scholarly journals Food insecurity is associated with anxiety, stress, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in a cohort of women with or at risk of HIV in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (8) ◽  
pp. 1393-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry J Whittle ◽  
Lila A Sheira ◽  
William R Wolfe ◽  
Edward A Frongillo ◽  
Kartika Palar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
The United States

ABSTRACT Background Food insecurity, which disproportionately affects marginalized women in the United States, is associated with depressive symptoms. Few studies have examined relations of food insecurity with other mental health outcomes. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of food insecurity with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), stress, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), a prospective cohort study of women with or at risk of HIV in the United States. Methods Participants were 2553 women with or at risk of HIV, predominantly African American/black (71.6%). Structured questionnaires were conducted during April 2013–March 2016 every 6 mo. Food security (FS) was the primary predictor, measured using the Household Food Security Survey Module. We measured longitudinal outcomes for GAD (GAD-7 score and a binary GAD-7 screener for moderate-to-severe GAD). Only cross-sectional data were available for outcomes measuring perceived stress (PSS-10 score) and PTSD (PCL-C score and a binary PCL-C screener for PTSD). We examined associations of FS with the outcomes through use of multivariable linear and logistic regression, including lagged associations with GAD outcomes. Results After adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors including HIV serostatus, current marginal, low, and very low FS were associated with increasingly higher GAD-7 scores, and with 1.41 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.80; P < 0.01), 2.03 (95% CI: 1.59, 2.61; P < 0.001), and 3.23 (95% CI: 2.43, 4.29; P < 0.001) times higher odds of screening positive for moderate-to-severe GAD, respectively. Low and very low FS at the previous visit (6 mo earlier) were independently associated with GAD outcomes at current visit. Associations of FS with PSS-10 and PCL-C scores exhibited similar dose-response relations. Very low FS was associated with 1.93 (95% CI: 1.15, 3.24; P < 0.05) times higher odds of screening positive for PTSD. Conclusions Food insecurity may be associated with a range of poor mental health outcomes among women in the United States with or at risk of HIV.

Women’s Health: Treating Survivors of Sexual Assault

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Schindler ◽  
Allison Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
Rape Recovery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rape Survivor

Almost half of all women and almost a quarter of all men in the United States have experienced sexual violence in their lifetime. Treating individuals who have survived sexual assault can pose challenges for psychiatric and medical treatment. The rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are higher with sexual assault, and people with sexual trauma often feel stigmatized and have difficulty presenting for care. This chapter reviews epidemiology and neurobiology of sexual assault as well as the physical and psychological sequelae of sexual assault. Here, the authors review and propose practical treatment recommendations to assist in the treatment of individuals with a history of sexual assault. This review 5 figures, 5 tables, and 53 references. Key Words: posttraumatic stress disorder, rape recovery, sexual assault, treatment recommendations, women’s mental health, rape survivor treatment, rape

scholarly journals Onset of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depression Among Refugees and Voluntary Migrants to the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Rasmussen ◽  
Mia Crager ◽  
Ray E. Baser ◽  
Tracy Chu ◽  
Francesca Gany
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Posttraumatic Stress Namong Pediatric Critical Care Physicians in the United States in Association with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient Care Experiences

2021 ◽  
pp. 088506662110593
Author(s):  
Meena Kalyanaraman ◽  
Ashwini Sankar ◽  
Edem Timpo ◽  
Derrick McQueen ◽  
Kavita Morparia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Pediatric Critical Care

Posttraumatic stress among pediatric critical care physicians in the United States in association with coronavirus disease 2019 patient care experiences. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of posttraumatic stress (PTS) and its association with COVID-19 patient care experiences among pediatric critical care physicians. Our study was a cross-sectional study of pediatric critical care physicians in the United States. We measured PTS which included posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder (SubPTSD) using validated PTSD Checklist- 5 survey tool. Association of PTS with COVID-19 patient care experiences was analyzed using regression analysis. Prevalence of PTS was noted in 120 among 294 pediatric critical care physicians (41%; 95% CI, 35-47%). The predominant symptoms were that of hyperarousal and feelings of negative cognition and mood. Among our physicians with PTS, 19% had PTSD and 81% had SubPTSD. Demographic and practice characteristics were not significant for increased PTS on regression analysis. Posttraumatic stress was significantly associated with physicians testing positive or taking time off for COVID-19 illness, self-isolation, fear of infecting their loved ones, families scared of being infected, feeling helpless, patients expressing fears of dying, having pre-existing depression, anxiety, or insomnia, working beyond comfort level of training and having thoughts of quitting (p < 0.05). Thoughts of quitting was associated with the highest significant increase in PTS scores (coefficient:11.643; 95% CI:8.551,14.735; P < 0.01) followed by feeling of helplessness (coefficient:11.055; 95% CI: 8.484,13.624; P < 0.01) and need for additional medications for depression, anxiety and insomnia (coefficient: 10.980; 95% CI: 4.970, 16.990; P < 0.01). Posttraumatic stress is high in pediatric critical care physicians and is associated with various COVID-19 patient care experiences. Thoughts of quitting was associated with highest increase in posttraumatic stress score which could have major implications for the workforce in the future. Subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder should be recognized, and mental health issues of pediatric critical care physicians addressed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document