PARENTS AS ‘CONSUMERS’ OF EDUCATION IN ENGLAND AND WALES AND THE NETHERLANDS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEVILLE HARRIS ◽  
SOPHIE VAN BIJSTERVELD
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
Marc Barennes ◽  
Tessel Bosse ◽  
Hans Bousie ◽  
Sarah Subrémon

Several legal topics regarding cartel damages litigation have drawn special attention over the last few years, including the passing-on defence. ‘Passing-on’ in competition cases is where overcharges caused by a cartel, which affect the customers of the cartelists (direct purchasers), are passed-on by these purchasers to buyers further down the supply chain (indirect purchasers). Cartel members regularly invoke this defence as a (partial) shield against a claim for damages. The EU Damages Directive contains two important presumptions in connection to passed-on damages. This article undertakes a comparative analysis of how the courts in the Netherlands, France and England and Wales apply these presumptions in practice in their case law.


Author(s):  
Тамерлан Шайх-Магомедович Едреев

Каждый имеет право на жилище. Никто не может быть произвольно лишен жилища. В статье проанализированы особенности реализации универсального права человека на жилище в отдельных странах (на примере Нидерландов и ЮАР), принадлежащих к разным правовым семьям. Everyone has the right to housing. No one can be arbitrarily deprived of their home. The article analyzes the features of the implementation of the universal human right to housing in individual countries (on the example of the Netherlands and South Africa) belonging to different legal families.


2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 189-217
Author(s):  
Johannes Keiler ◽  
André Klip

Abstract The cross-border execution of judgments remains difficult in practice for European Member States. This article seeks to analyze why this may be the case with regard to four different modalities of sentences: (1) prison sentences and other measures involving deprivation of liberty, (2) conditional sentences and alternative measures, (3) financial penalties and (4) confiscation orders. Based on a comparative analysis, this article investigates the problems at stake regarding the cross-border execution of judgements in Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands and identifies possible causes and explanations for these. The analysis shows that impediments to cooperation may inter alia stem from differences in national law and diverging national sentencing practices and cultures and may furthermore be related to a lack of possibilities for cooperation in the preliminary phase of a transfer. Moreover, some obstacles to cooperation may be country-specific and self-made, due to specific choices and approaches of national criminal justice systems.


2019 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 119-133
Author(s):  
Ariadna H. Ochnio

The scope of extended confiscation is determined, inter alia, by the choice of triggering offences in Directive 2014/42/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on the freezing and confiscation of instrumentalities and proceeds of crime in the European Union. The question arises whether EU law guarantees appropriate limits of extended confiscation considering its specificity and the growing range of application in national legal orders. The study compared the normative framework of extended confiscation adopted in the criminal law of Poland, Romania, Germany, Austria, France, Spain, Finland, the Netherlands, and England and Wales. The list of offences, relevant for the scope of extended confiscation, is to be assessed by the Commission by 4 October 2019. The conclusions of the study concern the need to introduce, at the level of EU law, adequate safeguards against the disproportionate application of extended confiscation.


Geotectonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 807-820
Author(s):  
M. A. F. Miraj ◽  
A. Ali ◽  
N. Ahsan ◽  
Sh. Afgan ◽  
R. F. Saleem

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document