Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 443-478
Author(s):  
John-Paul Taylor ◽  
Benjamin R Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Disease Modifying

Dementia is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This fully updated and revised chapter comprehensively reviews the latest evidence on diagnosis, assessment, investigations, clinical features, management, risk factors, prognosis, and future potential treatments for AD. Importantly, the chapter explores newer evidence that has changed the way AD is viewed as regards methods of assessment using various scales to determine diagnosis, as well as current and investigative methods of treating AD. Finally, it looks at the states of disease progression, potential disease-modifying drugs for Alzheimer’s disease, and possible therapeutic approaches to treatment and management.

scholarly journals Regulatory and Health Technology Assessment Considerations for Disease-Modifying Drugs in Alzheimer’s Disease

CNS Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1085-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacoline C. Bouvy ◽  
Pall Jonsson ◽  
Diana O’Rourke ◽  
Antonella Santuccione Chadha ◽  
Niklas Hedberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
Disease Modifying

scholarly journals Alzheimer’s Disease: Current and Future Treatments. A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Evelyn Chou
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Nmda Antagonists ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
Plaque Deposition ◽  
The Future ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Future Treatments

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a currently incurable neurodegenerative disorder whose treatment poses a big challenge. Proposed causes of AD include the cholinergic, amyloid and tau hypotheses. Current therapeutic treatments have been aimed at dealing with the neurotransmitter imbalance. These include cholinesterase inhibitors and N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists. However, current therapeutics have been unable to halt AD progression. Much research has gone into the development of disease-modifying drugs to interfere with the course of the disease. Approaches include secretase inhibition and immunotherapy aimed at reducing plaque deposition. However, these have not been successful in curing AD as yet. It is believed that the main reason why therapeutics have failed to work is that treatment begins too late in the course of the disease. The future of AD treatment thus appears to lie with prevention rather than cure. In this article, current therapeutics and, from there, the future of AD treatment are discussed.

scholarly journals Risk factors for dementia

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catriona D. McCullagh ◽  
David Craig ◽  
Stephen P. McIlroy ◽  
A. Peter Passmore
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Lewy Body Dementia ◽  
Population Demographics ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Generic Term ◽  
Prevalence Of Dementia

There is little doubt that dementia is a very common cause of disability and dependency in our society. Since dementia of whatever type is usually more common with increasing age, then as population demographics change, so will the prevalence of dementia. Dementia is a generic term and the objective for clinicians, once dementia is suspected, is to attempt to define the cause. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, and in most centres vascular dementia would feature as the next most common aetiology. In some centres, Lewy body dementia is the second most common cause. Mixed Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia would also feature high on the list at most centres.

Non-cognitive outcomes in trials of disease-modifying drugs for Alzheimer's disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Zekry ◽  
C.E. Graf ◽  
S.V. Giannelli ◽  
G. Gold ◽  
J.-P. Michel
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
Disease Modifying

scholarly journals New Approacher in the Development of Alzheimer’s Disease Modifying Drugs

2021 ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Tau Protein ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
Phase Iii Clinical Trials ◽  
Research Level ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Pathological Stages

Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease is a more common neurodegenerative disease, affecting 25 million people worldwide, or accounting for about 60 to 70% of all dementia cases. There is currently no exact mechanism to explain the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease, however, cascading metabolic amyloid and post-translational review of tau protein are used as major hypotheses. Objective: To demonstrate in the literature new approaches in the development of Alzheimer’s disease modifiers. Methodology: For the accomplishment of this study made in the bibliographical survey of scientific literature and respect to the approached subject, in the databases PUBMED, ScienceDirect, Scielo and Scopus. Results: Alzheimer’s disease-modifying drugs are not yet available, but many patients may, however, develop phase III clinical trials and are intended to modify as pathological stages leading to the disease. As disease-modifying therapies under study, these changes also affect Aβ and tau protein and also cause inflammation and oxidative damage. The results obtained in the clinical trials performed were positive and promising and are still under study. The results show that there is still a long way to go in the development of Alzheimer’s disease modifying drugs. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that there is still a long way to go in the development of Alzheimer’s disease modifying drugs, but nevertheless levels at the research level should be continued in order to improve the pathophysiology of the disease and find an effective treatment for this disease the same.

Cognitive Enhancers for Alzheimer’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Heng Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
The United States ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Cognitive Enhancers ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
A Value ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Care Costs

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. In the United States, an estimated 5.3 million people had AD dementia in 2015, including 200,000 individuals younger than age 65 years. The number of people who are affected by AD is projected to reach 16 million in 2050. There is a tremendous cost associated with caring for people with AD. In 2015, the direct costs to US society of caring for those with AD totaled an estimated $226 billion, and if no effective disease-modifying treatments become available, this could increase to $1.1 trillion in 2050. In addition to medical costs, in 2014, caregivers of people with AD and other dementias provided an estimated 17.9 billion hours of unpaid assistance, which translates to a value of $217.7 billion. Therefore, cognitive enhancers for AD by improving cognition could address symptoms associated with AD, reduce caregiver burden, and limit health care costs.

Potential Phyto Therapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetna Kaushik ◽  
Prarthna Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Tau Protein ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Gamma Secretase ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Cholinergic Pathways ◽  
Beta Secretase ◽  
Age Dependent

: Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most prevailing age-dependent neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia. The pharmacological therapies available for the disease provide only symptomatic relief. Plants are being extensively investigated for Alzheimer’s as they are relatively safer and cheaper. This review summarizes recent findings suggesting anti-Alzheimer potential of the plants along with compounds or mechanisms responsible for their efficacy and their therapeutic targets. The findings of recent studies revealed that the plants or the compounds isolated from them exhibit mitigative potential in Alzheimer’s disease by targeting amyloid beta, tau protein, cholinergic pathways via various enzymes like beta secretase, gamma secretase, acetylcholinesterase or receptors involved in these pathways. A number of putative compounds revealed from these studies can be investigated further for the mitigation of Alzheimer’s disease.

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