scholarly journals Retrospective biodosimetry using translocation frequency in a stable cell of occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Su Cho ◽  
Jin Kyung Lee ◽  
Keum Seok Bae ◽  
Eun-Ae Han ◽  
Seong Jae Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Translocation Frequency

SKIN MELANOMA INCIDENCE IN WORKERS OCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED TO IONIZING RADIATION OVER A PROLONGED PERIOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
Valentina Rybkina ◽  
Tamara Azizova ◽  
Yevgeniya Grigoreva
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Calendar Period ◽  
Skin Melanoma ◽  
Melanoma Incidence ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

Purpose of the study. The study is aimed to investigate skin melanoma incidence in workers occupationally exposed to radiation over a prolonged period. Materials and methods. Skin melanoma incidence was studied in a cohort of workers first employed at nuclear facility Mayak Production Association (PA) between 1948 and 1982 who had been followed up till 31.12.2013 (22,377 individuals). Mean cumulative doses from external gamma-rays over the whole follow-up period were 0.54±0.001 Sv in males and 0.44±0.002 Sv in females. Incident rates for skin melanoma were analyzed by sex, attained age, calendar period of diagnostics and radiation dose using worldwide standard and the direct standardization technique. Results. 60 skin melanoma cases (37 in males and 23 in females) were registered in the study cohort over the whole follow-up period. The standardized skin melanoma incident rate was 8.51±1.46 in males and 8.78±2.27 in females per 100000 workers revealing statistically higher rates compared to corresponding rates for general populations of the Russian Federation, Urals Federal District and Chelyabinsk region. Skin melanoma incidence was significantly increased in the period of 1994 - 2013 as compared to the period of 1974 - 1993. Skin melanoma incidence excess in females was greater than that for males. Skin melanoma incidence increment in females was mostly driven by modifications of disease occurrence risk while in males it was driven by a combined effect of age pattern modifications in the study cohort and increase of disease risk. Conclusions. Skin melanoma incidence rates in the cohort of workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation over a prolonged period were associated with sex and attained age workers and the calendar period of diagnostics. No significant association of skin melanoma incidence with dose from external gamma-rays was observed. A significantly increasing trend was observed for skin melanoma incidence by the end of the follow-up in both males and females.

Decreased sensitivity to the cytogenetic effects of bleomycin in individuals occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation

1996 ◽  
Vol 354 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Francesc Barquinero ◽  
Leonardo Barrios ◽  
Maria Rosa Caballín ◽  
Rosa Miró ◽  
Montserrat Ribas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Cytogenetic Effects ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

Safety measures among workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation in Tanta University Hospitals

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
AsmaaA El-Feky ◽  
RaniaM El-Sallamy ◽  
AliA El-Sherbeni ◽  
Hagras El-Mursi Hagras
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

scholarly journals Healthcare Workers Occupationally Exposed to Ionizing Radiation Exhibit Altered Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines and Redox Parameters

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman M. Ahmad ◽  
Maher Y. Abdalla ◽  
Tiffany A. Moore ◽  
Lisa Bartenhagen ◽  
Adam J. Case ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Immune Alterations ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

Studies have shown an increased risk for a variety of cancers, specifically brain cancer, in healthcare workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation. Although the mechanisms mediating these phenomena are not fully understood, ionizing radiation-mediated elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative DNA damage, and immune modulation are likely involved. A group of 20 radiation exposed workers and 40 sex- and age-matched non-exposed control subjects were recruited for the study. We measured superoxide (O2•−) levels in whole blood of healthcare workers and all other measurements of cytokines, oxidative DNA damage, extracellular superoxide dismutase (EcSOD) activity and reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) in plasma. Levels of O2•− were significantly higher in radiation exposed workers compared to control. Similarly, a significant increase in the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1α and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α in radiation exposed workers compared to control was observed, while there was no significance difference in the other 27 screened cytokines. A significant positive correlation was found between MIP-1α and O2•− levels with no correlation in either IL-6 or IL-1α. Further, a dose-dependent relationship with significant O2•− production and immune alterations in radiation exposed workers was demonstrated. There was no statistical difference between the groups in terms of oxidative DNA damage, GSH/GSSG levels, or EcSOD activity. Although the biologic significance of cytokines alterations in radiation exposed workers is unclear, further studies are needed for determining the underlying mechanism of their elevation.

Eye Lens Opacities Among Physicians Occupationally Exposed to Ionizing Radiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 945-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anssi Auvinen ◽  
Tero Kivelä ◽  
Sirpa Heinävaara ◽  
Samy Mrena
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Eye Lens ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Lens Opacities

The disposal of radioactive wastes into the marine environment: the presence of hot particles containing Pu and Am in the source term

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (351) ◽  
pp. 177-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Source Term ◽  
Nuclear Fuels ◽  
Solid Matter ◽  
Hot Particles ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Particulate Debris ◽  
Reprocessing Plant

AbstractRadioactive particulate matter (identified as hot particles) is present in the effluent discharged by the British Nuclear Fuels Ltd (BNFL) uranium reprocessing plant at Sellafield, Cumbria, UK. There is very little information on the abundance or chemical and physical forms of solid matter in the effluent; even less is known of the significance of particulate debris in relation to the uptake of radionuclides for non-occupationally exposed people as a result of transfer along marine foodchains. Some observations on the occurrence and abundance of hot particles in the vicinity of Sellafield are reported, with special reference to those that contain transuranic radionuclides (Pu,Am,Cm). Some of the uncertainties are discussed in an evaluation of the significance of hot particles, albeit aggregates of colloids for the smallest particles, and exposure to man from ionizing radiation. There is no evidence that hot particles derived from BNFL and subsequently dispersed into the marine environment represent a hazard to man. However, further studies are required in order to determine whether or not the pathways followed by the particles are significant, or different to those of other radionuclides through which the radiation exposure of man within this region of Cumbria is assessed.

Risk of Various Types of Cataracts in a Cohort of Mayak Workers Following Chronic Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
T. Azizova ◽  
N. Hamada ◽  
E. Grigor'eva ◽  
E. Bragin
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Posterior Subcapsular Cataract ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Cumulative Radiation Dose ◽  
Unit Dose ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Smoking Index

Purpose: To assess cataract type specific risks in a cohort of workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation over prolonged periods. Material and methods: The present retrospective cohort study included 22,377 workers first employed at a nuclear production facility in 1948–1982 and followed up till the end of 2008. By the end of the follow-up period in the study worker cohort 3123 cases of cortical cataract, 1239 cases of posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) and 2033 cases of nuclear cataracts were registered over 486,245, 489,162, 492,004 person-years of follow-up, respectively. Results: The incidence of PSC, cortical and nuclear cataracts was significantly linearly associated with the cumulative radiation dose. The excess relative risk per unit dose of external gamma-ray exposure (ERR/Sv) was 0.91 (95 % CI: 0.67–1.20) for PSC, 0.63 (95 % CI: 0.49–0.76) for cortical cataracts and 0.47 (95 % CI: 0.35–0.60) for nuclear cataracts. Exclusion of an adjustment for neutron dose and inclusion of additional adjustments for body mass index and smoking index reduced ERRs/Sv for all types of cataracts. However, an additional adjustment for glaucoma increased the incidence risks of cortical and nuclear cataracts just modestly (but not for PSC). Inclusion of an adjustment for diabetes mellitus reduced the ERR/Sv of external gamma-ray exposure only for PSC incidence. Increased incidence risks of all cataract types were observed in both males and females of the study cohort, but ERR/Sv was significantly higher in females (p < 0.001), especially for PSC. Conclusion: The incidence of various types of cataracts in the cohort of workers occupationally chronically exposed to ionizing radiation was associated with the cumulative dose of external gamma-ray exposure.

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