scholarly journals Growth Intercept Methods for Predicting Site Index in White Pine Plantations in the Glaciated Areas of Ohio

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Site Index ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Growth Intercept ◽  
Annual Growth Increment

Abstract Growth intercept (GI) techniques were evaluated for estimating site quality in white pine stands planted on old-field sites in the Wisconsin-aged glaciated areas of northern and western Ohio. Correlations between growth of trees below the breast high (bh) annual growth increment andheight growth from bh and above were not statistically significant. Site index estimates were made using age at bh and height from the bh annual growth increment to the growing tip. Three-year and 5-year growth beginning 3 years above the bh annual increment and 10-year growth beginning oneinternode above bh were significantly more correlated with height than were intercepts beginning at bh. In multiple regression equations developed for predicting site index, 3-, 5- and 10-year intercepts, along with age at bh, accounted for 76, 77, and 80%, respectively, of the variationin tree heights and 35-year site indices varied from 60 to 83 ft. Combining clay content of the B2 soil horizon with GI and age increased the variation accounted for by 3-, 5-, and 10-year GI equations to 79, 78, and 81%, respectively, and the improvement in site index estimatesover those using GIs alone was not more than ±2 ft within any given GI measurement.

scholarly journals Growth and Site Index of White Pine in Relation to Soils and Topography in the Glaciated Areas of Ohio

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Clay Content ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Old Field ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Annual Increment

Abstract Multiple regression equations were developed using topographic and soil factors for predicting growth and site index of white pine growing on old-field sites in the Wisconsin-aged glaciated areas of northern and western Ohio. Correlations between height growth of trees below the breast high (bh) annual growth increment and bh and above were not statistically significant and growth and site index estimates were made using age at bh and growth from the bh annual increment to the growing tip. The best estimates of heights and site index were obtained when data were subdivided into two groups. For plots having 0–10% slopes, two regression equations were developed for predicting height growth: one containing slope shape and depth to soil mottling and the other adding percent clay in the B2 soil horizon to the equation. Those equations accounted for 67 and 73%, respectively, of the variation in heights of trees and 35-year site index ranged from 62 to 82 ft, with the best growth on convex-shaped slopes having the greatest depth to mottling and the lowest clay content. For sites having slopes greater than 10%, one equation was developed containing slope position and slope percent as variables. That equation accounted for 72% of the variation in heights of trees, and site index ranged from 71 to 81 ft, with the best growth on plots at the bottom of slopes having the lowest slope percent.

Growth Intercept Methods for Predicting Site Index in Red Pine Plantations in the Allegheny Plateau of Ohio

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Brown ◽  
Charles A. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Allegheny Plateau ◽  
Growth Intercept

Abstract Growth intercept (GI) techniques were evaluated for estimating site quality in red pine stands planted on old-field sites in the unglaciated Western and Central Allegheny Plateau regions of Ohio. Correlations between height growth of trees below breast height (BH) and height growth above BH were not statistically significant. Site index estimates were made using age at BH and height from BH to the growing tip. Three-year and 5-year growth beginning three internodes above the BH annual increment and 10-year growth beginning one internode above BH were more significantly correlated with height than were intercepts beginning at BH. In equations developed for predicting site index, 3-, 5-, and 10-year intercepts in combination with age accounted for 64 to 80% of the variation in tree heights. Combining thickness of the A soil horizon with GI and age statistically increased the variation accounted for in the 3- and 5-year GI equations; however, for field use, the improvement in accuracy was not sufficient to justify making the additional soil measurement. North. J. Appl. For. 7(1):27-30, March 1990.

Seasonal growth pattern in the lichen Pseudocyphellaria berberina in north-western Patagonia

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra S. CALDIZ
Keyword(s):  
Growth Increment ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Nothofagus Dombeyi ◽  
North Western ◽  
Annual Growth Increment

Seasonal growth increments (%) were measured in the foliose epiphytic lichen Pseudocyphellaria berberina in north-western Patagonia. Growth was determined by measuring increase in weight (expressed as percentage of the original biomass) in transplanted thalli. Transplants were either hung freely from wooden frames or attached to tree trunks in a Nothofagus dombeyi forest and then weighed every three months between January 2001 and April 2003. The influence on growth increment of treatment, donor thallus, temperature, and absolute and relative humidity was analysed. Mean annual growth increment after two years, in both treatments was 12±1·07% (±SE). Growth increment was greatest in winter and lowest in summer; the mean winter growth increment was 6±0·50%, representing half of the annual growth, whereas most of the remaining growth occurred during both spring and autumn. Growth increments were similar for freely-hanging lichens and for the transplants attached to tree trunks. Individual trees had no consistent effect on growth while the donor thallus had a significant effect in the first season which then diminished, indicating acclimation in the transplants. Initial transplant weight had no influence on final cumulative growth, nor was there any consistent correlation between one season and another in the growth of transplants. Both transplantation methods proved to be useful for experiments on the growth of P. berberina.

Site-Index Comparisons for Naturally Seeded Loblolly Pine and Shortleaf Pine

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Constance A. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Southern States ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Simple Regression

Abstract Site-index comparisons were made between loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and shortleaf pine (P. echinata Mill.) based on 190 plots in 9 southern states. The relationship between site-index values for the two species appeared to be linear, with the mean difference in site index greateston poor sites and decreasing as site quality increased. Site-index prediction equations were developed for each species using site index of the other species or using site index plus one to three additional independent variables. The simple correlation between the site indexes of the two specieswas 0.855 (r² = 0.73). Somewhat higher correlation coefficients were obtained when elevation or slope was included as a second independent variable. Simple regression equations developed separately for plots east and west of the Mississippi River did not differ statistically. Separationof the plots into two groups, however, resulted in several multiple regression equations for each geographic division; these had slightly higher correlation coefficients than the simple regression equations. South. J. Appl. For. 11(2):86-91.

Site Index of Red Pine in Relation to Soils and Topography in the Allegheny Plateau of Ohio

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
James H. Brown ◽  
Charles A. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Clay Content ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Slope Position ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Allegheny Plateau

Abstract Multiple regression equations using topographic and soil factors were developed for predicting height growth and site index for red pine planted on old-field sites in the unglaciated Western and Central Allegheny Plateau Regions of Ohio. Regression equations containing slope position and aspect combined with tree age accounted for 58% of the variation in heights of trees. Height growth increased with A soil horizon thickness, and adding that variable to equations increased the variation explained to 61%; conversely, growth decreased as clay content of the B soil horizon increased and adding that factor further increased the variation accounted for to 66%. North. J. Appl. For. 7:129-133, September 1990.

Forest understory plants as predictors of lodgepole pine and white spruce site quality in west-central Alberta

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1675-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L Strong ◽  
D. J. Pluth ◽  
G. H. La Roi ◽  
I. G. W. Corns
Keyword(s):  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Understory Species ◽  
Sources Of Error ◽  
Species Cover

The feasibility was explored of using cover estimates of a few understory species with high indicator value, rather than total species lists, to evaluate site quality for lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Loudon var. latifolia Engelm.) and white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss). Analysis of 112 vascular and 7 nonvascular understory plant species from 211 lodgepole pine and white spruce dominated forests revealed that 39 and 30 of these species had significantly different percent cover among site-index classes for stem-analyzed pine and spruce, respectively. Individual species cover values were then used in simple and multiple linear regression equations to predict the site index (at 70 years) for pine and spruce in 60–90 year and 91–160 year stand age subsets. Equations for pine based on understory species cover explained 38% of the variance in site index in younger stands and 59% in older stands; comparable maxima for spruce were 42% in younger stands and 50% in older stands. These percentages may be too low for stand-alone predictions of site index. Several possible sources of error may cause the low explained variance, including crude field estimates and seasonal variations of cover. Many of these potential sources of error could be minimized, allowing better prediction of forest site quality.

scholarly journals A Height Growth Model and Associated Growth Intercept Models for Estimating Site Index in Black Spruce (Picea mariana Mill. B.S.P.) Plantations in Northern Ontario, Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Martin M. Kwiaton ◽  
Jian R. Wang ◽  
Douglas E.B. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Growth Intercept

Abstract Site quality is a key component of growth and yield models because height growth rates are known to be influenced by available site resources. Accurate prediction of future growth and yield requires site quality information for both plantations and natural stands. The forest industry in northern Ontario relies on high-quality wood and fiber from black spruce (Picea mariana Mill. B.S.P.); therefore, these tools are essential to ensure sustainable forest management. Although there are site index (SI) models for natural-origin black spruce stands in northern Ontario, models for estimating site quality of young black spruce plantations have not been developed. We used stem analysis data collected from 62 plantations (>40 years of age) of pure black spruce across northern Ontario to develop height growth, SI, and variable growth intercept models. The distinct height growth patterns we observed may be attributed to early silvicultural treatments (site preparation and herbicide) in plantations allowing black spruce trees to attain breast height (1.3 m) faster than in fire-origin stands in northern Ontario. Our models can be used to estimate site quality of black spruce plantations, a key consideration for silviculture and forest management planning. We also compare our managed stand SI model to one we developed from a comparable subset of data from black spruce growing in unmanaged stands and propose a method to assign an SI with a common base age to pure upland black spruce stands regardless of origin.

scholarly journals A Light-Adjusted Growth Intercept Model for Predicting White Spruce Site Index

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Melanie Kalischuk ◽  
Peter V. Blenis ◽  
Lawrence M. Kawchuk
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Stand Growth ◽  
Growth Intercept

Abstract One of the challenges of managing spruce-aspen mixedwoods in the boreal forest is the difficulty in determining site index for spruce in those stands in which it occurs primarily in the understory. A study was conducted to determine if growth increment of understory spruce, adjusted for available light, could predict spruce site index. In each of nine stands, spruce site index was determined for three dominant trees. Available light (measured as proportion transmitted) and growth increment (estimated by the growth intercept method) were recorded for three to eight understory spruce per stand. Growth increment adjusted for available light predicted spruce site index better (R2 = 0.56 or 0.63, depending on the model used) than unadjusted growth increment (R2 = 0.10), thus indicating the potential for using light-adjusted growth increment to predict site index.

The difficulties of dating olive wood

Antiquity ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (339) ◽  
pp. 287-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ian Kuniholm
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Growth Increment ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Cross Dating ◽  
Annual Growth Increment

Olive wood is difficult to date for a variety of reasons, the most important of which is that one cannot tell visually what is an annual growth increment (usually referred to as a ‘ring’) and what is a sub-annual growth flush of which there may be any number in one growing season. (I have been able to count a dozen or more flushes in olive wood where the end of the growing season was somewhat more clearly marked than usual.) If one cannot determine the ring boundaries with certainty, one cannot do tree-ring dating, period. For Egyptologists reading this note, acacia is just as bad, and for the same reason. For 25 years I had a couple of sections of olive wood in my dendrochronology lab. Every term I would challenge students to tell me how many rings there were on them. No two students ever came up with the same answer and neither could I. An inspection of two different radii on the same piece also yielded widely varying results. (A side issue, not relevant here, is that the size of the ring in an olive tree does not necessarily reflect climatic conditions but rather the energies of the farmer or gardener who brings water to it. Thus olive is useless for purely dendrochronological cross-dating purposes.

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