scholarly journals Giving Time: Examining Sector Differences in Volunteering Intensity

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen B Holt
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Public Sector Workers

Abstract Sector differences in prosocial motivations and behaviors among workers receives a great deal of attention in public administration scholarship. Extant literature consistently finds public sector workers are more likely to engage in prosocial behaviors, such as volunteering, than their peers in the private sector. Less attention has been paid to the sector gap in volunteerism along the intensive margin. Using time-diary data, which accounts for potential social desirability bias, from a nationally representative sample, this study investigates the gap between public sector workers and their private sector counterparts. The results suggest that public sector workers spend more time, on an average day, volunteering than observably similar private sector peers, and the difference cannot be explained by other observable differences between public and private sector workers. The gap in volunteer intensity is largest at the local level and among teachers. The implications of these results for research and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Actions that Combat the Disruption of the Moral and Social Code with the Purpose of Favoritism

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (29) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sergio Armando Prado De Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Code ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Reduction Of Costs

Abstract Currently, corruption has been so generalized and sophisticated that threatens to undermine the own society structure. Corruption is a problem identified in all the countries. What changes is how we deal with it. Nevertheless, why is there so much corruption? Within the group of factors, it is possible to highlight the high bureaucracy that reduces the efficiency of the public administration; the presence of a slow Judiciary Branch which is very low is terms of efficiency, when reprimanding illicit practices that incite everything ending up in pizza (this sentence was literally translated from Portuguese, it does not exist in English, but it means that impunity prevails in Brazil.); the existence of a corporatist sense among the Administration industries in the public sector in relation to the private sector and so facilitating corruption. The penalty for corruption should be constrained to mechanisms that allow the system of criminal justice to carry out actions of arrest, prosecution, penalty and repair to the country. Combating corruption complies with the republican ideal for the reduction of costs in Brazil. Moralizing the public-private relations offers juridical security to the market. The fact that some countries, especially Brazil, are seriously combating against corruption brings hope, with an eye on a more rigid legislation and less bureaucratic as well, with the end of the corporatist sense and the equivalence of salaries between the public and private sector. We shall provide effective criminal, administrative and civil penalties of inhibiting nature for future action; we shall provide cooperation between the law applicator and the private companies; we shall prevent the conflict of interests; we shall forbid the existence of “black fund” at the companies and we shall encouraged the relief or reduction of taxes to expenses considered as bribery or other conducts related

Public and Private Sector Manual Workers' Pay 1970-1977

1977 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J.H. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Public Sector Workers

The earnings of manual workers in the public and private sectors for the years 1970-77 are examined. The marked improvement in the relative pay of public sector workers which had been noted in earlier work is confirmed. It is found that in the period from 1970 to 1976 the relative pay of the public sector improved by over 10 per cent. In 1977 there was a movement back in favour of the private sector of about 2 1/2 per cent, but this still left the relative pay of public sector manual workers 10 per cent higher than in the 1950s and 1960s.

Public–Private Pay Comparisons

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 266-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Lee ◽  
Andrew M. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
State Level ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Public Sector Workers

As state and local governments attempt to manage fiscal stress created by the Great Recession, the level of compensation received by public sector workers has become an increasingly debated policy issue. A significant amount of research exists that addresses national public sector compensation trends, but relatively few state-level studies have been performed. This analysis provides a preliminary analysis of public and private sector compensation in Florida. Using data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau, sector-level comparisons are made between public and private sector workers within the state with regard to compensation, age and education. This sector-level comparison is then supplemented by an occupational analysis of career fields found in both sectors. The sector-level analysis suggests public sector workers in Florida are, on average, not only better compensated than those in the private sector in aggregate but are also considerably more educated and older. The occupational analysis suggests that public sector workers in Florida are in general less well-compensated than private sector workers employed in the same field, even when older and more highly educated on average.

Corporate Social Reporting Practices In India

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Vipin Bihari Srivastava ◽  
Dr Manoj Kumar Mishra ◽  
Dr Wogari Negari
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Social Reporting ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Corporate Social Reporting ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Corporate Social

"This paper aims to examine the extent of corporate social reporting practices in the annual reports of companies in India and to ascertain the differences if any, between public sector and private sector companies and to investigate what were the determinants of corporate social reporting . The study intends to answer the research questions which include: a) what variables could represent a Conceptual Model of Corporate Social Reporting consists of dependent variables and Independent variables? b) What are the factors of Corporate Social Reporting (COSOR) and how valid and reliable are these factors? c) What is the degree of COSOR by factors in public and private sector companies? d) What are the determinants of COSOR? What is the level of their influence on COSOR? A sample of 120 listed companies of National Stock Exchange of India was chosen and they were stratified in to public and private sector companies. A Corporate social reporting Index was constructed for data collection through content analysis from the annual reports. The results of the study revealed that social accounting information were disclosed in company’s annual reports, chairman’s speech, directors’ reports, notes to accounts, schedule to accounts and auditor’s report. The degree of corporate social reporting varies between public sector and private sector companies. The public sector companies have disclosed more corporate social reporting information than the private sector companies. The study found that higher the level of capital employed, earnings before depreciation and taxes, total assets and total sales higher was the level of corporate social reporting. However, the degree of influence of determinants on corporate social reporting was different among public and private sector companies. Most of the companies have disclosed corporate social information on voluntary basis. To improve the understandably, uniformity, and comparability of corporate social information, this study suggests making it mandatory. A standard format for disclosure of corporate social information shall be prescribed by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs by amending the Indian Companies Act. The concept of social accounting is relatively new in India. This study suggests to include it in the commerce curriculum and also in the curriculum of CA/CWA/CS. Corporate Social Reporting is such a vast area of research that no single study can cover different dimensions related to it. Though some studies including the present study have been conducted on Corporate Social Reporting Practices in India, but still there is much potential of research in this area. Future research in this area will hopefully bring more brightening result measuring and analysing social costs and benefits data by manager as well as by other concerned. Since the subject is in the primary stage, an in-depth research is needed to be done in different sectors such as banking information technology, manufacturing etc. The results are specifically applicable to sample companies and generalisations can be made with caution. The results of the study are based on the data collected from published annual reports of sample companies using content analysis method. Corporate social reporting in company websites, brochures etc are not covered. Social cost and benefit analysis is not covered in this study.

Transitions from career employment among public- and private-sector workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 529-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Quinn ◽  
Kevin E. Cahill ◽  
Michael D. Giandrea
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Defined Benefit ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Career Employment ◽  
Public Sector Workers

AbstractDo the retirement patterns of public-sector workers differ from those in the private sector? The latter typically face a retirement landscape with exposure to market uncertainties through defined-contribution pension plans and private saving. Public-sector workers, in contrast, are often covered by defined-benefit pension plans that encourage retirement at relatively young ages and offer financial security at older ages. We examine how private- and public-sector workers transition from full-time career employment, with a focus on the importance of gradual retirement. To our surprise, we find that the prevalence of continued work after career employment, predominantly on bridge jobs with new employers, is very similar in the two sectors, a result with important implications in a rapidly aging society.

Relationship between CSR motivations and corporate social performance: a study in the power industry in India

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moumita Acharyya ◽  
Tanuja Agarwala
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Corporate Social Performance ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Public And Private Sector

PurposeThe paper aims to understand the different motivations / reasons for engaging in CSR initiatives by the organizations. In addition, the study also examines the relationship between CSR motivations and corporate social performance (CSP).Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected from two power sector organizations: one was a private sector firm and the other was a public sector firm. A comparative analysis of the variables with respect to private and public sector organizations was conducted. A questionnaire survey was administered among 370 employees working in the power sector, with 199 executives from public sector and 171 from private sector.Findings“Philanthropic” motivation emerged as the most dominant CSR motivation among both the public and private sector firms. The private sector firm was found to be significantly higher with respect to “philanthropic”, “enlightened self-interest” and “normative” CSR motivations when compared with the public sector firms. Findings suggest that public and private sector firms differed significantly on four CSR motivations, namely, “philanthropic”, “enlightened self-interest”, “normative” and “coercive”. The CSP score was significantly different among the two power sector firms of public and private sectors. The private sector firm had a higher CSP level than the public sector undertaking.Research limitations/implicationsFurther studies in the domain need to address differences in CSR motivations and CSP across other sectors to understand the role of industry characteristics in influencing social development targets of organizations. Research also needs to focus on demonstrating the relationship between CSP and financial performance of the firms. Further, the HR outcomes of CSR initiatives and measurement of CSP indicators, such as attracting and retaining talent, employee commitment and organizational climate factors, need to be assessed.Originality/valueThe social issues are now directly linked with the business model to ensure consistency and community development. The results reveal a need for “enlightened self-interest” which is the second dominant CSR motivation among the organizations. The study makes a novel contribution by determining that competitive and coercive motivations are not functional as part of organizational CSR strategy. CSR can never be forced as the very idea is to do social good. Eventually, the CSR approach demands a commitment from within. The organizations need to emphasize more voluntary engagement of employees and go beyond statutory requirements for realizing the true CSR benefits.

scholarly journals Contractual arrangements and entrepreneurial governance: Flexibility and leeway in urban regeneration projects

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (16) ◽  
pp. 3217-3235
Author(s):  
Martijn van den Hurk ◽  
Tuna Tasan-Kok
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Contractual Arrangements ◽  
Public And Private Sector

Urban regeneration projects involve complex contractual deals between public- and private-sector actors. Critics contend that contracts hamper opportunities for flexibility and change in these projects due to strict provisions that are incorporated in legal agreements. This article offers contrary empirical insights based on a study of contractual arrangements for urban regeneration projects in the Netherlands, including an analysis of interviews and confidential documents. It zooms in on provisions on safeguarding and adaptation, finding that urban regeneration projects remain receptive to flexibility and change. Public-sector actors use their room to manoeuvre while operating contracts, seeking to secure social relations and keep projects going. This article taps into data sources that are difficult to access, addressing what is included in contracts and how they are used by practitioners, and presents questions for future research on contracts in the urban built environment.

scholarly journals Customer Engagement with Social Media Bank Pages with Reference to Facebook

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 3089-3095
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public Sector Banks ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Public And Private Sector

Indian banking sector is going through a massive transformation day by day with the advancement of Information and communication Technology and impact of digitization in the banking industry. After the core banking system, banks have moved further to reap the benefits of internet and mobile banking. In order to engage more customers anywhere and anytime without visiting the brick and mortar branches, the banks have now introduced the social media banking. Most of the people are already active in different social media platforms, so banks have grabbed that opportunity to reach people easily and provide services through social media. This paper has made an attempt to analyze the engagement of social media customers in different banks including public and private sector with reference to facebook bank page. The results show that most of the banks have presence on popular social media platforms. With respect to the engagement of customer to all facebook posts during the study period, public sector banks are posting more on their respective facebook page but the customers’ likes as well as dislikes are more for SBI, ICICI and AXIS. In case of shares and comments, SBI and PNB have more and are increasing continuously as these two banks post more on their respective facebook pages. But with respect to customer engagement per facebook post during the study period, customers are engaged more with private sector banks. And it can be said that regarding overall customer engagement people are more engaged with private sector over public sector banks.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Teaching Methodologies Employed by English Language Teachers in Private and Public Sector Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (III) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Amna Zahra ◽  
Ayesha Butt ◽  
Sadia Rafique
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Teaching Methodologies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
English Language Teachers ◽  
Public And Private Sector

The aim of the study was to make a comparison between the teaching methodologies employed by English language teachers at public and private sector schools at primary level. Foreign language teaching methodologies has become a much-discussed phenomena and has been given immense importance from the last few decades, however, it still needs development in teaching practices. The data for the present study were collected in the form of semi-structured interviews, which were related to the objectives and research questions. The target population of the study was primary level teachers of Lahore, Punjab (Pakistan), while the sample of the study was comprised of primary level teachers of a public and private sector school in Lahore. The results of the study indicated that the teachers of the public sector schools were mostly relying on the structural methods of language teaching, whereas the teachers of the private sector schools were using blended methods.

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