Orthodontics

2014 ◽  
pp. 119-170
Author(s):  
David A. Mitchell ◽  
Laura Mitchell ◽  
Lorna McCaul
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Functional Appliance ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Temporary Anchorage Devices ◽  
Functional Appliances ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Removable Appliances

Contents. What is orthodontics?. Definitions. Orthodontic assessment. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. Cephalometrics. More cephalometrics. Treatment planning. Management of the developing dentition. Extractions. Extraction of poor quality first permanent molars. Spacing. Distal movement of the upper buccal segments. Buccally displaced maxillary canines. Palatally displaced maxillary canines. Increased overjet. Increased overbite. Management of increased overbite. Anterior open bite (AOB). Reverse overjet. Crossbites. Anchorage. Temporary anchorage devices (TAD). Removable appliances. Fixed appliances. Functional appliances—rationale and mode of action. Types of functional appliance and practical tips. Orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. Cleft lip and palate.

Proportions of anxiety and depression symptoms in adult cleft patients and non-cleft patients with skeletal malocclusions

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s497-s497
Author(s):  
V. Medvedev ◽  
Y. Fofanova ◽  
V. Frolova ◽  
A. Drobyshev
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Reactive Anxiety

IntroductionDiagnosis and treatment of patients with craniofacial anomalies such as cleft lip and palate and skeletal malocclusions present a challenge to public health. Dentofacial abnormalities may be associated with depressive and anxiety disorders and poor quality of life.The aim of this screening study was to evaluate and to compare the rates of anxiety and depression in cleft patients and non-cleft patients with skeletal malocclusions.MethodsThe study used psychometric method-HADS and State Trait Anxiety Inventory were used. The first group consisted of cleft patients, the second group consisted of non-cleft patients with skeletal Class II, Class III and anterior open bite malocclusions; the third group was control.ResultsStudy sample consists of 42 patients (33 females; 24 ± 7.2 years). In the 1st group, anxiety symptoms were detected in 34.7%; depression symptoms - in 17.2% of patients, high rates of reactive anxiety were registered in 35.8%. In the 2nd group, anxiety symptoms were detected in 29.6% of patients; depression symptoms - in 13,1% of patients, high rates of reactive anxiety were registered in 34.2%. In the 3rd group anxiety (18.7%) and depression (8.3%) symptoms and high rates of reactive anxiety (17.7%) were registered significantly less often than in 1st and 2nd groups (P < 0.005, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 respectively).ConclusionsOur data suggest that cleft-patients and non-cleft patients with skeletal malocclusions have statistically significant higher rates of anxiety and depression than controls and require orthodontic-surgical treatment that should be organized with the assistance of psychiatrist.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Pattern of Distribution of Malocclusions in Patients Seeking Orthodontic Treatment at BPKIHS from Sunsari District of Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
JN Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Class I ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Standard Format

Setting: College of Dental Surgery, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Sunsari, Nepal. Aims: To evaluate the pattern and distribution of malocclusions in patients seeking for orthodontic treatment from Sunsari district of Nepal. Material and Methods: Total of 350 patients who were permanent inhabitants of Sunsari district of age range 8-36 years were included in the study. A standard format was prepared to record the data. Descriptive statistics for mean, standard deviation and frequencies were calculated. Ages and Class I, II and III malocclusions were cross tabulated to check for any relationship using ANOVA. Intra investigator error was calculated using kappa statistics. Results: The prevalence of Class I, II and III malocclusions were 62.28 %, 29.4%.and 8.2% respectively. Out of 350 cases studied for various occlusal traits the nature of distribution of various occlusal findings were: absent teeth-12.6%, supernumerary teeth-2.9% ectopic eruption-7.1%, midline diastema-16%, incisor crowding-52.9%, spacing-30%, malformations-3.1%, increased overjet (>4mm)- 42.3%, anterior open bite . 5.1% and deep bite (>4mm )- 40 % and cleft lip and palate was 0.28%. Most prevalent age group seeking orthodontic treatment was 12-24 years with females to male ratio of 2.3:1 Comparison of mean ages with different malocclusion groups using ANOVA was statistically not significant. Conclusion: Class I malocclusion was the most prevalent followed by Class II malocclusion and the Class III malocclusion showed least prevalence. There were diverse occlusal traits. Keywords: Malocclusion; Angle’s Classification; Sunsari; BPKIHS

Treatment of a Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate Using an Internal Distraction Device

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 552-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emel Sari ◽  
Cihan Ucar ◽  
Oytun Türk ◽  
Huseyin Kurtulmus ◽  
H. Ayberk Altug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Automatic Speech Recognition System ◽  
Rapid Palatal Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Osteotomy ◽  
Maxillary Distraction

A 24-year-old man with a bilateral cleft lip and palate was treated by a multidisciplinary team composed of an orthodontist, plastic surgeon, and prosthodontist with assistance from an engineer. Before treatment, clinical photographs, dental casts, lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms, periapical and panoramic radiographs, and three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) images were obtained. He presented with a narrow and retrognathic maxilla with a 23-mm anterior open bite. Following maxillary expansion with rapid palatal expansion, a Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy was performed, and an internal distractor was placed. After a 5-day latency period, internal maxillary distraction was performed at a rate of 1 mm/day achieved by two activations per day. Cephalometric analysis showed a 7-mm maxillary advancement. Mandibular bilateral sagittal split osteotomy was also performed to close the open bite following maxillary distraction and a 3-month stabilization period. Finally, the treatment was completed with prosthetic rehabilitation. The changes in speech production were evaluated using an automatic speech recognition system.

scholarly journals Description of Nasoalveolar Molding Process in Neonatal Period of Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Step by Step

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Azhari ◽  
Wijdane El Hawari ◽  
Hasnae Rokhssi ◽  
Nadia Merzouk ◽  
Oussama Bentahar
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Aesthetic Results ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Removable Appliances ◽  
Nasoalveolar Molding

Statement of problem. Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) are common congenital defects of the present day. They result from a failure of facial bud sticking during embryological phenomena. Their therapeutics based on multi-disciplinary care to restore as much as possible the aesthetic and functional prejudices generated by these anomalies. Purpose. Through this work, we will illustrate, through a clinical case supported at the Consultation and Dental Treatment Center of Rabat, clinical and laboratory stages of realization of Nasoalveolar Molding (NAM). Material and methods. We describe original techniques used in our service for manufacturing of NAM fireworks and we define recommendations after insertion and follow-up procedures.Result. Place of NAM in management of these anomalies has increasingly recommended, given limitations of surgery alone to ensure satisfactory aesthetic results. Several fixed or removable appliances has used, in order to reposition gaps in cleft and / or to reshape affected bordering tissues. Conclusion. Despite the controversies surrounding this therapy, it remains highly recommended and scientifically based.

Dentoalveolar Cleft Treatment Outcome Using Modified Huddart-Bodenham Index and Regression Analysis of Associated Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Imran Arshad ◽  
Mohammad Khursheed Alam ◽  
Mohammad Fadhli Khamis
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Total Occlusion ◽  
Final Model ◽  
History Of ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Dental Models ◽  
Postnatal Factors

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the treatment outcome of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (CUCLP) patients using modified Huddart/Bodenham scoring system (MHB). To determine whether there is an association of congenital and postnatal factors with the treatment outcome. Design: Retrospective observational study. Setting: Two regional cleft-referral centers. Main Outcome Measures: In the current study, 101 pairs of dental models of non-syndromic CUCLP patients were retrieved from hospital archives. Each occlusal relationship from central incisor till the first permanent molars were scored except the lateral incisor. Sum of 10 occlusal relationships in each study sample gave a total occlusion score. The primary outcome was the mean total occlusion score. Results: According to MHB, a mean (standard deviation) total occlusion score of –8.92 (6.89) was determined. Based on treatment outcome, 66 cases were favorable (grades 1, 2, and 3) and 35 cases were unfavorable (grades 4 and 5). Chi-square tests indicated, difference of cheiloplasty ( P = .001) and palatoplasty ( P < .001) statistically significant. Five variables—gender, family history of cleft, cleft side, cheiloplasty, and palatoplasty—were analyzed with a logistic regression model. Conclusions: Final model indicated that cases treated with modified Millard technique (cheiloplasty) and Veau-Wardill-Kilner method (palatoplasty) had higher odds of unfavorable treatment outcome.

Tooth Abnormalities and Occlusal Disorders in Individuals with Frontonasal Dysplasia

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Benetello Dainezi ◽  
Lucimara Teixeira Das Neves ◽  
Gisele Da Silva Dalben ◽  
Marcia Ribeiro Gomide
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Developmental Defect ◽  
Craniofacial Anomalies ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontonasal Dysplasia ◽  
Tooth Abnormalities ◽  
Median Cleft

Objective Frontonasal dysplasia is a rare developmental defect of the midface, and little is known about the dental involvement in individuals with this condition. This study investigated tooth abnormalities and occlusal disorders in individuals with frontonasal dysplasia. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil. Interventions Clinical oral examination, analysis of patient records, and panoramic radiographs. Participants A total of 20 individuals with frontonasal dysplasia aged 7 to 17 years. Main Outcome Measures Prevalence of the several tooth abnormalities and occlusal disorders analyzed. Results A total of 19 individuals presented at least one tooth abnormality, with highly variable findings. In radiographs, 20% of individuals (all presenting oral clefts) presented agenesis of lateral incisors and second premolars. No supernumerary teeth were observed; 65% of individuals exhibited occlusal alterations, especially anterior open bite in the two individuals with median cleft lip. Conclusions Variable clinical and radiographic alterations were observed, probably due to the large variety of phenotypic characteristics. No specific dental alteration could be related with frontonasal dysplasia.

scholarly journals A retrospective and prospective view of orofacial myology

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Robert Mason ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Space Dimension ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Functional Appliance ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Rest Posture

Orofacial myofunctional disorders include specific conditions or behaviors that can have a negative impact on oral postures and functions. Historically, interest has focused on behaviors in the horizontal plane, highlighted by tongue thrusting. Currently, the scope of practice also includes tongue forward posturing, lip incompetence, open mouth rest posture, thumb and finger sucking, bruxism, and biting habits involving lips, fingers, tongue and cheeks. The common denominator for myofunctional conditions is a change in the inter-dental arch vertical rest posture dimension, the dental freeway space. The purposes of myofunctional therapy include normalizing the freeway space dimension by eliminating noxious habits or postures related to freeway space change. Improving cosmesis with a lips-together rest posture is also an important treatment goal. The clinical significance of the freeway space is explained in terms of the dental consequences of differential eruption patterns that can develop from postural modification of the freeway space. When the freeway space is opened for extended periods beyond the normal range, the tongue can act as a functional appliance and contribute to the development of anterior open bite or a Class II malocclusion. A clinical procedure is proposed for evaluating the freeway space dimension and incorporating the information into treatment planning and evaluation of treatment success. While dentistry/orthodontics has a primary focus on dental occlusion, or teeth-together relationships, orofacial myologists focus on teeth-apart behaviors and postures that can lead to, or have already resulted in malocclusion.

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