Risks from animals

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Warrell ◽  
Jim Bond ◽  
Robert Conway ◽  
John Davies ◽  
Lloyd Figgins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Poisonous Fish ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

Animals that can cause severe trauma - Treatment of trauma caused by animals - Venomous land animals - Venomous marine animals - Poisonous fish and shellfish

Risks from animals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Warrell ◽  
Jim Bond ◽  
Robert Conway ◽  
John Davies ◽  
Lloyd Figgins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Poisonous Fish ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

Animals that can cause severe trauma - Treatment of trauma caused by animals - Venomous land animals - Venomous marine animals - Poisonous fish and shellfish

Implications of oil pollution in production of disease in marine organisms

1982 ◽  
Vol 297 (1087) ◽  
pp. 385-399 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fish And Shellfish ◽  
Sufficient Concentration

Contamination of marine waters by petroleum, whether as a consequence of acute or chronic events, constitutes an additional source of stress for marine organisms — one often reflected in pathological changes. Morphological, behavioural, physiological or biochemical abnormalities may result from exposure to petroleum or its component chemicals. Among the morphological changes that have been associated, at least circumstantially, with petroleum contamination of marine habitats are (for fish) fin erosion, fin ray deformation, ovarian histopathology, olfactory lesions, degeneration of ventricular myocardium and cytogenetic anomalies; and (for invertebrates) tissue hyperplasia, gill and gut epithelial necrosis, gonadal tumours and kidney tubule occlusion. Literature on petroleum-associated diseases and abnormalities of fish and shellfish can best be summarized in four major categories: that dealing with integumental lesions offish; that concerned with various other kinds ofhistopathologies, usually experimentally induced; that emphasizing neoplasms of molluscs, and that related to genetic and morphological abnormalities in eggs and larvae, as a consequence of exposure to petroleum or its components. A. general conclusion is that petroleum, in sufficient concentration, can be toxic to marine animals, and toxicity may be expressed as morphological changes. . Some of the effects of petroleum, such as the enhancement of latent viral infections in clams and immunosuppression in fish, are quite probably associated with increased stress. The development of neoplasia and hyperplasia in petroleum-exposed marine animals deserves further examination, as does the entire matter of pollution-related integumental lesions.

scholarly journals Establishment of trauma treatment teams within a regional severe trauma treatment system in China: study protocol for a national cluster-randomised trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e023347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Hui-Xin Liu ◽  
Yan-Hua Wang ◽  
Ya-Jun Zhang ◽  
Jin-Jun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Hospital Emergency ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Experimental Group

IntroductionThe implementation of first aid processes for patients with trauma in China faces significant challenges. These challenges include long response times of prehospital first aid services, lack of information exchange between prehospital first aid services and in-hospital emergency services, lack of a professional rescue team in the majority of hospitals, and lack of standardised training for prehospital and in-hospital emergency personnel. The purpose of the trial is to guide the establishment of an urban trauma treatment system in China, highlight the construction of a trauma treatment system tailored to the Chinese context and improve levels of medical treatment by selecting approximately 100 counties across China as pilots to establish a regional trauma treatment system.Methods and analysisA cluster-randomised controlled trial will be performed in 98 county-level research institutes. Included research institutes will be randomised into an experimental group and a control group. Patients in both experimental and control groups will receive basic treatments. A trauma treatment team will be established in the experimental group. The primary outcome measure is in-hospital mortality rate of patients. The secondary outcome measures include mortality rate of patients within 30 days after trauma attack and within 30 days after discharge, the time between arrival in the institution and receiving consultation, and the time from admission to the start of surgery. The effects of establishment of trauma treatment teams on the treatment of severe trauma will be evaluated in all counties.Ethics and disseminationThe procedures have been approved by The Medical Ethics Committee of Peking University People’s Hospital (No.2017PHB098-01) and conform to the Declaration of Helsinki. Data will be collected and analysed in accordance with participant privacy laws and regulations. Results will be disseminated through policy briefs, workshops, peer-reviewed publications and conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03363880; Pre-results.

scholarly journals Application of Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) in The Treatment of Severe Maxillofacial Trauma: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Sun ◽  
Shuang Tong ◽  
Shude Yang ◽  
Shu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Emergency Treatment ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Maxillofacial Trauma ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Effective Measure

Abstract Background: The severe maxillofacial injuries often involves multiple systems and locations, requiring multiple surgical specialties to participate in injury assessment, emergency surgery and follow-up planned staged surgery, thus requiring the participation and guidance of a multidisciplinary team. This study explores the treatment effect of this model on patients with severe maxillofacial trauma, so as to better promote the standard of severe maxillofacial trauma treatment, aiming to establish a scientific and standardized system of severe trauma treatment. Method: We retrospectively analyzed the treatment process of 173 patients with severe maxillofacial trauma, including timely, orderly, and efficient out-of-hospital emergency treatment. Maxillofacial surgery led the in-hospital treatment, and coordinated with other disciplines to relieve respiratory obstruction, control bleeding, correct shock and save lives. We summarized the experience in the treatment of jaw fracture reduction and internal fixation after the condition was stable. Result: With the specialist treatment and close multidisciplinary cooperation, the treatment effect was good, and the reduction and internal fixation of jaw fractures had achieved satisfactory results. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary coordinated emergency treatment of severe maxillofacial trauma is an effective measure to improve the success rate of treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effects of Standard Rescue Procedure on Severe Trauma Treatment in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 128 (10) ◽  
pp. 1301-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Feng Yin ◽  
Tian-Bing Wang ◽  
Pei-Xun Zhang ◽  
Yu-Hui Kou ◽  
Dian-Ying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Rescue Procedure

Comparison of severe trauma treatment standards in civilian China with current practice in the Chinese military peacekeeping Level 2 Military Hospital in Gao, Mali

2018 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
J Tian ◽  
Y B Wang ◽  
H Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Current Practice ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Treatment Standards ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Medical Teams ◽  
Level 2

IntroductionThe People’s Republic of China has been successfully deploying medical teams to support the peacekeeping mission at the Level 2 Military Hospital in Mali since December 2013. The aim of this paper was to compare the current practice in Chinese Peacekeeping Level 2 Military Hospital with the severe trauma treatment standards reported in China.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted between 26 April 2014 and 18 May 2016 using records stored in the Chinese Peacekeeping Level 2 Hospital (CHN L2). From 19 May 2016 to 31 March 2017, the data were prospectively collected for all casualties presenting in the hospital. Emergency response time, prehospital transit time, emergency rescue time, consultation call time and mortality were compared with the data from a study that evaluated the effects of standard rescue procedure (SRP) in improving severe trauma treatment in different hospitals across China.ResultsIndexes obtained from the analysis of CHN L2 data were equal or surpassed indexes reported in the study evaluating the implementation of SRP in Chinese hospitals.ConclusionThe deployed CHN L2 delivered a high standard of care in Gao, Mali, and generally surpasses the Chinese standards. This can mostly be attributed to an efficient coordination of work during both prehospital and in-hospital stages of rescue.

scholarly journals Educational needs of severe trauma treatment simulation based on mixed reality: Applying focus group interviews to military hospital nurses

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-435
Author(s):  
Seon Mi Jang ◽  
Sinwoo Hwang ◽  
Yoomi Jung ◽  
Eunyoung Jung
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Teaching Evaluation ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Group Interviews

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the educational needs of a severe trauma treatment simulation program based on mixed reality which combines element of both virtual reality and augmented reality.Methods: Focus group interviews were conducted with ten military hospital nurses on February 4 and 5, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis. As a framework for data analysis, the educational needs were clustered into the following four categories: teaching contents, teaching methods, teaching evaluation, and teaching environment.Results: The educational needs for each category that emerged were as follows: three subcategories including “realistic education reflecting actual clinical practice” and “motivating education” for teaching contents; five subcategories including “team-based education,” “repeated education that acts as embodied learning,” and “stepwise education” for teaching methods; six subcategories including “debriefing through video conferences,” “team evaluation and evaluator in charge of the team,” “combination of knowledge and practice evaluation” for teaching evaluation; six subcategories including “securing safety,” “similar settings to real clinical environments,” “securing of convenience and accessibility for learners,” and “operating as continuing education” for teaching environment.Conclusion: The findings of this study can provide a guide for the development and operation of a severe trauma treatment simulation program based on mixed reality. Moreover, it suggests that research to identify the educational needs of various learners should be conducted.

scholarly journals Determination of Metal Contamination in Seafood from the Black, Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean Sea Metal Contamination in Seafood

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 749 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. KUPLULU ◽  
G. IPLIKCIOGLU CIL ◽  
S. D. KORKMAZ ◽  
O. AYKUT ◽  
G. OZANSOY
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

Seafood is one of the most important components of a healthy diet due to its composition. With the Black, Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean Sea, Turkey has substantial sources of seafood. Seas are highly impacted by environmental pollution. Among these, heavy metal pollution has long been recognized as a serious problem for seafood. As heavy metals cannot be degraded, they are deposited, assimilated or incorporated in water, sediment and aquatic animals. By these properties, they can be transferred to humans through the food chain especially by the consumption of fish and shellfish. The aim of this study is to determine the concentrations of Cd, As, Pb and Hg levels in selected fish species and marine animals from all of the 4 seas of Turkey by using the ICP-MS technique, and to compare the results with the legislations safe limits. For this purpose, 13 different fish species, mussels and shrimps have been obtained from the Black, Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean Seas. According to the results, metal concentrations decrease in the order As>Pb>Hg>Cd. In all the seas, the same order was found. Statistically significant differences were observed in the metal levels between fish species and the shellfish in all regions. Except for the two samples, all the results was found compatible with the Turkish Food Codex and European Commission Regulation limits. Arsenic levels were detected between 0,076-4,230 mg/kg within the samples. Cadmium levels were detected as higher than the limits in two samples obtained from the Mediterranean Sea, Scophthalmus maximus and Mullus barbatus species as 0,076 mg/kg and 0,064 mg/kg, respectively. The highest and the lowest levels of mercury and lead were measured as 0,005-0,405 and 0,015-0,405 mg/kg, respectively. The results obtained from this study revealed that, except for a few cases, the selected heavy metal concentrations in most samples were below the limits. Also, besides the mussels and the shrimps, there was no single type of fish that was consistently high in all metals. The examined seas and the seafood were found to be safe for human consumption.

Evaluation of the effects of standardization process of severe trauma treatment in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Yin ◽  
Tianbing Wang ◽  
Peixun Zhang ◽  
Yuhui Kou ◽  
Baoguo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Trauma Treatment ◽  
Standardization Process
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