scholarly journals German Politics and Government

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise K. Davidson-Schmich
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Prior History ◽  
German Politics ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Social Market

Due to Germany’s prior history of foreign aggression, its important role in the contemporary global economy, and its unique social market economy, the post–World War II German political system has been widely studied by both German- and English-speaking scholars. This article begins by outlining some general overviews of German politics and history as well as textbooks and academic journals covering the subject. It also includes links to leading German-language news sources. It then turns its attention to German political institutions and depicts treatments of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government followed by studies of multilevel governance at the European, state, and local levels. The subsequent section delves into the important role played by political parties in Germany; this section also explores treatments of individual parties. Then the bibliography covers the German electoral system, voting behavior, and specific national elections. It then covers scholarly treatments of the political elites. The discussion then turns away from formal political institutions and leaders toward the societal influences on them. This portion of the article begins by examining literature on political culture, immigration, and social movements in Germany. The final portion of the bibliography focuses on interest groups and policy making in a number of areas, including economic and foreign policy.

Embedding Liberalism

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-78
Author(s):  
Julian Germann
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Market ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Prime Objective ◽  
Social Market

This chapter traces the long-term development of German capitalism from the vantage point of uneven and combined development. It argues that Germany’s postwar social market economy was built upon an externally oriented developmental model inherited from its belated insertion into the world market, and used to enroll capital and labor in a global export offensive. The underlying vision of Germany as the workshop of an advanced industrial and newly industrializing world coincided with the postwar plans of the United States for an open, multilateral global economy. And yet the chapter cautions that the prevailing image of Germany as a liberal “trading state” (Handelsstaat) that had traded power for wealth as its prime objective fails to capture the novel ways in which the German state, from the crisis of the 1970s onward, has come to exert its influence internationally to sustain this export-led social model.

scholarly journals Economic policy supporting social well-being. Remarks on the margin of Ludwig Erhard’s book “Prosperity for All”

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Marcin Łuszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
World War ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Market ◽  
Original Concept

The purpose of the article is to present the achievements of Ludwig Erhard in the field of economic policy and his vision of social well-being. Immediately after World War II, Erhard was the main author of Germany’s economic policy. Based on the principles of ordoliberalism, the social market economy became the source of economic success. Under the Constitution, also in Poland the social market economy forms the basis of the economic system. However, it turns out that the actions taken differ significantly from Erhard’s original concept, and sometimes even close to the model of the socialist economic order. The state’s interference in market processes is growing, ad hoc decisions are more and more often made, calculated more to improve the current situation than to ensure lasting prosperity.

scholarly journals Ordolieral Roots of Ecological Market Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-129
Author(s):  
Martin Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ecological Development ◽  
Western Germany ◽  
Social Market

AbstractWestern Germany introduced the model of a Social Market Economy after World War II. This model has become an example of socio-economic reforms for many European countries. In the initial phase of the development of the new socio-economic policy concept, the postulate of "prosperity for all" was especially appealing as it considers economic policy and social policy as a whole. In subsequent years of development, particularly at the end of the twentieth century, the model of a Social Market Economy has become a source of foundation for creating new concepts and ideas that would include more aspects of responsible and sustainable development combined with proper care for resources and the natural environment. In the view of this, the aim of this paper is to attempt to answer the question of to what extent the Social Market Economy model can lay the foundation for sustainable, responsible and ecological development. In order to be able to answer such a research question, the author based his reasoning and analyses on the theory of ordoliberalism and the following research methods: factual analysis, comparative analysis and analysis of selected publications. The main findings of the research are that the concept of Social Market Economy contains numerous elements that can foster the implementation of the sustainable, responsible and ecological development of countries and societies.

Ordoliberalism, the Social-Market Economy, and Keynesianism in Germany, 1945–1974

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
German Economy ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
West German Economy ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Market

The chapter deals with the development of the welfare state in the first three decades after World War II, in which the West German economy ran through a remarkable catching-up process. Economic policy in the new Federal Republic of Germany in that period was decisively shaped and influenced by the ordoliberal ideas of Walter Eucken and the Freiburg school and the principles of the social-market economy. Whereas Keynesianism of the Hicks-Samuelson neoclassical synthesis had already evolved into the dominant view in the academic sphere during the 1950s, it took until the 1966–67 recession for Keynesianism to find a late (and short) entry into German economic policy with the entry of the Social Democrats into government and their charismatic minister of economics, Karl Schiller.

Germany’s Christian Democrats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
European Community ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Charismatic Leadership ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Angela Merkel ◽  
Christian Social Union ◽  
Post War ◽  
Social Market

The German Christian Democratic Party (CDU) and its sister party, the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU), known collectively as the Union, were founded in the immediate aftermath of World War II as anti-materialist Christian responses to the atrocities of the war and as buffers to encroaching Communism and Fascism. The first Volkspartei, the CDU has served as a “catch-all” party since its inception, prioritizing its inter-confessional appeal to a diverse group of both Protestant and Catholic voters throughout Germany over ideology. Over seven decades, the CDU/CSU has enjoyed enormous success, by broadly adhering to core elements of a Christian understanding of self, promotion of a social market economy, focus on family, and a Western-focused European community. The CDU presided over the first post-war German government under long-serving Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, German reunification in 1990 under Chancellor Helmut Kohl, and European stability in the face of a refugee crisis under Chancellor Angela Merkel. The CDU has evolved from a chancellor’s party centered around charismatic leadership and antipathy to Ostpolitik, to the most successful German Volkspartei and a staunch bulwark of the European community.

scholarly journals Czy Europa potrzebuje zmiany doktryny ekonomicznej?

2018 ◽  
pp. 181-199
Author(s):  
Marta Balcerek
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
German Society ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
World War ◽  
Legal Power ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intermediate Solution ◽  
Social Market

After World War II the Federal Republic of Germany was forced to decide about its economic system, choosing between liberalism and collectivism. However, neither of the two systems was suitable for German society, so German legal power sought an intermediate solution, a doctrine which would be located halfway on a scale between the two above-mentioned extremes. The resulting solution was the ordoliberal concept of the social market economy, a new economic doctrine implemented by Ludwig Erhard, Economics Minister, later elected Chancellor. The social market economy has since grown in importance, as it was adopted by The European Coal and Steel Community in 1951, and by The European Economic Community in 1957, finally becoming the leading economic doctrine in Europe.

scholarly journals State Intervention versus Private Initiative: New Challenges for the German Social Market Economy. Any Implications for Pakistan?

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (4II) ◽  
pp. 667-680
Author(s):  
Wolfgang-Peter Zingel
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Free Market ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
Social Market ◽  
The Third World

There is a never ending discussion, whether economies of different development levels and cultural and social backgrounds can be compared or not. The protagonists of the modernisation theory - and of many other development theories - believe, that development is a uni-dimensional process, where the late-comers have to follow the same path, which the more advanced already went. Their opponents believe that each economy and each society have their distinct features and have to fmd and follow their own development patterns. Germany was a late-comer in industrialisation and suffered serious setbacks later. Its "miracle" reconstruction after World War II has made it prosperous; its economic order may help in mastering the unprecedented challenges set by the Unification and integration of the former East German "Socialist": command economy. Our economic order, however, is not as "free market" oriented, as many believe. With the present shift to more market orientation in the former Second and the Third World, it, therefore, should be worthwhile, to have a closer look at the German "social market economy". This especially applies to Pakistan, with its long tradition of "mixed economy", "welfare state", "Islamic socialism" and "Islamic welfare state".

Beyond Reno II: Who caresfor vulnerable gamblers?

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 325-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Bühringer ◽  
Roxana Kotter ◽  
Robert Czernecka ◽  
Anja Kräplin
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Informed Choice ◽  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
World War ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Social Market ◽  
Knowledge Deficits

Abstract. Background: Mill’s liberalism, the post-World War II German Social Market Economy (Rhine Capitalism) and modern consumer protection share the conviction that market participants have equal rights and responsibilities. Within this framework, governments and market providers are responsible for balancing the knowledge deficits of consumers in cases of “asymmetric information”. The widely discussed Reno Model for Responsible Gambling appears to be based on similar ideas by setting standards for informing participants of gambling features and procedures. Position: Based on recent research, we argue that such standard consumer protection may be adequate for social gamblers but not for vulnerable gamblers. These individuals may not benefit adequately from a rational informed choice approach to prevent harm and disordered gambling. Conclusion: Gambling providers should implement specific protections to address vulnerable gamblers, e. g., early detection procedures and limits for or exclusion from gambling.

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