Now what? Pre-and post-analysis preservation of ancient animal and human molecular products

1970 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelique Corthals
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
Scholarly Publications ◽  
Frozen Tissue ◽  
Genomic Revolution

With the advent of the “genomic revolution” and the rapid refinement of techniques of molecular biology, academic institutions, such as museums and university collections, are at the forefront of specimen analysis. However, the lack and/or poor condition of preservation of molecular voucher generated from often fragile and rare specimens is a problem rarely addressed. To remedy this problem, the AMNH launched a frozen tissue collection, the Ambrose Monell Cryocollection (AM-CC) in May 2001. The AM-CC maintains specimens below -150 o Celsius and supports ongoing genetic research across taxa, from ancient to modern samples, by insuring that all research materials are vouchered (i.e. they point back to a specimen in a curated collection), a much-needed service that the Museum extends to the entire scientific community. Scientists using the Monell Collection have access to legally collected, authoritatively identified and properly documented specimens for use in their research, complete with Museum catalog numbers to reference in their scholarly publications. Researcher are also offered the possibility of vouchering their research by depositing the DNA or tissue samples gathered for their studies

scholarly journals Rapid brain structure and tumour margin detection on whole frozen tissue sections by fast multiphotometric mid-infrared scanning

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Kümmel ◽  
Björn van Marwick ◽  
Miriam Rittel ◽  
Carina Ramallo Guevara ◽  
Felix Wühler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Frozen Tissue

AbstractFrozen section analysis is a frequently used method for examination of tissue samples, especially for tumour detection. In the majority of cases, the aim is to identify characteristic tissue morphologies or tumour margins. Depending on the type of tissue, a high number of misdiagnoses are associated with this process. In this work, a fast spectroscopic measurement device and workflow was developed that significantly improves the speed of whole frozen tissue section analyses and provides sufficient information to visualize tissue structures and tumour margins, dependent on their lipid and protein molecular vibrations. That optical and non-destructive method is based on selected wavenumbers in the mid-infrared (MIR) range. We present a measuring system that substantially outperforms a commercially available Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Imaging system, since it enables acquisition of reduced spectral information at a scan field of 1 cm2 in 3 s, with a spatial resolution of 20 µm. This allows fast visualization of segmented structure areas with little computational effort. For the first time, this multiphotometric MIR system is applied to biomedical tissue sections. We are referencing our novel MIR scanner on cryopreserved murine sagittal and coronal brain sections, especially focusing on the hippocampus, and show its usability for rapid identification of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in mouse liver.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic resources for prairie grass (Bromus catharticus): expressed transcripts, tissue-specific genes, and identification and validation of EST-SSR markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Sun ◽  
Zhixiao Dong ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Wendan Wu ◽  
Chenglin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Strain ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Prairie Grass ◽  
The Future ◽  
Genomic Resource

Abstract Background Prairie grass (Bromus catharticus) is a typical cool-season forage crop with high biomass production and fast growth rate during winter and spring. However, its genetic research and breeding has remained stagnant due to limited available genomic resources. The aim of this study was to generate large-scale genomic data using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing, and perform a preliminary validation of EST-SSR markers of B. catharticus. Results Eleven tissue samples including seeds, leaves, and stems were collected from a new high-yield strain of prairie grass BCS1103. A total of 257,773 unigenes were obtained, of which 193,082 (74.90%) were annotated. Comparison analysis between tissues identified 1803, 3030, and 1570 genes specifically and highly expressed in seed, leaf, and stem, respectively. A total of 37,288 EST-SSRs were identified from unigene sequences, and more than 80,000 primer pairs were designed. We synthesized 420 primer pairs and selected 52 ones with high polymorphisms to estimate genetic diversity and population structure in 24 B. catharticus accessions worldwide. Despite low diversity indicated by an average genetic distance of 0.364, the accessions from South America and Asia and wild accessions showed higher genetic diversity. Moreover, South American accessions showed a pure ancestry, while Asian accessions demonstrated mixed internal relationships, which indicated a different probability of gene flow. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the studied accessions into four clades, being consistent with phenotypic clustering results. Finally, Mantel analysis suggested the total phenotypic variation was mostly contributed by genetic component. Stem diameter, plant height, leaf width, and biomass yield were significantly correlated with genetic data (r > 0.6, P < 0.001), and might be used in the future selection and breeding. Conclusion A genomic resource was generated that could benefit genetic and taxonomic studies, as well as molecular breeding for B. catharticus and its relatives in the future.

Muscle Biopsy Samples for Histochemical Processing: Alterations Induced by Storage

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Braund ◽  
K. A. Amling
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Frozen Tissue ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry ◽  
Type Ii Fibers

Skeletal muscle samples from two healthy dogs were stored in ice at 0 C for up to 30 hours to examine the influence of time on cell morphology and morphometry. Cytochemical and histochemical properties of muscle to 18 hours were not markedly different from fresh frozen tissue. Samples stored to 30 hours were still satisfactory, despite a decline and unevenness in depth of staining. Morphometry from samples stored at 0 C for 6 hours or longer is not recommended, due to the statistically significant increase in diameter (from 21 to 25%) of type I and type II fibers.

Estrogen and progestin binding by cytosolic and nuclear fractions of human meningiomas

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 750-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Martuza ◽  
Douglas C. Miller ◽  
David T. MacLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cellular Density ◽  
Equilibrium Binding ◽  
Frozen Tissue ◽  
Human Meningiomas ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Frozen tissue samples were obtained from meningiomas in 42 patients. Both cytosolic and nuclear fractions were tested for estradiol and progestin binding using equilibrium binding assays. The results were correlated with the age of the patient and the histological type and cellular density of the tumor. Cytosolic estradiol binding was noted in 25 (60%) of 42 tumors, with eight (19%) of the 42 having levels over 10 femtomoles (fM)/mg protein. Nuclear estradiol binding was detected in 16 (57%) of 28 tumors, with six (21%) of the 28 having levels over 10 fM/mg protein. Cytosolic progestin binding was noted in 16 (73%) of 22 samples, with levels in nine (41%) of 22 being greater than 10 fM/mg protein. There was no correlation between the level of cytoplasmic progestin binding and either the level of cytoplasmic estradiol binding or the level of nuclear estradiol binding. In several specimens, levels of cytoplasmic progestin binding in excess of 100 fM/mg protein were found in tissues demonstrating little or no estradiol binding by either the nucleus or the cytosol. This discrepancy differs from the situation found in other hormonally responsive tissues such as breast or uterus, and suggests either a possible derangement of the normal cellular hormonal control mechanism or that the measured hormone binder is a molecule other than a classical hormone receptor.

scholarly journals On the Coronaviruses and Their Associations with the Aquatic Environment and Wastewater

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Wartecki ◽  
Piotr Rzymski
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Positive Sense

The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a severe respiratory disease caused by betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2, in 2019 that further developed into a pandemic has received an unprecedented response from the scientific community and sparked a general research interest into the biology and ecology of Coronaviridae, a family of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Aquatic environments, lakes, rivers and ponds, are important habitats for bats and birds, which are hosts for various coronavirus species and strains and which shed viral particles in their feces. It is therefore of high interest to fully explore the role that aquatic environments may play in coronavirus spread, including cross-species transmissions. Besides the respiratory tract, coronaviruses pathogenic to humans can also infect the digestive system and be subsequently defecated. Considering this, it is pivotal to understand whether wastewater can play a role in their dissemination, particularly in areas with poor sanitation. This review provides an overview of the taxonomy, molecular biology, natural reservoirs and pathogenicity of coronaviruses; outlines their potential to survive in aquatic environments and wastewater; and demonstrates their association with aquatic biota, mainly waterfowl. It also calls for further, interdisciplinary research in the field of aquatic virology to explore the potential hotspots of coronaviruses in the aquatic environment and the routes through which they may enter it.

Informed consent for genetic research on stored tissue samples

JAMA ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 274 (22) ◽  
pp. 1786-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Tissue Samples

Ethical Use of Tissue Samples in Genetic Research

2003 ◽  
Vol 168 (6) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Azarow ◽  
Francis L. Olmstead ◽  
Roderick F. Hume ◽  
Jerome Myers ◽  
Bryon C. Calhoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Research ◽  
Tissue Samples

scholarly journals Comparison of Accuracy of Whole-Exome Sequencing with Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded and Fresh Frozen Tissue Samples

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e0144162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ensel Oh ◽  
Yoon-La Choi ◽  
Mi Jeong Kwon ◽  
Ryong Nam Kim ◽  
Yu Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Exome Sequencing ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Frozen Tissue ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Formalin Fixed
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