Self-Management of Cardiac-Related Health Issues

2017 ◽  
pp. 262-283
Author(s):  
Noa Vilchinsky
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Therapeutic Recommendations ◽  
Effective Procedures

One of the strongest means by which to reduce the risk of cardiac events’ recurrence and mortality is via restructuring major lifestyle habits and self-management of one’s risk factors. The therapeutic recommendations consists of smoking cessation, changing dietary choices, exercising on a regular basis, taking medication, and managing one’s psychological distress. Yet many individuals with cardiac impairments find it extremely difficult to manage them. Most barriers for self-management can be organized under the following coordinates: systemic and sociocultural barriers, gender-related barriers, and psychologically related barriers. The demanding task of improving individuals’ self-management is not inherently of individuals and their family members only. Health systems and health providers within them should develop and apply novel and effective procedures to support individuals to self-manage their life situation, thus transforming it from crisis to challenge.

Loneliness, social isolation and cardiovascular risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson Alun ◽  
Barbara Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

Loneliness and social isolation are increasingly being acknowledged as risk factors for both physical and mental health problems. Recent statistics demonstrate that loneliness and isolation are on the rise internationally, to the point of being classed as an epidemic. In this paper, the authors outline some of the recent research linking loneliness and isolation to significant chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes; mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression; cognitive disorders and dementia. Isolation has also been shown to compromise recovery after acute cardiac events, being associated with increased hospital readmission and premature death. Indeed, isolation has now been identified as a risk factor equivalent in effect to traditional risk factors such as smoking, hypertension and obesity. While distinguishing between objective and subjective indicators of isolation, the authors highlight the complexity of this phenomenon, both in terms of definition and measurement, as well as the interplay between subjective and objective indicators. Important clinical implications for health professionals working with cardiac patients are also proposed, in terms of screening for isolation, and possible interventions to support patients at risk of isolation. The aim of the current article is to emphasise the importance of acknowledging loneliness and isolation as key risk factors requiring urgent attention, both in research and in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Psychological Distress and Its Risk Factors in Patients with Primary Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Masato Ise ◽  
Eiji Nakata ◽  
Yoshimi Katayama ◽  
Masanori Hamada ◽  
Toshiyuki Kunisada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Primary Bone ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Numeric Rating

Psychological distress is common in patients with soft tissue and bone tumors. We first investigated its frequency and the associated risk factors in patients with pre-operative bone and soft tissue tumors. Participants included 298 patients with bone and soft tissue tumors who underwent surgery in our institution between 2015 and 2020. Psychological distress was evaluated by the Distress and Impact Thermometer (DIT) that consists of two types of questions (questions about the severity of the patient’s distress (DIT-D) and its impact (DIT-I)). We used a cut-off point of 4 on the DIT-D and 3 on the DIT-I for screening patients with psychological distress. We therefore investigated: (1) the prevalence of psychological distress as assessed with DIT or distress thermometer (DT), which can be decided by DIT-D ≥ 4, (2) what are the risk factors for the prevalence of psychological distress, and (3) what is the number of patients who consulted a psychiatrist for psychological distress in patients with pre-operative bone and soft tissue tumors. With DIT and DT, we identified 64 patients (21%) and 95 patients (32%), respectively, with psychological distress. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that older age, sex (female), malignancy (malignant or intermediate tumor), a lower Barthel Index, and higher numeric rating scale were risk factors for psychological distress. Two patients (3%) consulted a psychiatrist after surgery. In conclusion, careful attention to psychological distress is needed, especially for female patients, older patients, and those with malignant soft or bone tissue tumors who have more than moderate pain.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Telehealth coaching to improve self-management for secondary prevention after stroke: A randomized controlled trial of Stroke Coach

2021 ◽  
pp. 174749302110176
Author(s):  
Brodie M Sakakibara ◽  
Scott A Lear ◽  
Susan I Barr ◽  
Charles Goldsmith ◽  
Amy Schneeberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Community Living ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviour ◽  
Mild Stroke

Background: Stroke Coach is a lifestyle coaching telehealth program to improve self-management of stroke risk factors. Aims: To examine the efficacy of Stroke Coach on lifestyle behaviour and risk factor control among community-living stroke survivors within one-year post stroke. Methods: Participants were randomized to Stroke Coach or an attention control Memory Training group. Lifestyle behaviour was measured using the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. Secondary outcomes included specific behavioural and cardiometabolic risk factors, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), cognitive status, and depressive symptoms. Measurements were taken at baseline, post-intervention (6 months), and retention (12 month). Linear mixed-effects models were used to test the study hypotheses (p<0.05). All analyses were intention-to-treat. Results: The mean age of the Stroke Coach (n=64) and Memory Training (n=62) groups was 67.2 and 69.1 years, respectively. The majority of participants (n = 100) had mild stroke (modified Rankin Scale = 1 or 2), were active, with controlled blood pressure (mean = 129/79 mmHg) at baseline. At post-intervention, there were no significant differences in lifestyle (b = -2.87; 95%CI -8.03 to 2.29; p=0.28). Glucose control, as measured by HbA1c (b = 0.17; 95%CI 0.17 to 0.32; p=0.03), and HRQoL, measured using SF-36 Physical Component Summary (b = -3.05; 95%CI -5.88 to -0.21; p=0.04), were significantly improved in Stroke Coach compared to Memory Training, and the improvements were maintained at retention. Conclusion: Stroke Coach did not improve lifestyle behaviour, however, there were improvements to HbA1c and HRQoL among community-living stroke survivors with mild stroke-related disability. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02207023)

Consumption of carbonated soft drinks among Ghanaian adolescents: associations with socio-demographic factors, health risk factors and psychological distress

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602199693
Author(s):  
Prince Atorkey ◽  
Mariam Akwei ◽  
Winifred Asare-Doku
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Carbonated Soft Drinks ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Carbonated soft drinks consumption is associated with weight gain and other chronic diseases. Aim: To examine whether socio-demographic factors, health risk factors and psychological distress are associated with carbonated soft drink consumption among adolescents in selected senior high schools in Ghana. Methods: Data were obtained from the 2012 Ghana Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). Participants consisted of 1756 school-going adolescents sampled using a two-stage cluster sampling method. Binomial logistic regression was used to determine whether socio-demographic factors, health risk factors and psychological distress were associated with consumption of soft drinks. Results: The prevalence of carbonated soft drinks consumption was 34.9%. Males (odds ratio (OR) = 0.73 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.59–0.92); p = 0.007), and participants with high socio-economic status (OR = 0.76 (95% CI 0.48–0.97); p = 0.033) had smaller odds for consumption of soft drinks. Also, adolescents in Senior High School (SHS) 3 (OR = 0.72 (95% CI 0.53–0.97); p = 0.034) and SHS 4 (OR = 0.63 (95% CI 0.43–0.91); p = 0.014) had smaller odds for soft drinks intake compared to those in SHS 1. Health risk factors associated with greater odds of high soft drink consumption were tobacco use (OR = 1.68, (95% CI 1.07–2.65); p = 0.025), fast food consumption (OR = 1.88, (95% CI 1.47–2.41); p = 0.011) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.43, (95% CI 1.02–1.99); p = 0.039). Consuming adequate fruit (OR = 0.19 (95% CI 0.15–0.24); p = 0.000) and adequate vegetable (OR = 0.55 (95% CI 0.34–0.87); p = 0.011) were associated with lower odds for soft drink consumption. Adolescents who reported feeling anxious had smaller odds for soft drink intake (OR = 0.65, (95% CI 0.47–0.91); p = 0.011). Conclusions: The findings from this study show that socio-demographic characteristics, health risk factors and psychological distress are associated with the soft drink consumption among adolescents in Ghana. Interventions aimed at reducing soft drink consumption and other health risk factors are needed.

Risk factors for psychological distress in Northern Ireland

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 646-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Mahedy ◽  
Flora Todaro-Luck ◽  
Brendan Bunting ◽  
Samuel Murphy ◽  
Karen Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Northern Ireland

scholarly journals Cardiotoxicity Associated with Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR-T) Therapy: Recognition, Risk Factors, and Management

Diseases ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Ethan A. Burns ◽  
Cesar Gentille ◽  
Barry Trachtenberg ◽  
Sai Ravi Pingali ◽  
Kartik Anand
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Prolonged Length ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Car T ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) are improving outcomes in pediatric and adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias and subtypes of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. As this treatment is being increasingly utilized, a better understanding of the unique toxicities associated with this therapy is warranted. While there is growing knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), relatively little is known about the associated cardiac events that occur with CRS that may result in prolonged length of hospital stay, admission to the intensive care unit for pressor support, or cardiac death. This review focuses on the various manifestations of cardiotoxicity, potential risk factors, real world and clinical trial data on prevalence of reported cardiotoxicity events, and treatment recommendations.

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