Oxford Handbook of Key Clinical Evidence

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Studies ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
One Stop ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Selection Of

Key trials have been selected for their relevance to clinical practice, allowing the reader to quickly access some of the most fundamental issues that influence their day-to-day activities. The Handbook covers all major medical and surgical specialties, with a new section on paediatrics added for the second edition. Introductory chapters have been included on the development of evidence-based medicine, giving uninitiated readers the tools required to critically analyse and understand medical studies. Complex trials have been distilled to key relevant facts, for quick reference and understanding. This is a comprehensive one-stop shop for medical students, trainees, and clinicians of all levels that presents key information for a selection of seminal evidence that has informed medical and surgical practice. Readers are introduced to the statistical methods and tools needed to critically analyse trial data, providing a key for the terms and statistical methods encountered in the book and within clinical research as a whole. Leading figures in the major specialties have selected and summarized some of the most important trials, while analysis of the key message and impact of the trial firmly places the evidence into a practical setting for the reader. Key study features and results are examined, while the difficulties or problems associated with the trials are outlined.

Principles of evidence-based medicine

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Abdullah Jibawi ◽  
Mohamed Baguneid ◽  
Arnab Bhowmick
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Grading Systems ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Evidence Grading ◽  
Based Medicine

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is an effective tool for identifying and critically appraising quality research findings, and allowing the best to be integrated within clinical practice. EBM requires familiarity with evidence grading systems, key statistical methods, and requires a good understanding of how to review and critique scientific papers to guide the clinical practice. This chapter introduces these tools and provide an easy-to-use layout for reading academic papers in hand.

scholarly journals Позалобкова простатектомія зі симультанною передочеревинною протезною герніопластикою у хворих із доброякісною гіперплазією передміхурової залози та пахвинною грижею

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
В. О. Шапринський ◽  
В. І. Горовий ◽  
О. О. Воровський ◽  
О. М. Капшук
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Inguinal Hernioplasty ◽  
Transurethral Prostatectomy ◽  
Nice Guidance ◽  
Based Medicine

З метою дослідження показань для одномоментного усунення пахвинної грижі з передочеревинного доступу при виконанні як симультанної операції, так і основного хірургічного етапу позалобкової аденомектомії з приводу доброякісної гіперплазії передміхурової залози, проаналізовано 62 наукові праці з даної проблем як провідних вітчизняних, так і зарубіжних спеціалістів, за останні 10 років. Науковцями проведений пошук клінічних рекомендацій (Clinical guidelines) за ключовими словами “Combined inguinal hernia repair and transurethral resection of the prostate” і “Combined transurethral prostatectomy and inguinal hernioplasty” в таких авторитетних міжнародних доказових базах даних, як: AHRQ Clinical Practice Guidelines; Clinical Evidence; Cochrane Library; Evidence-Based Medicine Guideline]; National Guideline Clearinghous]; NHS Evidence / NICE Guidance; UpToDate тощо, де доведено вплив доброякісної гіперплазії передміхурової залози на формування і рецидивування пахвинних гриж у чоловіків старших вікових груп. Було встановлено, що більшість авторів підтримує дану методику і наводить достатньо гарні результати у своїх роботах, а саме: зменшення загальної кількості днів перебування в лікарні, покращення якості життя хворих після операції та уникнення ще одного хірургічного втручання. Проте висвітились ряд таких проблем: з яким діаметром грижових воріт можлива преперитонеальна протезна герніопластика (до 3 см2 чи більше), об’єм крововтрати, чи дійсно має місце збільшення кількості інфікування рани, з яких доступів краще виконувати дану поєднану процедуру як при відкритих способах, так і при використанні сучасної мініінвазивної та роботизованої техніки. Це диктує необхідність проведення цілеспрямованих досліджень клінічної ефективності, безпеки та економічної доступності симультанних операцій при поєднанні пахвинних гриж із доброякісною гіперплазією передміхурової залози в умовах сучасної практичної медицини.

scholarly journals Orthopaedic Surgical Content Associated with Resources for Clinical Evidence

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Sarah L Turvey ◽  
Nasir Hussain ◽  
Laura Banfield ◽  
Mohit Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
Large Scope ◽  
Clinical Questions ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Database Content

Introduction: As evidence-based medicine is increasingly being adopted in medical and surgical practice, effective processing and interpretation of medical literature is imperative. Databases presenting the contents of medical literature have been developed; however, their efficacy merits investigation. The objective of this study was to quantify surgical and orthopaedic content within five evidence-based medicine resources: DynaMed, Clinical Evidence, UpToDate, PIER, and First Consult. Methods: We abstracted surgical and orthopaedic content from UpToDate, DynaMed, PIER, First Consult, and Clinical Evidence. We defined surgical content as that which involved surgical interventions. We classified surgical content by specialty and, for orthopaedics, by subspecialty. The amount of surgical content, as measured by the number of relevant reviews, was compared with the total number of reviews in each database. Likewise, the amount of orthopaedic content, as measured by the number of relevant reviews, was compared with the total number of reviews and the total number of surgical reviews in each database. Results: Across all databases containing a total of 13268 reviews, we identified an average of 18% surgical content. Specifically, First Consult and PIER contained 28% surgical content as a percentage of the total database content. DynaMed contained 14% and Clinical Evidence 11%, whereas UpToDate contained only 9.5% surgical content. Overall, general surgery, pediatrics, and oncology were the most common specialty areas in all databases. Discussion: Our findings suggest that the limited surgical content within these large scope resources poses difficulties for physicians and surgeons seeking answers to complex clinical questions, specifically within the field of orthopaedics. This study therefore demonstrates the potential need for, and benefit of, surgery-specific or even specialty-specific tools.

scholarly journals Psychiatry in the future

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 277-278
Author(s):  
Frank Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Based Medicine

In an era of evidence-based medicine, policy-makers and researchers are preoccupied by the task of ensuring that advances in research are implemented in routine clinical practice. This preoccupation has spawned a small but growing research industry of its own, with the development of resources such as the Cochrane Collaboration database and journals such as Evidence-Based Mental Health. In this paper, I adopt a philosophically quite unfashionable methodology – introspection – to address the question: how has research affected my practice?

What Can Feminist Epistemology Do for Surgery?

Hypatia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Jean Walker ◽  
Wendy Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Feminist Epistemology ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
Lack Of Fit ◽  
What Works ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Contemporary Health Care

Surgery is an important part of contemporary health care, but currently much of surgery lacks a strong evidence base. Uptake of evidence‐based medicine (EBM) methods within surgical research and among practitioners has been slow compared with other areas of medicine. Although this is often viewed as arising from practical and cultural barriers, it also reflects a lack of epistemic fit between EBM research methods and surgical practice. In this paper we discuss some epistemic challenges in surgery relating to this lack of fit, and investigate how resources from feminist epistemology can help to characterize them. We point to ways in which these epistemic challenges may be addressed by gathering and disseminating evidence about what works in surgery using methods that are contextual, pluralistic, and sensitive to hierarchies.

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