RUSSIAN AND NORTHERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES COOPERATION IN DEVELOPING ARCTIC TOURISM

The Arctic as a territory of strategic presence is in the field of close attention of many players in the geopolitical and international economic arena. The Arctic tourism development over the past 15 years is due not only to the influence of business, social and cultural factors, as well as the growing interest of consumers to get a unique experience of travel to northern tourism destinations but is also associated with the development of global economic processes and diplomatic relations, which determine successful bilateral cooperation in interdepartmental and intergovernmental level. Multilateral cooperation and the implementation of jointly adopted tourism development programs within the framework of the activities of international organizations are also of great importance. With the restrictions on international and domestic travel in two recent years, the global tourism market entered a crisis state, which affected the dynamics of tourist arrivals in the Arctic and slowed down this development. The author, drawing attention to the current bilateral and intergovernmental agreements on cooperation in tourism between Russia and the Nordic countries and the Plan of significant events in connection with Russia's chairmanship in the Arctic Council in 2021–2023 proposes to support a peaceful and friendly policy of good-neighbourliness and cooperation in matters of sustainable tourism development in the Arctic, despite the claims of the European Union for interference in Arctic affairs, which were reflected in the European Commission's Joint Communication dated October 13, 2021.

Autonomous Braking System: for Automobile Use

Road fatality and injury are a worldwide issue in the transportation industry. Road traffic accidents are becoming increasingly significant due to higher mortality, injury, and disability across the world, particularly in developing and transitional economies. Eighty-five percent of the total road traffic fatalities occur in developing nations, with Asia-Pacific accounting for roughly half of them. A variety of factors influence road safety, including technological, physical, social, and cultural factors. The purpose of this research was to design an autonomous braking system (AuBS). Using the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Intelligent System (ANFIS), a DC motor, sensors, and SAuBS have been developed to customize the traditional hydraulic braking system. The genetic algorithm has been developed to simulate the fundamental characteristics of the automotive braking system. The AuBS system goal is to slow the car without the driver's help infrequent braking when the vehicle is moving at slower speeds. When the ANFIS performance is compared to that of the AuBS model, it is discovered that the ANFIS performs roughly 15% better.

Differences in Self-Rated Memory by Race/Ethnicity

Self-rated memory is an important dimension of well-being among older adults that has also been linked to cognitive impairment over the long term. However, few studies based on nationally-representative samples have examined differences in self-rated memory by race/ethnicity. This study explores differences in self-rated memory across non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic older adults in the United States. Data were drawn from the 2011 wave of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). The sample consisted of older adults aged 65 and older (N=4,753 non-Hispanic Whites, N=1,442 non-Hispanic Blacks, and N=388 Hispanics). Logistic regression was used to examine the association between having poor/fair self-rated memory and race/ethnicity, controlling for socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, education level, income, and marital status), chronic conditions (heart attack, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and depressive symptoms), objective memory status, functional limitations (activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living), and other social and cultural factors (economic vulnerability, religious practice, and limited English proficiency). I find that non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics have significantly higher odds of reporting poor/fair self-rated memory than non-Hispanic Whites. Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, Blacks and Hispanics had 33% and 56% higher odds of reporting poor/fair self-rated memory, respectively, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, chronic conditions, objective memory status, functional limitations, and social and cultural factors. These results provide evidence that understanding differences in self-rated memory across racial/ethnic groups may have important implications for health professionals, particularly in relation to conducting and interpreting cognitive screening assessments.

Exploring Gender Differences in Volunteer Behavior Among Older Asian Americans

Prior research has documented the health and well-being effects of volunteerism in later life, and that positive outcomes increase in the first 100 volunteer hours/year and slightly increase between 100-200 hours. Given this, it seems that using an intersectional lens to explore disparities in volunteer behaviors and what might explain them is important from a health equity standpoint. Using data from 268,194 individuals aged 65-85 from the most recently available Volunteer Supplement of the Current Population Survey, this study found that White older adults were most likely to spend any time in volunteer activities, while Asian and Hispanic older adults were least, across all racial/ethnic groups. Further, the percentage of older Asian women volunteering in the 100-200 hour range (27%) was significantly higher than that of older Asian men (19%). Social and cultural factors that may explain these racial/gender differences and implications for recruiting older adults as volunteers are discussed.

Impacts of behavioural factors on the household water consumption in urban areas

Gaps in understanding what influences household water consumption has led water providers failing to convince their customers to report sustainable practices. To this end, the present study aimed to answer the question, “How do social and cultural factors influence water consumption in urban areas”? The response to this issue has been identified through an investigation that involved a group of selected socio-cultural factors, whose analysis was based on collected survey data from participants in Lagos-Nigeria, Salvador-Brazil, Sao Paulo-Brazil, London-UK and Los Angeles-USA. The Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model was used as a data analysis framework to identify influences. The investigation revealed that Motivation is the most reported driver of water consumption. In a scale from 0 (lowest) to 5 (highest), this component presented the most significant scores in Lagos (3.93), Salvador (4.13), Sao Paulo (3.88), London (4.13) and Los Angeles (3.59). The Capability dimension had the second-highest weight in Lagos, Salvador, Sao Paulo, and Los Angeles, with scores of 2.80, 3.60, 3.60 and 3.20, respectively. Participants from London have Opportunity (score= 2.88) as the second influential pillar in water consumption. These findings are aimed at helping to best drive water saving practices by gaining insight into factors underpinning water consumption in a structured manner.

Translating science into practice in clinical psychology: A reformulation of the evidence-based practice inquiry model

The model of evidence-based practice (EBP) directs clinicians to integrate the best available research evidence, clinical expertise, client preferences and values, and social and cultural factors in the assessment and treatment of psychological problems. Despite its many strengths, the five-step inquiry component of the EBP model suffers from several conceptual and practical problems that make it difficult to implement in practice. In this article, we first outline the transdisciplinary EBP model. Second, several criticisms of the overall EBP model are outlined and briefly discussed. Third, five pressing problems in the inquiry component of the EBP model are identified: (a) information overload, (b) a focus on questions rather than tasks, (c) neglect of theory, (d) difficulty dealing with conflicting evidence, and (e) an oversimplified view of the role of values in research and practice. Fourth, we suggest ways of modifying the inquiry part of the model to address these problems.

Engaging Pre-Service and In-Service Teachers in Online Mathematics Teaching and Learning: Problems and Possibilities

Many pre-service and in-service mathematics teachers have reflected vulnerabilities and unpreparedness for online teaching during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. They searched for supports and resources to enhance their knowledge, skills, and dispositions relative to online teaching and learning. However, there is no clear path towards reaching these goals. This qualitative and interpretive research focuses on 48 pre-service and in-service teachers’ online teaching and learning experiences; while they were engaged in a semester-long mathematics-method course. The findings of this study suggest that factors, like interactions, communication, and peer support impact the pre-service and the in-service mathematics teachers’ beliefs and practices toward online teaching and learning. The findings also suggest that social and cultural factors, such as knowing and understanding students’ cultural background, access and equity in mathematics education, learners’ social and emotional development, and parents’ involvement influence mathematics teachers’ practices regarding online teaching and learning. The findings indicate that the transformation from in-person to online learning requires the enhancement of pre-service and in-service mathematics teachers’ online preparations, particularly in the areas of technology, pedagogy, communication skills, and classroom management.

Worker of public education and spiritual enlightenment: A.P. Cheruvimov in Samara (XIX – early XX centuries)

The article is devoted to the study of social and cultural factors in the development of public education, the formation of a professional group of its workers and organizers in Russia in the last quarter of the XX early XX centuries. The particular attention is paid to the relationship between school, society and church. The methodological basis of the research was the theory of modernization and the techniques of the biographical method. In the article on a large source base the administrative-pedagogical and public-educational activities of A.P. Cheruvimov in the Samara Region, aimed at developing new forms of the school organization while preserving national spiritual traditions, were investigated. As a result of his efforts the successful secondary educational institution in the form of the Samara Real School was created in the provincial city and an effective channel was created to support needy students through the Society for the Promotion of Education was created too. Cheruvimov's contribution to the works of the Aleksievsky Orthodox brotherhood, aimed at supporting parish schools and at the religious and moral education of residents, has become significant and fruitful. For two decades on a voluntary basis he served in the brotherhood in the responsible position of the Chairman of the Council with a wide range of the real responsibilities. His example shows a figure of Russian modernization, whose personal desire for his own social mobility and the promotion of the progressive cultural trends was combined with the traditional religious foundations and the conservative political views. This example demonstrates that the social movement in imperial Russia took place in more complex forms than the paradigm of opposition between the progressive and reactionary forces, which was established in historiography and often was reduced to the social origin or position of persons belonging to one political camp or another.

Media, Trust in Government, and Risk Perception of COVID-19 in the Early Stage of Epidemic: An Analysis Based on Moderating Effect

Previous research has revealed that environmental, social, and cultural factors affect people’s risk perception of COVID-19, especially the influence of media and trust, while the dynamics of how they affect it is still not clear. Through the analysis of online survey data, this article shows that there are two opposed paths of action. Trust in the government will enhance people’s confidence in controlling COVID-19. It then moderates and decreases the effects of people’s level and frequency of concernon the risk perception (both cognition and worries) of COVID-19, on the contrary, obtaining information from unofficial channels also moderates and increases the effects of the people’s level and frequency of concern on the second dimension (worries) of risk perception of COVID-19 rather than the first dimension (cognition). These conclusions have important policy implications for the control of the COVID-19 epidemic all over the world.

Empathy as an expression of emotions and mood in English lingvoculture

This article provides information on the expression of feelings in expressing sympathy in English culture. There are a lot of emotions. The way they are expressed is special and unique for each culture and is influenced by various historical, social, and cultural factors. Therefore, as there are people in the world, there are as many ways to express sympathy. Each person chooses for himself how to express joy, sorrow, compassion, or simply remain silent and stay on the sidelines. The study of the verbal expression of sympathy allows us to assert that a sympathetic attitude can induce a person to the following speech actions - the expression of sympathy or condolences. Various factors influence the choice of a specific speech act. Emotions such as sympathy and condolence are aimed at establishing speech contact and maintaining speech and social relations with the interlocutor, at regulating them.