Liver
Liver in relation to dentistry is the topic of this chapter. Structure and function of the liver are discussed: metabolism of nutrients and toxins, exocrine functions, and synthesis of key proteins. Drugs and the liver are then discussed: the role of plasma proteins in transport or binding drugs; the liver’s role in metabolizing drugs; and the liver’s role in excreting some drug products into the bile. The effects of chronic excess alcohol on the liver are described and the role of the dentist in spotting potential liver problems in dental patients. The impact of liver disease on patient physiology is next explored, and the relevance for management of the dental patient. Types of hepatitis are described with relevance to dental care for hepatitis transmission. Key tests of liver function are described. The concluding section deals with the dental care of patients with impaired liver function.