Treatment: limbs and back

Limb injuries - Fractures - Dislocations - Shoulder and upper arm injuries - Elbow and forearm injuries - Wrist injuries - Hand injuries - Finger injuries - Nail injuries - Pelvic and hip injuries - Knee injuries - Lower leg injuries - Achilles tendon disorders - Ankle injuries - Foot fractures and dislocations - Spinal injury - Low back pain - Physiotherapy

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Injury Prevalence of the Lower Limbs in Handball Players: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19010332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 332

Author(s):

Iván Martín-Guzón ◽

Alejandro Muñoz ◽

Jorge Lorenzo-Calvo ◽

Diego Muriarte ◽

Moisés Marquina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Selection Process ◽

Knee Injuries ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Ankle Injuries ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Injury Incidence ◽

Lower Limb Injuries ◽

Limb Injuries

Lower limb injuries are frequent in handball and a serious hindrance to athletic performance. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the available research on the prevalence of lower limb injuries in handball players according to sex and competitive level. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis, 19 studies were selected after a systematic search and selection process of three digital databases: Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Furthermore, a study quality analysis using an ‘Extension for Sports Injury and Illness Surveillance of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE-SIIS)’ was carried out. The sample consisted of 7110 male and female handball players registering 4483 injuries in their lower limbs. The results showed a high incidence of knee injuries (30.23%) and ankle injuries (24.80%), especially in the ligaments, such as the talofibular and the anterior cruciate ligaments. Considering sex and competitive level, knee injuries accounted for 47.02% of injuries among women, while among men, ankle injuries were most prevalent (34.22%) in international competitions. Additionally, the most common cause of injuries was trauma (85.61%). The findings highlighted that the prevalence of lower limb injuries varies greatly according to the characteristics of the sample and injury. Therefore, the study underlines the importance that sports practitioners (physical trainers, readapters, and physiotherapists) adapt training protocols to reduce injury incidence in the most affected body areas or tissues.

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COMMITTEE ON ACCIDENT PREVENTION

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.20.3.565 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 565-566

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Emergency Care ◽

Surgical Care ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Civil Defense ◽

Accident Prevention ◽

Skeletal Trauma ◽

Leg Injuries ◽

Arm Injuries ◽

Cervical Injuries ◽

Open Injuries

The Committee on Accident Prevention of the American Academy of Pediatrics, in co-operation with the Surgical Section of the same organization, has prepared the following statements to cover the emergency management of childhood skeletal trauma and burns. Both of these statements are endorsed by the Committee on Trauma of the American College of Surgeons and have been approved by the Federal Civil Defense Administration. EMERGENCY CARE OF CHILDHOOD SKELETAL TRAUMA 1. Evaluate and splint where they lie before moving. Do not attempt reduction. 2. Move cervical injuries face up on a rigid support with manual traction applied gently by cupping chin at the time of moving. Sand bags on either side of neck to prevent turning, if possible. 3. Spine injuries should not be flexed in transportation. 4. Lower leg injuries, transport in pillow strapped with belt. 5. Upper leg injuries, transport with both legs and trunk bound to board without circulatory interference. 6. Lower arm injuries, transport with splint such as rolled newspaper, gentle compression wrapping and sling. 7. Upper arm can be bound to chest with lower arm supporting in sling. 8. Open injuries or open wounds, cover with sterile dressing, do not dust with antibiotic, but systemic antibiotic is useful. Do not attempt to retract bone back under skin. Get to surgical care promptly. 9. Do not cover distal tips of extremities if it can be avoided thus allowing a circulation check to be made from time to time. EMERGENCY CARE OF BURNS 1. Burns are due to thermal agents (scalds or fire); chemical agents (battery acid or lye); radiation (sunburn or nuclear); and electrical energy.

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Analysis of Foot-Ankle-Leg Injuries in Various Under-Foot Impact Loading Environments with a Human Active Lower Limb (HALL) Model

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4052111 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jing Huang ◽

Can Huang ◽

Fuhao Mo

Keyword(s):

Impact Loading ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Loading Rate ◽

External Rotation ◽

Loading Conditions ◽

Leg Injuries ◽

Limb Injuries ◽

Foot Loading ◽

Definition Of ◽

Neutral Posture

Abstract Lower limb injuries caused by under-foot impacts often appear in sport landing, automobile collision, and anti-vehicular landmine blasts. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a foot-ankle-leg model of the Human Active Lower Limb (HALL) model, and used it to investigate lower leg injury responses in different under-foot loading environments to provide a theoretical basis for the design of physical dummies adapted to multiple loading conditions. The model was first validated in allowable rotation loading conditions, like dorsiflexion, inversion/eversion, and external rotation. Then, its sensitivity to loading rates and initial postures was further verified through experimental data concerning both biomechanical stiffness and injury locations. Finally, the model was used to investigate the biomechanical responses of the foot-ankle-leg region in different under-foot loading conditions covering the loading rate from sport landing to blast impact. The results showed that from -15° plantarflexion to 30° dorsiflexion, the neutral posture always showed the largest tolerance, and more than 1.5 times tolerance gap was achieved between neutral posture and dorsiflexion 30°. Under-foot impacts from 2 m/s to 14 m/s, the peak tibia force increased at least 1.9 times in all postures. Thus, we consider that it is necessary to include initial posture and loading rate factors in the definition of the foot-ankle-leg injury tolerance for under-foot impact loading.

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Epidemiology of injuries among Italian footballers: the role of the playing field

Injury Prevention ◽

10.1136/injuryprev-2018-042968 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 501-506 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Francesco Paolo Bianchi ◽

Valter Veneziani ◽

Michele Alberto Cantalice ◽

Angela Notarnicola ◽

Silvio Tafuri

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Knee Injuries ◽

Injury Rate ◽

Ankle Injuries ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Playing Field ◽

Natural Grass

BackgroundFootball has a higher injury rate compared with other team sports such as rugby, in terms of two main categories: intrinsic (individual) and extrinsic (environmental) factors. The playing field is an extrinsic risk factor which has been poorly investigated in the literature.PurposeThe aim of our study was to define the incidence and risk factors of injuries in a cohort of footballers comparing the role of three different types of playing field (hard court, natural grass or synthetic grass).Study designThis was a cross sectional prevalence study.MethodsThe population comprised footballers recruited by a convenience sample; the instrument used for the survey was an anonymous self-administered questionnaire.Results267 football players were enrolled (average age 23.4±4.8 years), of whom 33.7% (n=90/267) played on hard court, 33.0% (n=88/267) on natural grass and 33.3% (n=89/267) on synthetic grass. The overall incidence of injury was 40.1 (95% CI 34.1 to 46.8) ×1000 person-years of training, with higher values for ankle and knee injuries. Ankle injuries (aOR 0.4; P=0.021) were associated with playing on natural grass as a protective factor, while playing on natural grass seemed to be a risk factor for muscular injuries (aOR 2.3; P=0.026).ConclusionOur study showed a high lifetime prevalence of injury among footballers (57%), in particular among athletes who play and train on a hard court. We have studied a topic poorly investigated previously and provide the opportunity to understand interventions to increase the capacity of stakeholders in preventing injuries.

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