Emotional Management, Psychological Issues, and Motivational Interviewing

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Pierre N. Azzam
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
General Population ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Emotional Management ◽  
Living With Hiv

People living with HIV (PLWH) experience significant psychological distress and are at risk of developing psychiatric symptoms and disorders similar to those seen in the general population. This chapter summarizes and reviews the psychological issues and challenges experienced by PLWH and discusses the integration of motivational interviewing (MI) into the patient-centered multifaceted medical and psychological care of PLWH. In the closing section, the author looks at future directions for using MI to care for PLWH and suffering from depression, anxiety, and/or trauma-based disorders and argues that further studies are needed to elucidate the efficacy, advantages, and potential limitations of MI for mitigating emotional distress specifically in PLWH.

Comorbid Medical Problems and Motivational Interviewing

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Sharon Connor ◽  
Hanna K. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure Patient ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
Living With Hiv

As HIV treatments become more effective and accessible, people living with HIV (PLWH) are achieving longer lifespans; however, this aging population also faces a greater risk of age-related co-morbidities. Many chronic diseases affect people living with HIV disproportionately, including diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and congestive heart failure. Patient-centered healthcare should aim to optimize quality and length of life while also considering the person’s value system. Motivational interviewing (MI) has been effective in helping PLWH to better manage chronic diseases requiring behavioral modification in both high- and low-resource settings. MI is a useful approach in the complex care of PLWH and medical co-morbidities. MI can promote self-management integrating HIV care as well as other co-morbidities in the context of social and cultural factors. This chapter discusses the application of MI to achieve better control of co-morbid medical conditions in PLWH.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and outcomes of people living with HIV hospitalized with COVID-19: a nationwide experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-443
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Ceballos ◽  
Patricio Ross ◽  
Martin Lasso ◽  
Isabel Dominguez ◽  
Marcela Puente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
General Population ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Living With Hiv

In this prospective, multicentric, observational study, we describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of people living with HIV (PLHIV) requiring hospitalization due to COVID-19 in Chile and compare them with Chilean general population admitted with SARS-CoV-2. Consecutive PLHIV admitted with COVID-19 in 23 hospitals, between 16 April and 23 June 2020, were included. Data of a temporally matched-hospitalized general population were used to compare demography, comorbidities, COVID-19 symptoms, and major outcomes. In total, 36 PLHIV subjects were enrolled; 92% were male and mean age was 44 years. Most patients (83%) were on antiretroviral therapy; mean CD4 count was 557 cells/mm3. Suppressed HIV viremia was found in 68% and 56% had, at least, one comorbidity. Severe COVID-19 occurred in 44.4%, intensive care was required in 22.2%, and five patients died (13.9%). No differences were seen between recovered and deceased patients in CD4 count, HIV viral load, or time since HIV diagnosis. Hypertension and cardiovascular disease were associated with a higher risk of death ( p = 0.02 and 0.006, respectively). Compared with general population, the HIV cohort had significantly more men (OR 0.15; IC 95% 0.07–0.31) and younger age (OR 8.68; IC 95% 2.66–28.31). In PLHIV, we found more intensive care unit admission (OR 2.31; IC 95% 1.05–5.07) but no differences in the need for mechanical ventilation or death. In this cohort of PLHIV hospitalized with COVID-19, hypertension and cardiovascular comorbidities, but not current HIV viro-immunologic status, were the most important risk factors for mortality. No differences were found between PLHIV and general population in the need for mechanical ventilation and death.

scholarly journals Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. e100247
Author(s):  
Matt Pelton ◽  
Matt Ciarletta ◽  
Holly Wisnousky ◽  
Nicholas Lazzara ◽  
Monica Manglani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Living With Hiv

BackgroundPeople living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) must contend with a significant burden of disease. However, current studies of this demographic have yielded wide variations in the incidence of suicidality (defined as suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and suicide deaths).AimsThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidality in PLWHA.MethodsPublications were identified from PubMed (MEDLINE), SCOPUS, OVID (MEDLINE), Joanna Briggs Institute EBP and Cochrane Library databases (from inception to before 1 February 2020). The search strategy included a combination of Medical Subject Headings associated with suicide and HIV. Researchers independently screened records, extracted outcome measures and assessed study quality. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore the associated risk factors and to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Main outcomes were lifetime incidence of suicide completion and lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.ResultsA total of 185 199 PLWHA were identified from 40 studies (12 cohorts, 27 cross-sectional and 1 nested case-control). The overall incidence of suicide completion in PLWHA was 10.2/1000 persons (95%CI: 4.5 to 23.1), translating to 100-fold higher suicide deaths than the global general population rate of 0.11/1000 persons. The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was 158.3/1000 persons (95%CI: 106.9 to 228.2) and of suicidal ideation was 228.3/1000 persons (95%CI: 150.8 to 330.1). Meta-regression revealed that for every 10-percentage point increase in the proportion of people living with HIV with advanced disease (AIDS), the risk of suicide completion increased by 34 per 1000 persons. The quality of evidence by Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations for the suicide deaths was graded as ‘moderate’ quality.ConclusionsThe risk of suicide death is 100-fold higher in people living with HIV than in the general population. Lifetime incidence of suicidal ideation and attempts are substantially high. Suicide risk assessments should be a priority in PLWHA, especially for those with more advanced disease.

scholarly journals Increase in Unemployment over the 2000’s: Comparison between People Living with HIV and the French General Population

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e0165634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Annequin ◽  
France Lert ◽  
Bruno Spire ◽  
Rosemary Dray-Spira ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals AIDS-Related Kaposi Sarcoma, Version 2.2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Reid ◽  
Gita Suneja ◽  
Richard F. Ambinder ◽  
Kevin Ard ◽  
Robert Baiocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
General Population ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Nodal Disease ◽  
Nccn Guidelines ◽  
Living With Hiv

As treatment of HIV has improved, people living with HIV (PLWH) have experienced a decreased risk of AIDS and AIDS-defining cancers (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and cervical cancer), but the risk of Kaposi sarcoma in PLWH is still elevated about 500-fold compared with the general population in the United States. The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for AIDS-Related Kaposi Sarcoma provide diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance recommendations for PLWH who develop limited cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma and for those with advanced cutaneous, oral, visceral, or nodal disease.

scholarly journals Mortality and causes of death in people living with HIV in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy compared with the general population in Japan

AIDS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Nishijima ◽  
Yosuke Inaba ◽  
Yohei Kawasaki ◽  
Kunihisa Tsukada ◽  
Katsuji Teruya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
General Population ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Longitudinal Effects of SafeTalk, a Motivational Interviewing-Based Program to Improve Safer Sex Practices Among People Living with HIV/AIDS

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1182-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol E. Golin ◽  
Jo Anne Earp ◽  
Catherine A. Grodensky ◽  
Shilpa N. Patel ◽  
Chirayath Suchindran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Safer Sex ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Longitudinal Effects ◽  
Safer Sex Practices ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Sex Practices ◽  
Hiv Aids
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