Rheumatology

2020 ◽  
pp. 657-722
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Gait Disturbance ◽  
Limb Deformity ◽  
Persistent Fever ◽  
Limb Position ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Multisystem Involvement

Presentation to paediatric rheumatology and orthopaedic services often overlap since both services assess conditions that present with musculoskeletal pain. By far, the majority of these conditions are diagnosed by a good history and examination and most are benign. A knowledge of benign conditions is essential for effective reassurance and to help distinguish them from conditions that should not be missed or that lead to progressive damage and disability. Presentations to orthopaedics include variation in limb position and limb deformity, and those to rheumatology include persistent fever and rash, unexplained high inflammatory markers, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and fatigue. There is also overlap with conditions presenting to neurology, including gait disturbance and weakness, as well as multisystem involvement as the very nature of some inflammatory conditions.

scholarly journals C-Reactive Protein versus Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate: Implications Among Patients with No Known Inflammatory Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 974-983
Author(s):  
Vanessa Alende-Castro ◽  
Manuela Alonso-Sampedro ◽  
Carmen Fernández-Merino ◽  
Juan Sánchez-Castro ◽  
Bernardo Sopeña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
Protein Versus

Sex-specific, independent associations of insulin resistance with erythrocyte sedimentation rate in apparently healthy subjects

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (02) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildefonso Hernández-Aguado ◽  
Inmaculada Jarrín Vera ◽  
Mónica Recasens ◽  
Eduardo Esteve ◽  
Roser Casamitjana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Apparently Healthy

SummaryInsulin resistance and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, a non-specific marker of inflammation) are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Although obesity is associated with increased ESR, it is unclear whether insulin resistance is associated with ESR in humans. The relationship between insulin resistance and ESR was studied in a cross-sectional, health-area based study of 140 (89 men and 51 women) apparently healthy Caucasians subjects. ESR, additional inflammatory markers [soluble tumor necrosis alpha receptors 1 and 2 (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2); C-reactive protein (CRP)], and insulin sensitivity ( S I, frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test with minimal model analysis) were assessed in all subjects. An interaction with sex was documented in the relationship between ESR and both insulin resistance and obesity (p < 0.05), as log ESR correlated with log S I in men (r= –0.29, p = 0.009), but not in women (r= –0.14, p = 0.33), and correlated with body mass index (BMI) in women (r=0.49, p= < 0.0001), but not in men (r=0.15, p = 0.16). On multivariate analyses, these associations proved to be independent of known covariates, such as age, hematocrit, smoking and additional inflammatory markers in both men and women. In a replication study, variables independently associated with ESR were also insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment) in men and obesity markers (either BMI or fat mass) in women. In conclusion, ESR is independently associated with either insulin resistance or obesity in a sex-specific manner. These findings contribute to explain the known relationship of this inflammatory marker with cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals An Efficient Microscale Technique for Determining the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhil Chaturvedi ◽  
Sujith Kumar Nagaraj ◽  
Sai Siva Gorthi ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Seelamantula
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Hybrid Cell ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Cell Detection ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a commonly used test to screen for inflammatory conditions such as infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancers. However, it is a bulk macroscale test that requires a relatively large blood sample and takes a long time to run. Moreover, it provides no information regarding cell sizes or interactions, which can be highly variable. To overcome these drawbacks, we developed a microfluidic microscopy-based protocol to dynamically track settling red blood cells (RBCs) to quantify velocity of cell settling, as a surrogate for the ESR. We imaged individual cells in a vertical microfluidic channel and applied a hybrid cell detection and tracking algorithm to compute settling velocities. We combined eigenvalue background subtraction and centroid detection together with the Kalman filter and Hungarian assignment solver algorithms to increase accuracy and computational speed. Our algorithm is designed to track settling RBCs/aggregates in high cellularity samples rather than single cells in suspension. Detection accuracy was 79.3%, which is comparable to state-of-the-art cell-tracking techniques. Compared with conventional ESR tests, our approach has the advantages of being automated, using microliter volumes of blood samples, and rapid turnaround.

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