Ethical Use of Tissue Samples in Genetic Research

2003 ◽  
Vol 168 (6) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Azarow ◽  
Francis L. Olmstead ◽  
Roderick F. Hume ◽  
Jerome Myers ◽  
Bryon C. Calhoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Research ◽  
Tissue Samples

scholarly journals Transcriptomic resources for prairie grass (Bromus catharticus): expressed transcripts, tissue-specific genes, and identification and validation of EST-SSR markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Sun ◽  
Zhixiao Dong ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Wendan Wu ◽  
Chenglin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Strain ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Prairie Grass ◽  
The Future ◽  
Genomic Resource

Abstract Background Prairie grass (Bromus catharticus) is a typical cool-season forage crop with high biomass production and fast growth rate during winter and spring. However, its genetic research and breeding has remained stagnant due to limited available genomic resources. The aim of this study was to generate large-scale genomic data using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing, and perform a preliminary validation of EST-SSR markers of B. catharticus. Results Eleven tissue samples including seeds, leaves, and stems were collected from a new high-yield strain of prairie grass BCS1103. A total of 257,773 unigenes were obtained, of which 193,082 (74.90%) were annotated. Comparison analysis between tissues identified 1803, 3030, and 1570 genes specifically and highly expressed in seed, leaf, and stem, respectively. A total of 37,288 EST-SSRs were identified from unigene sequences, and more than 80,000 primer pairs were designed. We synthesized 420 primer pairs and selected 52 ones with high polymorphisms to estimate genetic diversity and population structure in 24 B. catharticus accessions worldwide. Despite low diversity indicated by an average genetic distance of 0.364, the accessions from South America and Asia and wild accessions showed higher genetic diversity. Moreover, South American accessions showed a pure ancestry, while Asian accessions demonstrated mixed internal relationships, which indicated a different probability of gene flow. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the studied accessions into four clades, being consistent with phenotypic clustering results. Finally, Mantel analysis suggested the total phenotypic variation was mostly contributed by genetic component. Stem diameter, plant height, leaf width, and biomass yield were significantly correlated with genetic data (r > 0.6, P < 0.001), and might be used in the future selection and breeding. Conclusion A genomic resource was generated that could benefit genetic and taxonomic studies, as well as molecular breeding for B. catharticus and its relatives in the future.

Informed consent for genetic research on stored tissue samples

JAMA ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 274 (22) ◽  
pp. 1786-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Tissue Samples

scholarly journals Genetic research on stored tissue samples from minors: A systematic review of the ethical literature

2009 ◽  
Vol 149A (10) ◽  
pp. 2346-2358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristien Hens ◽  
Herman Nys ◽  
Jean-Jacques Cassiman ◽  
Kris Dierickx
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Tissue Samples

scholarly journals An exploratory survey of professionals on the use of stored tissue samples from minors for genetic research

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 973-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hens ◽  
J. Snoeck ◽  
H. Nys ◽  
J.-J. Cassiman ◽  
K. Dierickx
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Research ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Exploratory Survey

Transcriptomic resources for prairie grass (Bromus catharticus): expressed transcripts, tissue-specific genes, and identification and validation of EST-SSR markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Sun ◽  
Zhixiao Dong ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Wendan Wu ◽  
Chenglin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Strain ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Prairie Grass ◽  
The Future ◽  
Genomic Resource

Abstract Background: Prairie grass (Bromus catharticus) is a typical cool-season forage crop with high biomass production and fast growth rate during winter and spring. However, its genetic research and breeding has remained stagnant due to limited available genomic resources. The aim of this study was to generate large-scale genomic data using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing, and perform a preliminary validation of EST-SSR markers of B. catharticus.Results: Eleven tissue samples including seeds, leaves, and stems were collected from a new high-yield strain of prairie grass BCS1103. A total of 257,773 unigenes were obtained, of which 193,082 (74.90%) were annotated. Comparison analysis between tissues identified 1803, 3030, and 1570 genes specifically expressed in the seed, leaf, and stem, respectively. A total of 37,288 EST-SSRs were identified from unigene sequences, and more than 80,000 primer pairs were designed. We synthesized 420 primer pairs and selected 52 ones with high polymorphisms to estimate genetic diversity and population structure in 24 B. catharticus accessions worldwide. Despite low diversity indicated by an average genetic distance of 0.358, the accessions from South America and Asia and wild accessions showed higher genetic diversity. Moreover, South American accessions showed a pure ancestry, but Asian accessions demonstrated mixed relationships, which indicated a different probability of gene flow among the two regions. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the studied accessions into four clades. Finally, phenotypic clustering and Mantel analysis suggested the total phenotypic variation was mostly contributed by the genetic component. Stem diameter, plant height, leaf width, and biomass yield significantly correlated with genetic data (r > 0.6, P < 0.001), and might be genetically stable in the future selection and breeding.Conclusion: A genomic resource was generated that could benefit genetic and taxonomic studies, as well as molecular breeding for B. catharticus and it relatives in the future.

Now what? Pre-and post-analysis preservation of ancient animal and human molecular products

1970 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelique Corthals
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
Scholarly Publications ◽  
Frozen Tissue ◽  
Genomic Revolution

With the advent of the “genomic revolution” and the rapid refinement of techniques of molecular biology, academic institutions, such as museums and university collections, are at the forefront of specimen analysis. However, the lack and/or poor condition of preservation of molecular voucher generated from often fragile and rare specimens is a problem rarely addressed. To remedy this problem, the AMNH launched a frozen tissue collection, the Ambrose Monell Cryocollection (AM-CC) in May 2001. The AM-CC maintains specimens below -150 o Celsius and supports ongoing genetic research across taxa, from ancient to modern samples, by insuring that all research materials are vouchered (i.e. they point back to a specimen in a curated collection), a much-needed service that the Museum extends to the entire scientific community. Scientists using the Monell Collection have access to legally collected, authoritatively identified and properly documented specimens for use in their research, complete with Museum catalog numbers to reference in their scholarly publications. Researcher are also offered the possibility of vouchering their research by depositing the DNA or tissue samples gathered for their studies

scholarly journals Genetic research and donation of tissue samples to biobanks. What do potential sample donors in the Swedish general public think?

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åsa Kettis-Lindblad ◽  
Lena Ring ◽  
Eva Viberth ◽  
Mats G. Hansson
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Tissue Samples

Ethical Principles for Research Governance of Biobanks

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Ethics Council

AbstractBiobanks of collected human tissue samples are rapidly expanding and becoming „essential tools in translating biomedical research into real improvements in health care”. Biobanks are rich sources for genetic research. The German National Ethics Council has noted, for example, the potential of biobanks for the identification of causes of disease and for breakthroughs in medical and pharmaceutical research. Unsurprisingly, many pharmaceutical companies operate biobank collections for research purposes and to enrol suitable clinical trial recruits so as to minimise side effects and achieve better results. Biobanks are also essential tools for conducting large-scale epidemiological studies, involving whole populations (with the neologism „epigenetic”). One commentator has noted that biobanks are invariably ”staggeringly expensive”

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