Mismatch recognition and subsequent processing have distinct effects on mitotic recombination intermediates and outcomes in yeast

We have long felt that some form of electronic information retrieval would be more desirable than conventional photographic methods in a high vacuum electron microscope for various reasons. The most obvious of these is the fact that with electronic data retrieval the major source of gas load is removed from the instrument. An equally important reason is that if any subsequent analysis of the data is to be made, a continuous record on magnetic tape gives a much larger quantity of data and gives it in a form far more satisfactory for subsequent processing.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Mismatch recognition and uracil excision provide complementary paths to both Ig switching and the A/T-focused phase of somatic mutation.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1022269.253676 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Amy Kenter

Keyword(s):

Somatic Mutation ◽

Mismatch Recognition

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Mitotic recombination in patients with ichthyosis causes reversion of dominant mutations in KRT10.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.5002963.4975054 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Fyodor Urnov

Keyword(s):

Mitotic Recombination

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JUSTIFICATION OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF BREEDING MARALS IN THE KOSTROMA REGION

Наука. Исследования. Практика: сборник избранных статей по материалам Международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Апрель 2020) ◽

10.37539/srp290.2020.80.22.006 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Татьяна Максимовна Василькова ◽

Арина Александровна Смирнова ◽

Дмитрий Сергеевич Попов ◽

Акмарал Эмильбековна Джунушалиева

Keyword(s):

Economic Efficiency ◽

Subsequent Processing

В статье рассмотрен проект по разведению маралов в Костромской области с целью получения продукции (мяса, пантов, шкур) с последующей переработкой и реализацией. Были разработаны производственный, организационный, финансовый, маркетинговый планы. Также проанализирована экономическая эффективность проекта и связанные с деятельностью риски. The article considers a project for breeding marals in the Kostroma region that specializes in breeding marals in order to obtain products (meat, antlers) with subsequent processing and sale. Production, organizational, financial, and marketing plans were developed. The economic efficiency of the project and the risks associated with the activity are also analyzed.

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A New Hyperrecombination Mutation Identifies a Novel Yeast Gene, THP1, Connecting Transcription Elongation With Mitotic Recombination

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/157.1.79 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 157 (1) ◽

pp. 79-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mercedes Gallardo ◽

Andrés Aguilera

Keyword(s):

Genomic Instability ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Unknown Function ◽

Genetic Instability ◽

Transcription Elongation ◽

Mitotic Recombination ◽

Yeast Gene ◽

Transcription Terminator ◽

New Gene ◽

New Evidence

Abstract Given the importance of the incidence of recombination in genomic instability, it is of great interest to know the elements or processes controlling recombination in mitosis. One such process is transcription, which has been shown to induce recombination in bacteria, yeast, and mammals. To further investigate the genetic control of the incidence of recombination and genetic instability and, in particular, its connection with transcription, we have undertaken a search for hyperrecombination mutants among a large number of strains deleted in genes of unknown function. We have identified a new gene, THP1 (YOL072w), whose deletion mutation strongly stimulates recombination between repeats. In addition, thp1Δ impairs transcription, a defect that is particularly strong at the level of elongation through particular DNA sequences such as lacZ. The hyperrecombination phenotype of thp1Δ cells is fully dependent on transcription elongation of the repeat construct. When transcription is impeded either by shutting off the promoter or by using a premature transcription terminator, hyperrecombination between repeats is abolished, providing new evidence that transcription-elongation impairment may be a source of recombinogenic substrates in mitosis. We show that Thp1p and two other proteins previously shown to control transcription-associated recombination, Hpr1p and Tho2p, act in the same “pathway” connecting transcription elongation with the incidence of mitotic recombination.

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A 160-bp Palindrome Is a Rad50·Rad32-Dependent Mitotic Recombination Hotspot inSchizosaccharomyces pombe

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/161.1.461 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 161 (1) ◽

pp. 461-468 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Joseph A Farah ◽

Edgar Hartsuiker ◽

Ken-ichi Mizuno ◽

Kunihiro Ohta ◽

Gerald R Smith

Keyword(s):

Secondary Structure ◽

Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽

Inverted Repeat ◽

Mitotic Recombination ◽

Genome Integrity ◽

Recombination Hotspot ◽

Nuclease Domain ◽

Palindromic Sequences

AbstractPalindromic sequences can form hairpin and cruciform structures that pose a threat to genome integrity. We found that a 160-bp palindrome (an inverted repeat of 80 bp) conferred a mitotic recombination hotspot relative to a control nonpalindromic sequence when inserted into the ade6 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The hotspot activity of the palindrome, but not the basal level of recombination, was abolished by a rad50 deletion, by a rad50S “separation of function” mutation, or by a rad32-D25A mutation in the nuclease domain of the Rad32 protein, an Mre11 homolog. We propose that upon extrusion of the palindrome the Rad50·Rad32 nuclease complex recognizes and cleaves the secondary structure thus formed and generates a recombinogenic break in the DNA.

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Regulation of Mitotic Homeologous Recombination in Yeast: Functions of Mismatch Repair and Nucleotide Excision Repair Genes

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/154.1.133 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 154 (1) ◽

pp. 133-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ainsley Nicholson ◽

Miyono Hendrix ◽

Sue Jinks-Robertson ◽

Gray F Crouse

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Mismatch Repair ◽

Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽

Excision Repair ◽

Mitotic Recombination ◽

Inverted Repeats ◽

Replication Errors ◽

Nucleotide Excision ◽

Homeologous Recombination ◽

Repair Genes

Abstract The Saccharomyces cerevisiae homologs of the bacterial mismatch repair proteins MutS and MutL correct replication errors and prevent recombination between homeologous (nonidentical) sequences. Previously, we demonstrated that Msh2p, Msh3p, and Pms1p regulate recombination between 91% identical inverted repeats, and here use the same substrates to show that Mlh1p and Msh6p have important antirecombination roles. In addition, substrates containing defined types of mismatches (base-base mismatches; 1-, 4-, or 12-nt insertion/deletion loops; or 18-nt palindromes) were used to examine recognition of these mismatches in mitotic recombination intermediates. Msh2p was required for recognition of all types of mismatches, whereas Msh6p recognized only base-base mismatches and 1-nt insertion/deletion loops. Msh3p was involved in recognition of the palindrome and all loops, but also had an unexpected antirecombination role when the potential heteroduplex contained only base-base mismatches. In contrast to their similar antimutator roles, Pms1p consistently inhibited recombination to a lesser degree than did Msh2p. In addition to the yeast MutS and MutL homologs, the exonuclease Exo1p and the nucleotide excision repair proteins Rad1p and Rad10p were found to have roles in inhibiting recombination between mismatched substrates.

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ALTERED FIDELITY OF MITOTIC CHROMOSOME TRANSMISSION IN CELL CYCLE MUTANTS OF S. CEREVISIAE

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/110.3.381 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 110 (3) ◽

pp. 381-395

Author(s):

Leland H Hartwell ◽

David Smith

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Gene Product ◽

Mitotic Chromosome ◽

Mitotic Recombination ◽

Chromosome Loss ◽

Temperature Sensitive ◽

Repair Pathway ◽

Dna Metabolism ◽

Temperature Sensitive Mutants ◽

Chromosome Transmission

ABSTRACT Thirteen of 14 temperature-sensitive mutants deficient in successive steps of mitotic chromosome transmission (cdc2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 20) from spindle pole body separation to a late stage of nuclear division exhibited a dramatic increase in the frequency of chromosome loss and/or mitotic recombination when they were grown at their maximum permissive temperatures. The increase in chromosome loss and/or recombination is likely to be due to the deficiency of functional gene product rather than to an aberrant function of the mutant gene product since the mutant alleles are, with one exception, recessive to the wild-type allele for this phenotype. The generality of this result suggests that a delay in almost any stage of chromosome replication or segregation leads to a decrease in the fidelity of mitotic chromosome transmission. In contrast, temperature-sensitive mutants defective in the control step of the cell cycle (cdc28), in cytokinesis (cdc3) or in protein synthesis (ils1) did not exhibit increased recombination or chromosome loss.—Based upon previous results with mutants and DNA-damaging agents in a variety of organisms, we suggest that the induction of mitotic recombination in certain mutants is due to the action of a repair pathway upon nicks or gaps left in the DNA. This interpretation is supported by the fact that the induced recombination is dependent upon the RAD52 gene product, an essential component in the recombinogenic DNA repair pathway. Gene products whose deficiency leads to induced recombination are, therefore, strong candidates for proteins that function in DNA metabolism. Among the mutants that induce recombination are those known to be defective in some aspect of DNA replication (cdc2, 6, 8, 9) as well as some mutants defective in the G2 (cdc13 and 17) and M (cdc5 and 14) phases of the mitotic cycle. We suggest that special aspects of DNA metabolism may be occurring in G2 and M in order to prepare the chromosomes for proper segregation.

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