Complementary and Integrative Health Approaches for PTSD

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmeline Edwards ◽  
Eve Reider ◽  
Wendy Weber
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
The Public ◽  
Integrative Health ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Body Practices

Complementary and integrative health strategies are increasingly used by the public to treat a variety of health concerns and to improve wellness. Many individuals with mental health diagnoses, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), have incorporated a group of complementary and integrative health strategies known as mind and body practices in their health care regimen. These practices include meditation, acupuncture, deep breathing and relaxation techniques, massage therapy, yoga, and biofeedback/neurofeedback. Thus far, the literature on the efficacy of mind and body interventions for PTSD is limited and better studies are needed to test both efficacy and effectiveness. This chapter presents information on the use of mind and body practices for PTSD, referring primarily to systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health recently released its fourth strategic plan, Exploring the Science of Complementary and Integrative Health, which emphasizes the development of a strong evidence base in complementary and integrative heath research.

Public Health Aspects of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Patients Who Have Experienced a Car Accident

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Beti Zafirova ◽  
Sonja Topuzovska ◽  
Julija Zhivadinovik ◽  
Marija Andonova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
The Public ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Car Accident

The main aim of this research was to show the public health aspects of the emergence of post-traumatic stress disorder patients (PTSD) following a traffic accident.

Falling Out of Performance: Pragmatic Breakdown in Veterans’ Storytelling

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristiana Willsey
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Military Veterans ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
The Public ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Military ◽  
War Stories ◽  
Careful Management

Unfortunately, coming to terms with disability and trauma are all too familiar foes for American combat veterans, many of whom receive inadequate, delayed, or nonexistent treatment options upon returning home. We conclude this volume with chapter 10, “Falling Out of Performance: Pragmatic Breakdown in Veterans’ Storytelling,” in which Kristiana Willsey provides new insights into the ways in which U.S. military veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan make meaning and process trauma through the sharing of narratives. She argues that naturalizing the labor of narrative—by assuming stories are inherently transformative, redemptive, or unifying—obscures the responsibilities of the audience as co-authors, putting the burden on veterans to both share their experiences of war, and simultaneously scaffold those experiences for an American public that (with the ongoing privatization of the military and the ever-shifting fronts of global warfare) is increasingly alienated from its military. Importantly, Willsey asserts that the public exhortations in which veterans tell their stories in an effort to cultivate a kind of cultural catharsis can put them in an impossible position: urged to tell their war stories; necessitating the careful management of those stories for audiences uniquely historically disassociated from their wars; and then conflating the visible management of those stories with the “spoiled identity” of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Ideal ◽  
Post Traumatic

I believe that we are witnessing a cultural change as regards the public perception of stress. In past decades an almost military heroism, or at the very least a reticence in discussing fear, appeared to be the cultural ideal. Memories of our imperial past impelled us to keep a stiff upper lip, and recollections of war-time privation and sacrifice tempered people's willingness to complain too much about the demands and dangers of everyday life.

scholarly journals What work-related exposures are associated with post-traumatic stress disorder? A systematic review with meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e049651
Author(s):  
Pieter Coenen ◽  
Henk F van der Molen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Evidence Quality ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Meta Analyses

ObjectivesAlthough there is evidence that work-related exposures cause post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there are few quantitative studies assessing the degree to which these factors contribute to PTSD. This systematic review with meta-analysis identified work-related exposures associated with PTSD, and quantified their contribution to this disorder.MethodsWe searched Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, PILOTS and Web of Science (2005–10 September 2019) for longitudinal studies on work-related exposures and PTSD. We described included articles, and conducted meta-analyses for exposures with sufficient homogeneous information. We performed subgroup analyses for risk of bias, study design and PTSD ascertainment. We assessed evidence quality using Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation, and estimated population attributable fractions.ResultsAfter screening 8590 records, we selected 33 studies (n=5 719 236). From what was moderate quality evidence at best, we identified various work-related exposures that were associated with PTSD, mainly involving individuals in the military and first responder (eg, police or fire brigade) occupations. These exposures included the number of army deployments (OR: 1.15 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.16)), combat exposure (OR 1.89 (95% CI 1.46 to 2.45)), army deployment (OR 1.79 (95% CI 1.45 to 2.21)) and confrontation with death (OR 1.63 (95% CI 1.41 to 1.90)). Effects were robust across subgroups and exposures attributed modestly (7%–34%) to PTSD. We identified additional exposures in other occupations, including life threats, being present during an attack, and hearing about a colleague’s trauma.ConclusionsWe identified various work-related exposures associated with PTSD and quantified their contribution. While exposure assessment, PTSD ascertainment and inconsistency may have biased our findings, our data are of importance for development of preventive interventions and occupational health guidelines.

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: study protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e020198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing Zhang ◽  
Xinyu Zhou ◽  
Lining Yang ◽  
Sarah E Hetrick ◽  
John R Weisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common among children and adolescents who are exposed to trauma, and it is often associated with significant negative impacts on their psychosocial functioning and quality of life. Many types of psychotherapies have been found to be effective for PTSD in children and adolescents. However, due to the lack of direct comparisons between different psychotherapies, the hierarchy of treatment efficacy is still unclear. Therefore, we plan to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of various types of psychotherapies for PTSD in children and adolescents.Methods and analysisA systematic search will be conducted among eight electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress (PILOTS) and ProQuest Dissertations, from inception to October 2017. Randomised controlled trials, regardless of language, publication year and publication type, comparing any psychotherapies for PTSD to any control condition or alternative treatment in children and adolescents (18 years old or less) diagnosed with full or subclinical PTSD will be included. Study duration and the number of treatment sessions will not be limited. The primary outcome will be PTSD symptom severity at post-treatment as measured by a rating scale reported by the child, parent or a clinician. The secondary outcomes will include: (1) efficacy at follow-up; (2) acceptability (all-cause discontinuation); (3) anxiety symptom severity; (4) depressive symptom severity and (5) quality of life and functional improvement. Bayesian network meta-analyses for all relative outcome measures will be performed. We will conduct subgroup and sensitivity network meta-analyses to determine whether the findings are affected by study characteristics. The quality of the evidence contributing to network estimates of the primary outcome will be evaluated by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations framework.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical issues are foreseen. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, which will be disseminated electronically and in print. This network meta-analysis may be updated to inform and guide the clinical management of PTSD in children and adolescents.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016051786.

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. ebmental-2021-300346
Author(s):  
Yajie Xiang ◽  
Andrea Cipriani ◽  
Teng Teng ◽  
Cinzia Del Giovane ◽  
Yuqing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundAvailable evidence on the comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents remains uncertain.ObjectiveWe aimed to compare and rank the different types and formats of psychotherapies for PTSD in children and adolescents.MethodsWe searched eight databases and other international registers up to 31 December 2020. The pairwise meta-analyses and frequentist network meta-analyses estimated pooled standardised mean differences (SMDs) and ORs with random-effects model. Efficacy at post-treatment and follow-up, acceptability, depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured.FindingsWe included 56 randomised controlled trials with 5327 patients comparing 14 different types of psychotherapies and 3 control conditions. For efficacy, cognitive processing therapy (CPT), behavioural therapy (BT), individual trauma-focused cognitive–behavioural therapy (TF-CBT), eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing, and group TF-CBT were significantly superior to all control conditions at post-treatment and follow-up (SMDs between −2.42 and −0.25). Moreover, CPT, BT and individual TF-CBT were more effective than supportive therapy (SMDs between −1.92 and −0.49). Results for depressive and anxiety symptoms were similar to the findings for the primary outcome. Most of the results were rated as ‘moderate’ to ‘very low’ in terms of confidence of evidence.ConclusionsCPT, BT and individual TF-CBT appear to be the best choices of psychotherapy for PTSD in young patients. Other types and different ways of delivering psychological treatment can be alternative options. Clinicians should consider the importance of each outcome and the patients’ preferences in real clinical practice.

Religion and psychiatry: recent developments in research

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 262-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold G. Koenig ◽  
Faten Al-Zaben ◽  
Tyler J. VanderWeele
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYThe evidence base on the relationship between religion and mental health is growing rapidly, and we summarise the latest research on the topic. This includes studies on religious involvement and depression, bipolar disorder, suicide, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance use disorders, personality disorder, chronic psychotic disorder, marital/family stability, social support and psychological well-being. We also review a relatively new topic in psychiatry, moral injury, which often accompanies PTSD and may interfere with its treatment. We describe a theoretical model that explains how religion might affect mental health and briefly discuss its applications in clinical practice, including a discussion of religiously integrated therapies for depression, anxiety and other emotional problems. Overall, studies indicate that religious involvement often serves as a powerful resource for patients, one that can be integrated into psychiatric care. At times, however, religion may impede or complicate treatment. This article will help clinicians determine, on the basis of the latest research, whether religion is an asset or a liability for a particular patient.

Public Health Aspects of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Patients Who Have Experienced a Car Accident

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Beti Zafirova ◽  
Sonja Topuzovska ◽  
Julija Zhivadinovik ◽  
Marija Andonova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
The Public ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Car Accident

The main aim of this research was to show the public health aspects of the emergence of post-traumatic stress disorder patients (PTSD) following a traffic accident.

Primary prevention and epidemiology of trauma- and stress-related disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 860-868
Author(s):  
Maria Bragesjö ◽  
Emily A. Holmes ◽  
Filip Arnberg ◽  
Erik M. Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Acute Stress Disorder ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder are mental health conditions with a known onset, and prevention strategies can therefore be used to try to prevent the emergence of the full-blown disorder. This chapter provides an overview of the current evidence-based prevention strategies for post-traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder. In the first part, diagnostic and epidemiological features of these disorders are considered. The second part of the chapter reviews the evidence base of current preventive psychological and pharmacological interventions. Although some early trials on primary intervention have shown promising effects, it appears too soon to provide any definite recommendation in clinical practice. Importantly, many current widely disseminated treatments lack evidence, and some interventions (for example, debriefing) may, in fact, have a negative impact on the natural recovery after trauma. This chapter highlights the importance of using science-driven interventions to prevent post-traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder.

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