Clinical Processes and Symptom Management

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perry G. Fine ◽  
Matthew Kestenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Organic Brain Syndrome ◽  
Processes Of Care ◽  
Organic Brain ◽  
Systemic Manifestations ◽  
Severe Anxiety

This chapter describes what to do when a patient experiences severe anxiety and uncontrolled agitation that negatively affect care and the caregiving environment. Agitation and severe anxiety (panic) represent some of the few true emergency conditions in a hospice setting, so early recognition and prevention are critical. The discussion covers causes in depth, including psychosocial/spiritual and biomedical causes. The chapter details a tactical approach to evaluating and managing severe anxiety and agitation. An example of this is assessing if the patient has an organic brain syndrome due to advancing disease with either local or systemic manifestations and reviewing medications for adverse drug reactions. It then details appropriate processes of care, such as providing pharmacotherapy for acute and recurrent agitation.

Patient Experiences of Serious Adverse Drug Reactions and Their Attitudes to Medicines

Drug Safety ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tehreem F. Butt ◽  
Anthony R. Cox ◽  
Helen Lewis ◽  
Robin E. Ferner
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Drug Reactions

scholarly journals 16 Importance of early recognition of adverse drug reactions (ADR) induced by lamotrigine

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (S2) ◽  
pp. 77-78
Author(s):  
Banovac Marin ◽  
Macolić Šarinić Viola ◽  
Arapović Selma ◽  
Tomić Siniša
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Drug Reactions

scholarly journals POS1279 ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN TUBERCULOSIS AND MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 923.2-923
Author(s):  
R. Grassa ◽  
N. El Amri ◽  
S. Lataoui ◽  
O. Jomaa ◽  
H. Zeglaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
World Health ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Background:Around 10 million people worldwide contract tuberculosis (TB) every year. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately one-quarter of the world’s population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its treatment is extremely long and patients may experience a variety of adverse reactions.Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess the different adverse drug reactions (ADR’s) in patients treated with first-line anti-tubercular drugs.Methods:This retrospective study included 45 cases of TB followed in the Rheumatology department of Farhat Hached hospital in Sousse, Tunisia, over a period of 22 years (1998-2020).Results:The mean age was 52.2 ± 17.72 years [14-95 years]. These were 19 men (42.2%) and 26 women (57.8%).The different locations of tuberculosis were as follows: pulmonary for 5 patients (11.1%), spinal for 26 patients (57.8%), articular for one patient (2.2%), urinary for two (4.4%), and multifocal for 8 patients (17.8%). An anti-tuberculosis treatment (based on quadrytherapy: Rifadine(R), Isoniazide(I), Pyrazinamide (Z) and Ethambutol (E)during 2 months, followed by biotherapy based on (R)and (I) was prescribed for an average duration of 10.85 months [6-24 months]. ADR’s were observed in 53.33% of patients. Abdominal pain and nausea were detected in 5 cases (11.1%). Hepatic cytolyse was noticed in 8 cases (17.8%) under (R). Cholestatic hepatitis occurred in 9 cases (20%) under (R). Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia was detected in 15 cases (33.3%) with (E). Two cases of toxiderma were detected: the first under (E) and the second under (E) + (Z). Ethambutol was responsible for a case of DRESS syndrome and a case of drug-induced hepatitis. One case of hemolytic anemia had occurred under (R). A sensorineural hearing loss was noted under streptomycin in one case. No fatal side effects were observed. These ADR’s were reversible in all cases.Conclusion:The treatment of TB can cause a variety of ADRs’. Early recognition by active surveillance and appropriate management of these ADRs’ might improve adherence and treatment success.References:[1]Prasad, R., Singh, A., & Gupta, N. Adverse drug reactions in tuberculosis and management. Indian Journal of Tuberculosis, 66(4), 520–532 (2019).Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Adverse Drug Reactions with First-Line and Second-Line Drugs in Treatment of Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Prasad ◽  
Abhijeet Singh ◽  
Nikhil Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cutaneous Toxicity ◽  
Continuation Phase ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Discontinuation Of Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractDrug-susceptible tuberculosis (DS-TB) requires treatment with first-line drugs (FLDs) whereas drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) are treated with combination of second-line drugs (SLDs) and fewer FLDs. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to these drugs are quite evident as they are being used for longer duration. The overall prevalence of ADRs with FLDs and SLDs are estimated to vary from 8.0 to 85 and 69 to 96%, respectively. Most ADRs are observed in the intensive phase as compared to continuation phase. Major concerns exist regarding treatment of DR-TB patients, especially with SLDs having lower efficacy more toxicity and high cost as compared to FLDs. A variety of ADRs may be produced by anti-TB drugs ranging from mild or minor to severe or major like gastrointestinal toxicity (nausea/vomiting, diarrhoea, and hepatotoxicity), ototoxicity, neurotoxicity (peripheral neuropathy and seizures), nephrotoxicity, cutaneous toxicity, and cardiotoxicity. Most of ADRs are minor and can be managed without discontinuation of treatment. Few ADRs’ can be major causing life-threatening experience leading to either modification or discontinuation of regimen and even mortality. A careful monitoring of ADRs during the treatment with anti-TB drugs and early recognition and appropriate management of these ADRs might improve adherence leading to favorable outcome.

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON PRESCRIBING TRENDS AND ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN STROKE PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eby Mathew ◽  
Chandrika C. ◽  
Preethy Mathew Karanath ◽  
Srinivasa R.
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Prescribing Trends ◽  
Use Pattern ◽  
Pedal Edema

Objective: To evaluate medication use pattern and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among stroke patients admitted in Neurology department of a multi-speciality hospital.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of 6 mo, in a 750 bedded multi-speciality hospital in Bangalore. The clinical pharmacist analysed the medication use pattern and occurrence of ADRs in stroke patients.Results: Out of 100 patients, 75% had an ischemic stroke and 25% had a hemorrhagic stroke. The incidence of stroke was found to be higher in males (66%) compared to females (34%). Most of the patients were of the age group>60 y (52%). The common risk factors for stroke were hypertension (31%), diabetes (24%), and dyslipidemia (21%). The average number of drugs prescribed per patient was 7.67±3.1. The most common class of drugs prescribed were antihypertensives (14.3%), neuroprotectors (14.1%), antiplatelets (11.5%) and antihyperlipidemic (10.4%). Aspirin monotherapy was more prevalent in this study. Only 4 patients received thrombolytics. During the study, a total of 18 ADRs were reported from 14 patients (18%). Amlodipine (16.6%) and fondaparinux (11%) were the more frequent to cause ADRs. The most common reactions were bleeding (33.3%), pedal edema (16.6%) and headache (11.1%).Conclusion: The study helps to identify drug utilization pattern and in addition to monitor adverse drug reactions among stroke patients. The study also emphasises the need for creating awareness regarding early recognition of stroke symptoms, which helps to prevent the occurrence of stroke.

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