vitamin A transfer from the dam to her pups. When animals were fed on diets moderately restricted in fat or protein, minimal differences in milk, serum, and liver vitamin A concentrations were observed compared with animals fed on a control diet. In a second study, dams were fed on diets more severely restricted in protein, or fat, or both, or were fed on a control diet equal to 50% of the intake of control rats but containing an equal amount of vitamin A. The quantity of milk obtained from these more severely restricted dams' nipples or the pups' stomachs was greatly reduced; however, there were no differences in milk vitamin A concentration. Body-weight, liver weight, and total liver vitamin A stores of undernourished pups were just half those measured for control pups, although serum vitamin A and serum retinol-binding protein were nearly normal in concentration. We conclude that (a) moderate restrictions in fat or protein in the maternal diet are insufficient to affect transfer of vitamin A to the suckling pup; (b) further dietary restrictions could cause decreased milk production with little change in milk vitamin A concentration and, hence, (c) the neonates' hepatic retinol accumulation during the suckling period is markedly reduced when maternal diets are severely deficient in fat or protein or of normal composition but restricted in amount.

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Impact of storage conditions and premix type on fat-soluble vitamin stability1

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txaa143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Marut Saensukjaroenphon ◽

Caitlin E Evans ◽

Chad B Paulk ◽

Jordan T Gebhardt ◽

Jason C Woodworth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Chemical Treatment ◽

Storage Time ◽

Storage Condition ◽

The United States ◽

Heat Pulse ◽

Pulse Treatment ◽

Fat Soluble Vitamins ◽

And Storage

Abstract Feed ingredients and additives could be a potential medium for foreign animal disease entry into the United States. The feed industry has taken active steps to reduce the risk of pathogen entry through ingredients. Medium chain fatty acid (MCFA) and heat pulse treatment could be an opportunity to prevent pathogen contamination. The objective of experiment 1 was to determine the impact of 0, 30, 60, or 90 d storage time on fat-soluble vitamin stability when vitamin premix (VP) and vitamin trace mineral premix (VTM) were blended with 1% inclusion of MCFA (1:1:1 blend of C6:C8:C10) or mineral oil (MO) with different environmental conditions. Samples stored at room temperature (RT) (~22 °C) or in an environmentally controlled chamber set at 40 °C and 75% humidity, high-temperature high humidity (HTHH). The sample bags were pulled out at days 0, 30, 60 and 90 for RT condition and HTHH condition. The objective of experiment 2 was to determine the effect of heat pulse treatment and MCFA addition on fat-soluble vitamin stability with two premix types. A sample from each treatment was heated at 60 °C and 20% humidity. For experiment 1, the following effects were significant for vitamin A: premix type × storage condition (P = 0.031) and storage time × storage condition (P = 0.002) interactions; for vitamin D3: main effect of storage condition (P < 0.001) and storage time (P = 0.002); and for vitamin E: storage time × storage condition interaction (P < 0.001). For experiment 2, oil type did not affect the stability of fat-soluble vitamins (P > 0.732) except for vitamin A (P = 0.030). There were no differences for fat-soluble vitamin stability between VP and VTM (P > 0.074) except for vitamin E (P = 0.016). Therefore, the fat-soluble vitamins were stable when mixed with both vitamin and VTM and stored at 22 °C with 28.4% relative humidity (RH). When premixes were stored at 39.5 °C with 78.8%RH, the vitamin A and D3 were stable up to 30 d while the vitamin E was stable up to 60 d. In addition, MCFA did not influence fat-soluble vitamin degradation during storage up to 90 d and in the heat pulse process. The vitamin stability was decreased by 5% to 10% after the premixes was heated at 60 °C for approximately nine and a half hours. If both chemical treatment (MCFA) and heat pulse treatment have similar efficiency at neutralizing or reducing the target pathogen, the process of chemical treatment could become a more practical practice.

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