Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Abdominal And Pelvic Pain ◽  
Related Mortality

This chapter, found in the abdominal and pelvic pain section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of ultrasound for screening asymptomatic patients for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. The study showed that screening for AAAs can decrease aneurysm-related mortality rates. However, since AAAs contribute to less than 3% of all deaths, screening provides no significant decrease in all-cause mortality. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

Imaging Appendicitis in Children

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Pelvic Ultrasound ◽  
Suspected Appendicitis ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Abdominal And Pelvic Pain ◽  
Very High

This chapter, found in the abdominal and pelvic pain section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) among children with suspected appendicitis. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. The study showed that CT with contrast after a negative or indeterminate pelvic ultrasound leads to very high accuracy in diagnosing acute appendicitis in children. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

Imaging for Suspected Nephrolithiasis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Renal Colic ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Additional Imaging ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Abdominal And Pelvic Pain ◽  
Initial Imaging

This chapter, found in the abdominal and pelvic pain section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of ultrasound and computed tomography for suspected nephrolithiasis. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. The study found that initial imaging with ultrasonography for suspected nephrolithiasis has similar diagnostic accuracy and short-term patient outcomes, but is associated with lower cumulative radiation exposure, compared to initial imaging with CT for suspected nephrolithiasis. Thus, ultrasound should be used as the initial diagnostic imaging test for patients with suspected renal colic, with additional imaging performed as needed. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

Multidetector CT for Acute Appendicitis in Adults

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Negative Findings ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Abdominal And Pelvic Pain

This chapter, found in the abdominal and pelvic pain section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of multidetector computed tomography for diagnosing acute appendicitis in adults. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. This technique was shown to reduce rates of perforation and negative findings at appendectomy when incorporated into routine diagnostic algorithms, and can redirect management for patients with alternative diagnoses. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

The Cochrane Review of Screening Mammography

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Hochman
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Study Methodology

This chapter, found in the bone, joint, and extremity pain section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of Doppler ultrasound for diagnosing suspected lower extremity deep venous thrombosis. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. This study demonstrated that 2-point ultrasonography is equivalent to the whole-leg ultrasonography for diagnosing symptomatic deep venous thrombosis. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

Computed Tomography for Minor Head Injury

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Minor Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Study Methodology

This chapter, found in the headache section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of computed tomography (CT) scans for minor head injury using the New Orleans criteria. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. The study showed that head CT scans for patients with minor head injury can be safely limited to those presenting with at least 1 of 7 specific clinical findings. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

Ultrasound for Diagnosing Suspected Symptomatic Deep Venous Thrombosis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Vignette ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Salient Features

This chapter, found in the bone, joint, and extremity pain section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of Doppler ultrasound for diagnosing suspected lower extremity deep venous thrombosis. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. This study demonstrated that 2-point ultrasonography is equivalent to the whole-leg ultrasonography for diagnosing symptomatic deep venous thrombosis. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

Decision Rules for Imaging Acute Ankle Injuries

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Rules ◽  
Clinical Vignette ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Ottawa Ankle Rules ◽  
Acute Injuries ◽  
Study Methodology

This chapter, found in the bone, joint, and extremity pain section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of the Ottawa ankle rules for imaging acute ankle injuries. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. The study showed that the refined and validated Ottawa Ankle Rules have the potential to reduce approximately 30% to 34% of all foot and ankle radiographs for acute injuries, with 100% sensitivity for reliably detecting foot and ankle fractures. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

Abnormal MRI of the Lumbar Spine without Back Pain

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Incidental Findings ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

This chapter, found in the back pain section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining incidental findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbar spine in patients without back pain. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. The study showed that many people without back pain have disk bulges or protrusions on imaging of the lumbar spine, but that these findings are frequently coincidental and should not necessarily lead to further tests or interventions. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

Vertebroplasty for Osteoporotic Spinal Fractures

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Spinal Fractures ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Similar Symptom ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Osteoporotic Spinal Fractures

This chapter, found in the back pain section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the use of vertebroplasty for osteoporotic spinal fractures. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. For patients with pain from fractures of less than 1 year duration, vertebroplasty brings similar symptom and quality of life improvements as a simulated vertebroplasty. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

Imaging Selection and Endovascular Treatment for Ischemic Stroke

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph I. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Endovascular Treatment ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Study Methodology

This chapter, found in the headache section of the book, provides a succinct synopsis of a key study examining the imaging selection and endovascular treatment for ischemic stroke. This summary outlines the study methodology and design, major results, limitations and criticisms, related studies and additional information, and clinical implications. Researchers found that a favorable penumbral pattern by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging does not help identify patients who would benefit from endovascular therapy for acute stroke, and that embolectomy is not superior to standard care with regard to clinical and imaging outcomes for acute ischemic stroke. In addition to outlining the most salient features of the study, a clinical vignette and imaging example are included in order to provide relevant clinical context.

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