scholarly journals Constraints on stupendously large black holes

2020 ◽  
Vol 501 (2) ◽  
pp. 2029-2043
Author(s):  
Bernard Carr ◽  
Florian Kühnel ◽  
Luca Visinelli
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles ◽  
Observational Constraints ◽  
Primordial Black Holes ◽  
Massive Particles

ABSTRACT We consider the observational constraints on stupendously large black holes (SLABs) in the mass range $M \gtrsim 10^{11}\, \mathrm{ M_{\odot}}$. These have attracted little attention hitherto, and we are aware of no published constraints on a SLAB population in the range (1012–$10^{18})\, \mathrm{ M_{\odot}}$. However, there is already evidence for black holes of up to nearly $10^{11}\, \mathrm{ M_{\odot}}$ in galactic nuclei, so it is conceivable that SLABs exist and they may even have been seeded by primordial black holes. We focus on limits associated with (i) dynamical and lensing effects, (ii) the generation of background radiation through the accretion of gas during the pre-galactic epoch, and (iii) the gamma-ray emission from the annihilation of the halo of weakly interacting massive particles expected to form around each SLAB if these provide the dark matter. Finally, we comment on the constraints on the mass of ultralight bosons from future measurements of the mass and spin of SLABs.

Primordial black holes and the observable features of the universe

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 1545005 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Belotsky ◽  
A. A. Kirillov ◽  
S. G. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Galactic Center ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Primordial Black Holes ◽  
Simultaneous Solution ◽  
Supermassive Black Hole ◽  
Range Distribution ◽  
The Universe

Here, we briefly discuss the possibility to solve simultaneously with primordial black holes (PBHs) the problems of dark matter (DM), reionization of the universe, origin of positron line from Galactic center and supermassive black hole (BH) in it. Discussed scenario can naturally lead to a multiple-peak broad-mass-range distribution of PBHs in mass, which is necessary for simultaneous solution of the problems.

scholarly journals Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: Recent Developments

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Carr ◽  
Florian Kühnel
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particle ◽  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Primordial Black Holes ◽  
Poisson Effect ◽  
Recent Developments

Although the dark matter is usually assumed to be made up of some form of elementary particle, primordial black holes (PBHs) could also provide some of it. However, various constraints restrict the possible mass windows to 1016–1017 g, 1020–1024 g, and 10–103 M⊙. The last possibility is contentious but of special interest in view of the recent detection of black hole mergers by LIGO/Virgo. PBHs might have important consequences and resolve various cosmological conundra even if they account for only a small fraction of the dark matter density. In particular, those larger than 103 M⊙ could generate cosmological structures through the seed or Poisson effect, thereby alleviating some problems associated with the standard cold dark matter scenario, and sufficiently large PBHs might provide seeds for the supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei. More exotically, the Planck-mass relics of PBH evaporations or stupendously large black holes bigger than 1012 M⊙ could provide an interesting dark component.

scholarly journals Indirect searches for dark matter with the Fermi LAT instrument

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (22) ◽  
pp. 1430030 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Mazziotta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Weakly Interacting ◽  
Electron Positron ◽  
Massive Particles ◽  
Particle Dark Matter

In this review the current status of several searches for particle dark matter with the Fermi Large Area Telescope instrument is presented. In particular, the current limits on the weakly interacting massive particles, obtained from the analyses of gamma-ray and cosmic ray electron/positron data, will be illustrated.

scholarly journals Searching for dark matter constituents with many solar masses

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (16) ◽  
pp. 1650093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Frampton
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cosmic Microwave Background ◽  
Massive Particle ◽  
Search Strategies ◽  
Observational Constraints ◽  
Primordial Black Holes ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Weak Scale ◽  
Weakly Interacting

Searches for dark matter (DM) constituents are presently mainly focused on axions and weakly interacting massive particle (WIMPs) despite the fact that far higher mass constituents are viable. We discuss and dispute whether axions exist and those arguments for WIMPs which arise from weak scale supersymmetry. We focus on the highest possible masses and argue that, since if they constitute all DM, they cannot be baryonic, they must uniquely be primordial black holes. Observational constraints require them to be of intermediate masses mostly between ten and a hundred thousand solar masses. Known search strategies for such PIMBHs include wide binaries, cosmic microwave background (CMB) distortion and, most promisingly, extended microlensing experiments.

scholarly journals Theory of dark matter

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (19) ◽  
pp. 1730013
Author(s):  
Paul H. Frampton
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Galactic Halo ◽  
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles ◽  
Intermediate Mass ◽  
Massive Particles ◽  
The Status ◽  
Intermediate Mass Black Holes

We discuss the hypothesis that the constituents of dark matter in the galactic halo are primordial intermediate-mass black holes (PIMBHs). The status of axions and weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) is discussed, as are the methods for detecting PIMBHs with emphasis on microlensing. The role of the angular momentum [Formula: see text] of the PIMBHs in their escaping previous detection is considered.

scholarly journals Looking for MACHOs in the spectra of fast radio bursts

2020 ◽  
Vol 496 (1) ◽  
pp. 564-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Katz ◽  
Joachim Kopp ◽  
Sergey Sibiryakov ◽  
Wei Xue
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Primordial Black Holes ◽  
Radio Bursts ◽  
Interstellar Scintillation ◽  
Massive Compact Halo Objects ◽  
Main Complication

ABSTRACT We explore a novel search strategy for dark matter in the form of massive compact halo objects (MACHOs) such as primordial black holes or dense mini-haloes in the mass range from $10^{-4}\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ to $0.1\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$. These objects can gravitationally lens the signal of fast radio bursts (FRBs), producing a characteristic interference pattern in the frequency spectrum, similar to the previously studied femtolensing signal in gamma-ray burst spectra. Unlike traditional searches using microlensing, FRB lensing will probe the abundance of MACHOs at cosmological distance scales (∼Gpc) rather than just their distribution in the neighbourhood of the Milky Way. The method is thus particularly relevant for dark mini-haloes, which may be inaccessible to microlensing due to their finite spatial extent or tidal disruption in galaxies. We find that the main complication in FRB lensing will be interstellar scintillation in the FRB’s host galaxy and in the Milky Way. Scintillation is difficult to quantify because it heavily depends on turbulence in the interstellar medium, which is poorly understood. We show that, nevertheless, for realistic scintillation parameters, FRB lensing can set competitive limits on compact dark matter object, and we back our findings with explicit simulations.

scholarly journals Reionization effect enhancement due to primordial black holes

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (09) ◽  
pp. 1750102 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Belotsky ◽  
A. A. Kirillov ◽  
N. O. Nazarova ◽  
S. G. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Primordial Black Holes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
G Value ◽  
The Universe

Primordial black holes (PBHs) could account for variety of phenomena like dark matter, reionization of the universe, early quasars, coalescence of black holes registered through gravitational waves recently. Each phenomenon relates to PBH of a specific mass range. PBH mass spectra varies in a wide range depending on specific model. Earlier, we have shown that PBH with monochromatic mass distribution around [Formula: see text] g value allow to re-ionize the universe moderately. Here, we show that reionization effect and contribution to dark matter can be simultaneously enhanced with more natural extended mass distribution in the range around the same mass value.

scholarly journals Primordial Black Holes and a Common Origin of Baryons and Dark Matter

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Juan García-Bellido ◽  
Bernard Carr ◽  
Sébastien Clesse
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Observational Constraints ◽  
Primordial Black Holes ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Subsequent Propagation ◽  
Rare Regions ◽  
The Universe

The origin of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) and the nature of dark matter are two of the most challenging problems in cosmology. We propose a scenario in which the gravitational collapse of large inhomogeneities at the quark-hadron epoch generates both the baryon asymmetry and most of the dark matter in the form of primordial black holes (PBHs). This is due to the sudden drop in radiation pressure during the transition from a quark-gluon plasma to non-relativistic hadrons. The collapse to a PBH is induced by fluctuations of a light spectator scalar field in rare regions and is accompanied by the violent expulsion of surrounding material, which might be regarded as a sort of “primordial supernova". The acceleration of protons to relativistic speeds provides the ingredients for efficient baryogenesis around the collapsing regions and its subsequent propagation to the rest of the Universe. This scenario naturally explains why the observed BAU is of order the PBH collapse fraction and why the baryons and dark matter have comparable densities. The predicted PBH mass distribution ranges from subsolar to several hundred solar masses. This is compatible with current observational constraints and could explain the rate, mass and low spin of the black hole mergers detected by LIGO-Virgo. Future observations will soon be able to test this scenario.

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