Interventions for specific conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Ian Barkataki ◽  
Louise Ross
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Staff Support ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

This chapter focuses on specific psychological interventions for disorders and conditions that commonly present within an inpatient environment. Three main psychological orientations (cognitive behavioural therapy, psychodynamic psychotherapy, and systemic therapy) are defined, along with their strengths and applicability for inpatient work. The importance of adapting psychological approaches in this setting is considered. Psychological theory, supporting evidence base, and specific techniques for mood disorders (including depression, bipolar affective disorder, and anxiety); psychotic disorders; and personality disorders are outlined in greater detail. The practical considerations of short-term and acute working, including the importance of staff support, in the delivery of effective psychological treatment on the ward are discussed.

Psychological treatment of depression in children and adolescents

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Harrington ◽  
Jane Whittaker ◽  
Philp Shoebridge
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

BackgroundThis paper reviews research on the psychological treatment of depression in children.MethodManual and computer literature searches were performed.ResultsThe most promising psychological interventions for depression in children are individual rather than family therapies. Cognitive – behavioural therapy seems to be an effective treatment for depressive symptoms and mild depressive disorders. It may also be a useful preventive intervention, though this remains to be conclusively demonstrated. There have been no systematic studies comparing psychological treatments with medication.ConclusionsStudies comparing psychological treatments and medication are now required.

scholarly journals Psychodynamic psychotherapy: developing the evidence base

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Yakeley
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Research ◽  
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
List Type ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

SummaryPsychodynamic psychotherapy has been criticised as being based on outdated principles of psychoanalysis and lacking an adequate evidence base to convincingly demonstrate its efficacy. This article summarises the recent evidence from high-quality outcome studies to show that psychodynamic psychotherapy is as effective in the treatment of a range of mental disorders as other psychological treatment modalities such as cognitive-behavioural therapy, as well as reviewing process-outcome research aiming to elucidate mechanisms of therapeutic change. A paradigm for psychodynamic psychotherapy research based on attachment theory is introduced, which may inform the development of psychodynamic therapeutic modalities tailored for specific conditions.LEARNING OBJECTIVESUnderstand the basic principles and techniques of psychodynamic psychotherapy.Be able to summarise the recent evidence base for the efficacy of psychodynamic psychotherapy.Appreciate process-outcome research that elucidates therapeutic mechanisms underpinning psychodynamic psychotherapy.

scholarly journals Interventions for cannabis misuse

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 432-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clementine Maddock ◽  
Michelle Babbs
Keyword(s):  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Uk

Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug in the UK and a significant proportion of users have symptoms of dependence. In addition, there are a number of adverse consequences of use, including an association with psychotic disorders. Thus there is a need for effective treatment of cannabis misuse. Psychological therapies have been developed based on principles of motivational interviewing, cognitive–behavioural therapy and relapse prevention. The evidence base for these therapies is explored in this review, and studies targeting both adult users and young people are considered. Possible new pharmacological treatments are also discussed.

scholarly journals The evidence for cognitive behavioural therapy in any condition, population or context: a meta-review of systematic reviews and panoramic meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Fordham ◽  
Thavapriya Sugavanam ◽  
Katherine Edwards ◽  
Paul Stallard ◽  
Robert Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Prediction Interval ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Treatment Research

AbstractThe majority of psychological treatment research is dedicated to investigating the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) across different conditions, population and contexts. We aimed to summarise the current systematic review evidence and evaluate the consistency of CBT's effect across different conditions. We included reviews of CBT randomised controlled trials in any: population, condition, format, context, with any type of comparator and published in English. We searched DARE, Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, CDAS, and OpenGrey between 1992 and January 2019. Reviews were quality assessed, their data extracted and summarised. The effects upon health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were pooled, within-condition groups. If the across-condition heterogeneity was I2 < 75%, we pooled effects using a random-effect panoramic meta-analysis. We summarised 494 reviews (221 128 participants), representing 14/20 physical and 13/20 mental conditions (World Health Organisation's International Classification of Diseases). Most reviews were lower-quality (351/494), investigated face-to-face CBT (397/494), and in adults (378/494). Few reviews included trials conducted in Asia, South America or Africa (45/494). CBT produced a modest benefit across-conditions on HRQoL (standardised mean difference 0.23; 95% confidence intervals 0.14–0.33, I2 = 32%). The effect's associated prediction interval −0.05 to 0.50 suggested CBT will remain effective in conditions for which we do not currently have available evidence. While there remain some gaps in the completeness of the evidence base, we need to recognise the consistent evidence for the general benefit which CBT offers.

scholarly journals Virtual reality cognitive-behavioural therapy versus cognitive-behavioural therapy for paranoid delusions: a study protocol for a single-blind multi-Centre randomised controlled superiority trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Berkhof ◽  
E. C. D. van der Stouwe ◽  
B. Lestestuiver ◽  
E. van’t Hag ◽  
R. van Grunsven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Abstract Background Seventy per cent of patients with psychotic disorders has paranoid delusions. Paranoid delusions are associated with significant distress, hospital admission and social isolation. Cognitive-behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is the primary psychological treatment, but the median effect size is only small to medium. Virtual reality (VR) has a great potential to improve the effectiveness of CBTp. In a previous study, we found that VR based CBT (VRcbt) for paranoid delusions is superior to waiting list. As a next step, a direct comparison with CBTp is needed. The present study aims to investigate whether VRcbt is more effective and cost-effective than regular CBTp in treating paranoid delusions and improving daily life social functioning of patients with psychotic disorders. Methods A total of 106 patients with DSM-5 diagnosis of psychotic disorder and at least moderate level of paranoid ideations will be recruited for this multicentre randomized controlled trial (RCT). Patients will be randomized to either VRcbt or standard CBTp for paranoid delusions. VRcbt consists of maximum 16 sessions in virtual social situations that trigger paranoid ideations and distress, delivered in an 8–12 week time frame. Standard CBTp also consists of maximum 16 sessions including exposure and behavioural experiments, delivered in an 8–12 week time frame. The two groups will be compared at baseline, post-treatment and six months follow-up. Primary outcome is the level of paranoid ideations in daily life social situations, measured with ecological momentary assessments (EMA) at semi-random moments ten times a day during seven days, before and after treatment. Every session, participants and therapists will rate the level of paranoid ideation and global clinical impression. Discussion Comparison of VRcbt and CBTp will provide information about the relative (cost-) effectiveness of VRcbt for this population. VRcbt may become a preferred psychological treatment for paranoid delusions and social anxiety in patients with psychotic disorder. Trial registration Netherlands Trial Register, NL7758. Registered on 23 May 2019.

scholarly journals Group cognitive–behavioural therapy for anxiety and depression

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Current Evidence Base ◽  
Group Cbt

SummaryCognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is a psychological treatment approach that can be delivered not only on a one-to-one basis but also to groups and in self-help formats. However, the evidence base supporting individual CBT is more extensive than the research regarding group CBT. This is likely to influence the choice of services that develop in the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme for the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders in primary care in England. This article outlines the different forms that group CBT takes, the way in which it may benefit people and the current evidence base supporting its use for anxiety and depression. It also outlines the advantages of group or individual CBT and describes those patients who appear to be best suited to a specific delivery.

scholarly journals Psychological interventions for people with psychotic experiences: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled and uncontrolled effectiveness and economic studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-695
Author(s):  
Emma Soneson ◽  
Debra Russo ◽  
Jan Stochl ◽  
Margaret Heslin ◽  
Julieta Galante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

Objective: Many people with psychotic experiences do not develop psychotic disorders, yet those who seek help demonstrate high clinical complexity and poor outcomes. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of psychological interventions for people with psychotic experiences. Method: We searched 13 databases for studies of psychological interventions for adults with psychotic experiences, but not psychotic disorders. Our outcomes were the proportion of participants remitting from psychotic experiences (primary); changes in positive and negative psychotic symptoms, depression, anxiety, functioning, distress, and quality of life; and economic outcomes (secondary). We analysed results using multilevel random-effects meta-analysis and narrative synthesis. Results: A total of 27 reports met inclusion criteria. In general, there was no strong evidence for the superiority of any one intervention. Five studies reported on our primary outcome, though only two reports provided randomised controlled trial evidence that psychological intervention (specifically, cognitive behavioural therapy) promoted remission from psychotic experiences. For secondary outcomes, we could only meta-analyse trials of cognitive behavioural therapy. We found that cognitive behavioural therapy was more effective than treatment as usual for reducing distress (pooled standardised mean difference: −0.24; 95% confidence interval = [−0.37, −0.10]), but no more effective than the control treatment for improving any other outcome. Individual reports indicated that cognitive behavioural therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, sleep cognitive behavioural therapy, systemic therapy, cognitive remediation therapy, and supportive treatments improved at least one clinical or functional outcome. Four reports included economic evaluations, which suggested cognitive behavioural therapy may be cost-effective compared with treatment as usual. Conclusion: Our meta-analytic findings were primarily null, with the exception that cognitive behavioural therapy may reduce the distress associated with psychotic experiences. Our analyses were limited by scarcity of studies, small samples and variable study quality. Several intervention frameworks showed preliminary evidence of positive outcomes; however, the paucity of consistent evidence for clinical and functional improvement highlights a need for further research into psychological treatments for psychotic experiences. PROSPERO protocol registration number: CRD42016033869

Psychological Treatments and Prevention in Bipolar Disorder - Recent Developments

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
C. Kuehner
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Social Rhythm ◽  
Future Work ◽  
High Risk Children

This contribution provides a systematic review on recent developments in psychological interventions for bipolar disorder. The main focus of research to date has investigated the role of different psychotherapeutic approaches (cognitive behavioural therapy, family focused therapy, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, psychoeducation) as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for remission and relapse prevention. The review will assess efficacy and effectiveness of these interventions, their common ingredients, limitations and predictors of outcome. It will further explore the potential role of psychological interventions for primary prevention of bipolar disorders in high risk children and adolescents. Suggestions will be made for future work in these areas.

Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility evaluation of the individual vs. group transdiagnostic psychological treatment for emotional disorders in Primary Care (PsicAP-Costs) v2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Aguilera-Martin ◽  
Mario Gálvez-Lara ◽  
Fátima Cuadrado ◽  
Eliana Moreno ◽  
Francisco García-Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Utility Evaluation ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this study is to compare, in cost-effectiveness and cost-utility terms, a brief transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioural therapy in two different modes, individual and group, with the treatment usually administered in primary care (TAU). Participants between 18 and 65 years old and with, according to the pretreatment evaluation, mild to moderate emotional disorders will be randomly allocated to the three clusters. They will be assessed again immediately after treatment and 6 and 12 months later. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04847310

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