Clinical Phenomenology of Borderline Personality Disorder

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Siever
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
The Core ◽  
Clinical Phenomenology ◽  
The Brain

This chapter takes an in-depth look at the clinical phenomenology of borderline personality disorder (BPD); the core, essential dimensions that are widely recognized as part of this personality disorder; and will essentially examine what an individual with BPD looks like. Although research on mental illness is moving toward a more neurobiological approach to understanding illness, as we learn more about the brain and the ways in which it affects us, clinicians must maintain awareness of clinical phenomenology. The importance of learning the biological components of mental illness cannot be underscored enough, but as we learn what parts of the brain are activated during various mental activities, we need to be able to understand patients’ clinical manifestations of a disorder and the ways in which it directly affects their lives and the lives of those around them.

scholarly journals Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome Presented as Severe Borderline Personality Disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Pesic ◽  
Amir Peljto ◽  
Biljana Lukic ◽  
Maja Milovanovic ◽  
Snezana Svetozarevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Early Learning ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebellar Dysfunction ◽  
Affective Instability ◽  
Polysubstance Abuse

An increasing number of findings confirm the significance of cerebellum in affecting regulation and early learning. Most consistent findings refer to association of congenital vermis anomalies with deficits in nonmotor functions of cerebellum. In this paper we presented a young woman who was treated since sixteen years of age for polysubstance abuse, affective instability, and self-harming who was later diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. Since the neurological and neuropsychological reports pointed to signs of cerebellar dysfunction and dysexecutive syndrome, we performed magnetic resonance imaging of brain which demonstrated partially developed vermis and rhombencephalosynapsis. These findings match the description of cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome and show an overlap with clinical manifestations of borderline personality disorder.

Borderline personality disorder: part 1 – assessment and diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-172
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Garland ◽  
Stephen Miller
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
The Core ◽  
Diagnostic Practice ◽  
Assessment And Diagnosis

SUMMARYGeneral adult psychiatrists are largely responsible for the care of patients with personality disorders in community and in-patient settings, and this can be associated with diagnostic and management challenges. In the first of two articles focusing specifically on borderline personality disorder (BPD), we summarise the core clinical features of the disorder and discuss appropriate diagnostic practice.

Understanding Interpersonal Dysfunction in Borderline Personality Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Miano ◽  
Isabel Dziobek ◽  
Stefan Roepke
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Empathic Accuracy ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
The Core ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties ◽  
Interpersonal Dysfunction

The core interpersonal dysfunction in borderline personality disorder (BPD) has not yet been conclusively explained. We used a naturalistic dyadic paradigm to test for the presence of functional empathic inaccuracy in BPD, which is a reduced understanding of the partner’s feelings in relationship-threatening situations. A total of 64 heterosexual couples ( N = 128) were videotaped while engaging in (a) neutral (favorite films), (b) personally threatening (personal fears), and (c) relationship-threatening (separation from partner) conversations. Females were either diagnosed with BPD or healthy controls. Empathic accuracy (EA) was measured from the recorded interactions. Healthy couples’ EA was lower during relationship-threatening compared with personally threatening situations. In contrast, women with BPD showed increased EA, relative to the controls, for relationship- versus personally threatening situations. Reduced EA in response to relationship-threatening situations is likely to be relationship protective. This mechanism appears to be defective in women with BPD, which might explain the interpersonal difficulties experienced by BPD individuals.

scholarly journals The Pathogenesis and Treatment of Emotion Dysregulation in Borderline Personality Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Laddis
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Efficacy Study ◽  
Emotional Lability ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Deficit ◽  
Key Factor

Uncontrollable emotional lability and impulsivity are a paramount phenomenon of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). This paper aims to review theories that entertain emotion dysregulation as the core deficit of BPD and a key factor in the etiology of BPD, in order, then, to propose the author’s own theory, which arguably transcends certain limitations of the earlier ones. The author asserts that his psychodynamic theory explains the symptoms of BPD more thoroughly and it inspires a more parsimonious interpretation of brain imaging findings. In closing, the author draws implications of the proposed theory for clinical practice. He reports an efficacy study for treatment of emotion dysregulation based on that theory.

Personality problems and disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Burns ◽  
Mike Firn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Outreach Workers ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Icd 10

This chapter deals with the controversial issue of personality disorder, whether these are meaningful diagnoses and, if so, how they affect management. The classification is entirely pragmatic: the definitions and classification in both ICD-10 and DSM-V are outlined along with proposals to abandon categories in favour of a dimensional approach. The issue of treatability is explored, but we conclude that ignoring personality and personality disorders is not a viable alternative for outreach workers. Most of the chapter deals with the management of dissocial personality disorder (usually in men) and borderline personality disorder (usually in women). Specific psychotherapies are not dealt with here; the focus is on how to use team work to manage individuals with severe mental illness and disorders of personality.

Eating Disorders in Borderline Personality Disorder

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Chen
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Control Behavior ◽  
Dialectical Tension ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shared Risk ◽  
The Brain

Eating disorders (EDs) often arise from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social processes in which there is a dialectical tension between the overabundance of food and an obsession with thinness. The DSM-5 recognizes three specific types of EDs that are common in borderline personality disorder (BPD): anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED). The impulsive, self-destructive tendencies of those with BPD may also make them particularly vulnerable to developing an ED. Recent advances in neuroscience have resulted in great understanding of the brain mechanisms and processes that control behavior associated with EDs and BPD. Research has supported the idea that the co-occurrence of both disorders may be caused by an inability to tolerate and skillfully manage negative or unpleasant emotions. Other possible commonalities between EDs and BPD involve shared risk factors, such as a history of childhood trauma.

scholarly journals Rejection Sensitivity and Borderline Personality Disorder Features: The Mediating Roles of Attachment Anxiety, Need to Belong, and Self-Criticism

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Momoko Sato ◽  
Peter Fonagy ◽  
Patrick Luyten
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Need To Belong ◽  
The Core ◽  
Developmental Mechanisms ◽  
Core Feature ◽  
High Rejection

Rejection hypersensitivity has been considered the core feature of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, little is known about the possible developmental mechanisms that might explain the association between rejection sensitivity and BPD features. The current study investigated the mediating roles of adult attachment, need to belong, and self-criticism in the association between rejection sensitivity and BPD features in 256 healthy adults. Results indicated that attachment anxiety, need to belong, and self-criticism mediated the association between rejection sensitivity and BPD features. However, attachment anxiety and self-criticism did not moderate the mediated association between rejection sensitivity and BPD features. The findings suggest that individuals with high rejection sensitivity are more likely to be anxiously attached to significant others, which might increase the desire to be accepted by others. To satisfy this elevated need to affiliate with others, these individuals might become more self-critical, which may contribute to high BPD features.

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