scholarly journals Development of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) Regeneration under a Reserve Shelterwood after Intermediate Removals and Windthrow

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome A. Krueger ◽  
Eric K. Zenner ◽  
Klaus J. Puettmann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Differential Response ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Growth Analyses

Abstract We followed the growth response of naturally regenerated 12-year-old white pine for 4 years after a shelterwood removal cut in a mixed red and white pine stand having an overstory that was significantly reduced by windthrow at the beginning of our study. Postrelease overstory density was reduced to levels (4.5 m2 ha) that did not significantly influence any regeneration growth parameter while understory woody competitors taller than sample trees negatively influenced growth. Analyses revealed differential response to release based on prerelease growth rates with slower-growing trees responding fastest. Release shock persisted for the fastest prerelease growers up to 4 years after harvest.

scholarly journals Early Growth Responses of Naturally Regenerated Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus L.) to Partial Release from Juvenile Aspen and Pathological Pruning

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K. Zenner ◽  
Klaus J. Puettmann ◽  
Jerome A. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Recession Rates ◽  
Partial Release

Abstract Height, breast height diameter, and basal diameter growth responses of 7- to 12-year-old naturally regenerated eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) to partial release from juvenile (15-year-old) trembling and bigtooth aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx. and Populus grandidentata Michx.) and pathological pruning were monitored over four growing seasons. Pathological pruning is the removal of disease-infected branches before the disease can reach the stem or the removal of lower branches that are most susceptible to infection. Results indicated that seedling growth responses to release and pruning depended strongly on the height stratum to which a seedling belonged. Whereas growth rates of small white pine up to 190 cm tall were significantly reduced by increasing aspen densities and by pruning, growth rates of white pine taller than 190 cm were not significantly affected by either aspen density or pruning. Effects of pruning on small white pine were restricted to the first 2 years after release, after which growth rates were similar between pruned and unpruned individuals. This likely was due to natural crown recession of unpruned white pine, which brought crown lengths and crown ratios closer to those of pruned individuals. Besides affecting natural crown recession rates and growth of small unpruned white pines, release intensity also affected upper stratum aspen, which responded vigorously to release. Findings of this study suggest that early release from upper stratum juvenile aspen should enable the conversion of an aspen cover type to a mixture of aspen and white pine, but may have to be followed up by repeated interventions into the upper canopy stratum. It is, however, questionable if the expense of pruning to prevent blister-rust infections under a partial canopy is warranted. North. J. Appl. For. 22(1):27–34.

scholarly journals AIR-LAYERING OF EASTERN WHITE PINE (Pinus strobus L.)

1959 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Farrar ◽  
W. D. McJannet
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine

scholarly journals Dendrochronological Analyses and Whole-Tree Dissections Reveal Caliciopsis Canker (Caliciopsis pinea) Damage Associated with the Declining Growth and Climatic Stressors of Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus)

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Kara K.L. Costanza ◽  
William H. Livingston ◽  
Shawn Fraver ◽  
Isabel A. Munck
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Biological Impacts ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Whole Tree

Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) is considered a signature species in eastern North America, particularly in New England. In recent years, however, white pine has experienced increased damage due to native pathogens that reduce the species’ growth, productivity, and economic value. One disease of concern is Caliciopsis canker, caused by the fungal pathogen Caliciopsis pinea, which is associated with excessive resin production, cankers, rough bark, bark fissures/cracks, and reduced growth in white pine. Recent studies have documented the extent of Caliciopsis canker in New England and its association with soil and stocking conditions, yet few studies have focused on the biological impacts of the disease. This study used dendrochronology and whole-tree dissections to reconstruct Caliciopsis canker history in three New England white pine sites, quantify its impact on tree growth and vigor, identify pre-disposing factors, and assess potential silvicultural management options. Dendrochronology and whole-tree dissections provided a unique insight into canker damage throughout trees’ development. Canker damage was first reported in New Hampshire in the mid-1990s, yet cankers were present as far back as 1967 and have steadily increased since the mid-1980s. Increased canker damage was significantly associated with decreased live crown ratios and declining tree growth. Trees maintaining a 30% live crown ratio or greater generally experienced the least canker damage. Furthermore, peaks in canker occurrence were consistent across sites, indicating a regional synchronization of infection and damage. Canker damage was closely associated with climatic events such as droughts and a New England hurricane. The results suggest that Caliciopsis canker has been affecting white pine health over the last 40 years, and that the disease has become more prevalent in the past 20–30 years. Yet, our results suggest that if silvicultural prescriptions target low density thinnings that favor trees with higher live crown ratios (>30%) and low Caliciopsis symptom severity ratings, the risk of canker damage can be reduced in white pine stands.

Winter Leaf Conductance Rates of Pinus Strobus L. (Eastern White Pine)

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-482
Author(s):  
Delphis F. Levia ◽  
Lydia A. Leclair
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Leaf Conductance ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine

Breeding eastern white pine for blister rust resistance: A review of progress in Ontario

2009 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengxin Lu ◽  
Darren Derbowka
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Major Resistance Genes

White pine blister rust (caused by Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch.) is a primary cause of poor survival and growth of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) and has contributed to the species’ decline across its range. Genetic resistance to C. ribicola is generally weak in eastern white pine, possibly owing to the absence of meaningful resistance alleles. Integrating major resistance genes from Eurasian 5-needle pine species to P. strobus has been demonstrated to be effective through traditional plant breeding approaches. This paper provides a review of progress after more than half a century of breeding and testing in Ontario. Key words: Pinus strobus, white pine blister rust, genetic resistance, interspecific hybridization

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