Detection and Tracking of UAV Targets Using Deep Learning

In recent years, the use of Flying drones and modern Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with the latest techniques and capabilities for both civilian and military applications growing sustainably on a large scope, Drones could autonomously fly in several environments and locations and could perform various missions, providing a system for UAV detection and tracking represent crucial importance. This paper discusses Designing Detection and Tracking method as a part of Aero-vehicle Defense System (ADS) for UAVs using Deep learning algorithms. The small Radar cross-section (RCS) foot-print makes a problem for Traditional methods and Aero-vehicle Defense systems to distinguish between birds, stealth fighters, and UAVs incomparable of size and RCS characteristics, the detection is a challenge in low RCS targets because the chance of detection is incredibly less moreover, in the existence of interference and clutter which reduce the performance of detection process rapidly.

India's E-Commerce Industry's Growth and Projected Breakthroughs

Background/Purpose: E-commerce is the online exchange of products and services. In this article, we discuss the elements those are propelling India's digital commerce market forward and the E-commerce industry's expansion and the various sectors of E-commerce in the country. International investors are supporting the E-commerce industry since it is one among the fastest growing industries and offers a large scope for investment due to the Indian market size. Additionally, it discusses the problems and potential associated with E-commerce in India within the context of the global marketplace. E-commerce is among the fastest expanding industries, with India offering tremendous investment opportunities. Since last year, there has been a dramatic increase in investment, but more is predicted in the years ahead. Rapid rise in mobile and internet users has aided the expansion of E-commerce businesses in urban and rural areas alike. Objective: To examine how the E-commerce sector in India has grown through the years, as well as to get an insight of current trends, impediments, and potential improvements. Design/Methodology/Approach: The SWOT analysis is being used to analyse and present data acquired from academic papers, online articles, and other sources. Findings/Results: India's E-commerce sector has the potential to grow further if the government provides legal protection and a platform for it, and if both local and global commerce are enabled to exercise their basic rights to do E-commerce business, therefore enhancing the country's economy. Originality/Value: This paper study provides an outline of India's E-Commerce business and its projected development in the coming years based on the range of data collected. Paper Type: Research Analysis based on a case study.

Inferences from the negation of counterfactual and semifactual conditionals

Our goal was to study how people understand the negation of counterfactuals (such as “Antonio denied/said that it is false that if Messi had played, then Barcelona would have won”) and semifactuals (such as “Antonio denied that even if Messi had played, Barcelona would have won”). Previous studies have shown that participants negated basic conditionals using small-scope interpretations by endorsing a new conditional with the negated consequent, but also by making large-scope interpretations, endorsing a conjunction with the negated consequent. Three experiments showed that when participants were asked whether the negation of a counterfactual (Experiments 1 and 2) or semifactual (Experiment 3) conditional was followed by a new conditional, they made a small-scope interpretation, endorsing the same conditional with the negated consequent (e.g., “if/even if Messi had played, Barcelona would not have won”). However, they also accepted the conditional with the negated antecedent for semifactuals (e.g., “even if Messi had not played, Barcelona would have won”). When participants were asked whether the negation of a counterfactual or semifactual conditional is followed by a conjunction, they endorsed the conjunction with both the negated antecedent and the consequent (e.g., “Messi did not play and Barcelona did not win”), but again they accepted the conjunction with the negated antecedent only for semifactuals (e.g., “Messi did not play and Barcelona did win”). These results have implications for the main theories of reasoning.

Experiences of Opening Up Communicative Spaces for Large-Scope Issues

The continuously changing world creates new challenges, large-scope issues, both at the community and the organizational level. Currently, sustainable development is among the key issues demanding organizational learning and new ways of operation. The paper looks for the potential of Scandinavian communicative-oriented action research (AR), applied in dialogue forums, to enhance learning and planning of integrative solutions to meet the needs of various actor groups. The paper links two intertwined AR lines of a Finnish work research institute to the contexts of classic and current AR discussion and their original social conditions in the early 1990s, when they were challenged by a severe recession. The characteristics of communicative spaces applied in the two cases are analysed qualitatively. The data, consisting of case reports, are reread and interpreted in a framework that concretizes Habermasian ideals of free communication. The elements of organisational learning and power embedded in the organisational positions of the participants dealing with large-scope societal issues are made explicit. Free communication and joint agreements of concrete plans require active agency that can be learned in a psychologically and socially safe communicative space where Habermasian lifeworld and system interact. The research shows the malleability of dialogue-based communicative spaces that can be applied in versatile social and organizational conditions. A future option would be a continuous dialogue applied in permanent dialogue structures.

The alchemical symbols in the manuscripts of “The Mirror of Wonders” (Mirʾāt al-ʿajāʾib)

“The Mirror of Wonders” (Mirʾāt al-ʿajāʾib) is an illustrated Arabic treatise about a mysterious mirror that displays different alchemical symbols. This work of unsettled authorship, which was composed between the 12th and 16th centuries, has got a rich manuscript tradition with more than 45 extant copies dating from the 16th to the 20th centuries, including translations into Turkish and Persian and various short versions of the text. They prove the remarkable popularity of “The Mirror of Wonders” throughout the Islamicate world, even in modern times. Most manuscripts contain a coloured illustration of the mirror and its symbols, with a large scope of variation in their visual design. The nine alchemical symbols of the mirror are: 1. The two figures embracing each other (al-shakhṣān al-muʿtaniqān); 2. The black circle (al- dāʾira al-sawdāʾ); 3. The palm of the hand (al-kaff); 4. The black raven (al-ghurāb al-aswad); 5. The eagle (al-ʿuqāb); 6. The sun (al-shams); 7. The snake (al-thuʿbān); 8. The nine crabs (al-saraṭānāt al-tisʿa) with the dog descending into the water (al-kalb al-nāzil fī l-māʾ) and 9. The nine circles (al-dawāʾir al-tisʿa). This paper presents the manuscript tradition of Mirʾāt al-ʿajāʾib and analyses the diverging imagery of the symbols and their meanings in the different manuscripts.

Konsep dan Implementasi Kurikulum MBKM (Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka)

The objective of the Independent Learning Campus policy is to encourage students to master various fields of science with their fields of expertise, so that they are ready to compete in the global world. This policy provides an opportunity for students to choose the courses they will take based on their own wishes. The implementation of the Independent Learning Policy on the Independent Campus encourages the learning process in higher education to be more autonomous and flexible. Education always strives for the creation of students who always make updates for the sake of renewal at all times. Not only able to be highly educated but able to become agents of change in small and large scope. From the changes and innovations produced, they are able to provide maximum contribution to the progress of a nation that has quality human resources. In writing this paper, the author uses a qualitative research method using a library approach. According to Kirk and Miller.

Adaptive functions of neurobehavioral plasticity in language learning and processing

This article presents a large scope of issues on early and late language plasticity that increase our understanding of the neurobehavioral dynamics of change, the main property of the learning brain. In their pioneering work, Bates and Kuhl have convincingly demonstrated that plasticity is intrinsic to development. Bates has provided new data on the impressive recovery of language in children with focal brain injury, highlighting that both hemispheres support the early phases of this change, contrary to previous assumptions. The fundamental reorganization of the early phonemic system around the age of 8 months proposed by Kuhl, combining neural commitment and social abilities, has powerful cascading effects for subsequent word learning. Our developmental crosslinguistic research on online sentence processing in monolinguals and simultaneous bilinguals has revealed distinctive linguistic patterns of “cue cost”, a multifactorial concept relevant for capturing the microplasticity of the processing system. Whatever the language, the shift around the age of 9 towards the canonical adult pattern indicates an efficient adaptive processing occurring with a small delay in bilinguals. Most salient, from childhood, bilinguals exhibit specific cue cost patterns with interactions. In older French adults, cue cost variability is mediated by processing speed which preserves online syntactic abilities but reveals plasticity limits in Alzheimer’s patients.

A Decade of Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean Observation Network (TIOON)

As an important part of the Indo-pacific warm pool, the Indian Ocean has great significance for research on the Asian monsoon system and global climate change. From the 1960s onwards, several international and regional programs have led to important new insights into the Indian Ocean. The eastern Tropical Indian Ocean Observation Network (TIOON) was established in 2010. The TIOON consists of two parts: large-scope observations and moored measurements. Large-scope observations are performed by the eastern tropical Indian Ocean Comprehensive Experiment Cruise (TIO-CEC). Moored measurements are executed by the TIOON mooring array and the hydrological meteorological buoy. By 2019, ten successful TIOON TIO-CEC voyages had been accomplished, making this mission the most comprehensive scientific investigation in China. The ten years of TIO-CEC voyages have collected approximately 1,006 temperature/salinity profiles, 703 GPS radiosonde profiles and numerous other observations in the Indian Ocean. To supplement the existing buoy array in the Indian Ocean, an enhanced TIOON mooring array consisting of eight sub-thermocline acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) moorings, was established since 2013. The TIOON mooring equipped with both upward-looking and downward-looking WHLS75K ADCP provide valuable current monitoring information to depth of 1,000 m in the Indian Ocean. To improve air-sea interaction monitoring, two real-time hydrological meteorological buoys were launched in 2019 and 2020 in the equatorial Indian Ocean. A better understanding of the Indian Ocean requires continuous and long-term observations. The TIOON program and other aspiring field investigation programs will be promoted in the future.

Urban Rejected Water Reuse in Agriculture for Irrigation in Major Cities of India: A Synoptic Review

Indiscriminate and rapid urbanization without sufficient infrastructure to manage huge domestic sewage (urban rejected water) generated by urban centers posing serious threats to different ecosystems in many places across the world. On the other hand, the downstream of urban centers facing an acute shortage of water for irrigation. In recent years reuse of urban waste water is being increased in many countries including India irrespective of adverse impacts on other ecosystems. The present study has provided a synoptic review on urban rejected water reuse for irrigation in the major cities of India with a special focus on banks of the Musi river basin in South India where huge wastewater irrigation is being practiced in the world in comparison with global waste water irrigation practices. In all the cases major contaminants namely fecal coliform, nitrates, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) are found in water and with increased soil and groundwater salinity on long term use. The review indicated that there a large scope to intensify the irrigation with proper treatment of wastewater. The study also suggested to understand the impacts of rejected water reuse impact on soilwater-food chain and also emphasizes the need for the establishment of sufficient ETPs to minimize the adverse impacts and also to protect hydroagro ecosystems.

Smart Fault Diagnostics using Convolutional Neural Network and Adam Stochastic Optimization

Navigation, aviation and several other fields of engineering extensively make use of rotating machinery. The stability and safety of the equipment as well as the personnel are affected by this machinery. Use of deep learning as the basis of intelligent fault diagnosis schemes has and investigation of other relevant fault diagnosis schemes has a large scope for development. Thorough exploration needs to be performed in deep neural network (DNN) based schemes as shallow layer network structure based fault diagnosis schemes that are currently available has several considerable limitations. The nonlinear problems may be processed during intelligent fault diagnosis using deep convolutional neural network, which is a special structure DNN. The convolutional neural network (CNN) based scheme is emphasized in this paper. The principle and basic structure of the model are introduced. In rotating machinery, the fault diagnosis schemes using CNN are analyzed and summarized. Various CNN schemes, the potential mechanisms and performance diagnosis are analyzed. A novel smart fault diagnosis strategy is proposed while highlighting the potential aspects of existing schemes and reviewing the challenges.