The Climate Security Nexus

Geography ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Snorek ◽  
Daniel Abrahams
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Nobel Committee ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Change Mitigation

The progression of climate change impacts in the age of the Anthropocene will have dire consequences for our planet; yet, will it also bring about greater violence and conflict? The linking of climate change to violent conflict or the climate-security nexus (C-S nexus) was popularized in 2003 with the release of two security strategies from the Pentagon and the European Council. This idea gained momentum when, in 2007, the Nobel committee awarded the Nobel Peace Prize to Al Gore and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for their work at raising the world’s awareness of anthropogenic climate change. Scientists contributing to this dialogue took reference to the literature and theories of the environmental security debate, and much scholarship has ensued since. Although most empirical work has found no causal link between climate change and violent conflict, several quantitative studies have shown otherwise. A large majority of literature, however, focuses on the conditionalities of climate change on broader elements of human security and finds the proposed relationships to be neo-Malthusian and environmentally deterministic. The strength of this critique has resulted in wide disagreement of the validity of the C-S nexus—from those who recognize it as an important way to promote climate change mitigation to those that warn that such discourses serve an agenda for greater hegemony and militarized control of the Global South. These arguments, as well as their potential for policy response, are highlighted in this article through a body of literature that explains both how and why the C-S nexus is being discussed and the consequences to this and other securitization debates.

scholarly journals Post-2020 biodiversity targets need to embrace climate change

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (49) ◽  
pp. 30882-30891
Author(s):  
Almut Arneth ◽  
Yunne-Jai Shin ◽  
Paul Leadley ◽  
Carlo Rondinini ◽  
Elena Bukvareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Change Mitigation

Recent assessment reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) have highlighted the risks to humanity arising from the unsustainable use of natural resources. Thus far, land, freshwater, and ocean exploitation have been the chief causes of biodiversity loss. Climate change is projected to be a rapidly increasing additional driver for biodiversity loss. Since climate change and biodiversity loss impact human societies everywhere, bold solutions are required that integrate environmental and societal objectives. As yet, most existing international biodiversity targets have overlooked climate change impacts. At the same time, climate change mitigation measures themselves may harm biodiversity directly. The Convention on Biological Diversity’s post-2020 framework offers the important opportunity to address the interactions between climate change and biodiversity and revise biodiversity targets accordingly by better aligning these with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals. We identify the considerable number of existing and proposed post-2020 biodiversity targets that risk being severely compromised due to climate change, even if other barriers to their achievement were removed. Our analysis suggests that the next set of biodiversity targets explicitly addresses climate change-related risks since many aspirational goals will not be feasible under even lower-end projections of future warming. Adopting more flexible and dynamic approaches to conservation, rather than static goals, would allow us to respond flexibly to changes in habitats, genetic resources, species composition, and ecosystem functioning and leverage biodiversity’s capacity to contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation.

scholarly journals The place of a socio-cultural environment in climate change discourse

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Recha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Change Mitigation

The significance of climate change is reflected in global level efforts such as Conference of Parties and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reporting. The global level platform develops consensus on evidences and pathways to climate change mitigation and adaptation. Unfortunately, these efforts often lack social-cultural dynamics to climate change. This study adopted a desktop survey to establish the place of socio-cultural dynamics in climate change discourse. In this study, it is argued that socio-economic security and attributes, cultural-orientation and inter-group dimensions are key determinants to implementation of climate change programmes. To successfully design and implement climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies, first address socioeconomic securities of communities, bring on board sub-national considerations and package climate change impacts as a threat to nationalism.

Gender, Forests and Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Marcos Morezuelas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Payment Schemes ◽  
Gender Lens ◽  
Change Mitigation

As users of forest products and guardians of traditional knowledge, women have always been involved in forestry. Nevertheless, their access to forest resources and benefits and participation in forest management is limited compared to mens despite the fact that trees are more important to women, who depend on them for their families food security, income generation and cooking fuel. This guide aims to facilitate the incorporation of a gender lens in climate change mitigation and adaptation operations in forests, with special attention to those framed in REDD. This guide addresses four themes value chains, environmental payment schemes, firewood and biodiversity that relate directly to 1) how climate change impacts affect women in the forest and 2) how mitigation and adaptation measures affect womens access to resources and benefits distribution.

Looking broadly and deeply into perspectives of local climate change impacts among visitors to Missouri state parks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lisa Groshong
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Place Attachment ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
State Parks ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Local Climate Change ◽  
Change Mitigation

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Missouri's outdoor recreation resources provide numerous mental, physical, and social values to millions of people each year and serve as a major contributor to the statewide economy. However, climate change threatens these benefits. This project sought to explore climate change perceptions and place attachment of outdoor enthusiasts in Missouri as a step toward managing natural and cultural resources for ongoing climate resilience. This study used interviews and a statewide visitor survey to measure climate change impacts on visitors to Missouri's state parks and historic sites. The dissertation is formatted in three manuscripts. The first manuscript assessed how engaged state park users perceive climate change impacts and what they view as the agency role in climate change mitigation, education, and communication. The second manuscript identified health concerns related to climate change and examined how these concerns affect park use. The final manuscript examined the role of place attachment in determining visitors' willingness to engage in climate friendly behavior and support for management action to minimize climate-change impacts. Overall findings suggested climate-change related management challenges and provided evidence for visitor support for education and action. Opportunities were identified for state park managers to take action toward locally-oriented climate change mitigation, education and communication. Place attachment dimensions were affirmed as tools for engaging visitors in climate-related actions, both in and beyond park settings.

scholarly journals Impacts of global climate change mitigation scenarios on forests and harvesting in Sweden

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1427-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva-Maria Nordström ◽  
Nicklas Forsell ◽  
Anders Lundström ◽  
Anu Korosuo ◽  
Johan Bergh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
National Level ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Supply Potential ◽  
Change Mitigation

Under climate change, the importance of biomass resources is likely to increase and new approaches are needed to analyze future material and energy use of biomass globally and locally. Using Sweden as an example, we present an approach that combines global and national land-use and forest models to analyze impacts of climate change mitigation ambitions on forest management and harvesting in a specific country. National forest impact analyses in Sweden have traditionally focused on supply potential with little reference to international market developments. In this study, we use the global greenhouse gas concentration scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change to estimate global biomass demand and assess potential implications on harvesting and biodiversity in Sweden. The results show that the short-term demand for wood is close to the full harvesting potential in Sweden in all scenarios. Under high bioenergy demand, harvest levels are projected to stay high over a longer time and particularly impact the harvest levels of pulpwood. The area of old forest in the managed landscape may decrease. This study highlights the importance of global scenarios when discussing national-level analysis and pinpoints trade-offs that policy making in Sweden may need to tackle in the near future.

What can cities do to increase resilience?

2007 ◽  
Vol 365 (1860) ◽  
pp. 2731-2739 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Crichton
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Change Mitigation

This paper examines climate change mitigation and adaptation from an insurance industry perspective, with particular reference to London and the USA. It illustrates how British insurers are increasingly shaping public policy and using new technology to manage the risks from climate change impacts and makes a plea for society to make more use of insurance expertise in future decision making. In particular, more dialogue is needed between architects, planners and insurers to adapt our buildings and cities for climate change impacts. The paper is an abbreviated and updated version of the paper presented by the author in Houston, Texas, in 2005.

Motivating cocoa farmers to adopt agroforestry practices for mitigating climate change

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kayode Arimi ◽  
Ayodeji Omoare
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Carbon Markets ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Natural Solution ◽  
Cocoa Farmers ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Agroforestry Practices

Abstract With the adverse effects of climate change becoming more prominent, more effective strategies for reducing the increase in atmospheric CO2 levels are required for mitigating further climate change. Increasing use of renewable energy by farmers motivated to practice agroforestry is one natural solution for reducing those climate change impacts. Unfortunately, climate change mitigation through agroforestry has been inhibited by a lack of scientific validation. In this paper, we ascertain factors that motivate African cocoa farmers to use agroforestry practices for enhancing food production as well as for mitigating climate change. We analyzed data collected from 120 farmers from the Oyo state of Nigeria through descriptive and regression analysis statistical tools. We found that access to information (β = 0.23, t = 2.18) and extension service (β = 0.23, t = 2.27) was associated with greater willingness of farmers to participate in agroforestry whereas negative attitudes (β = −0.29, t = −3.21) were associated with a lower involvement of cocoa farmers in agroforestry practices. We conclude that effective climate change mitigation programs need to do more to motivate farmers to adopt agroforestry practices by increasing their understanding of the benefits to be derived from carbon markets and by providing them with the necessary tools for employing these practices for climate change mitigation and more sustainable food production.

Review on the Latest Conclusions of Working Group III Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550005
Author(s):  
Sha FU ◽  
Ji ZOU ◽  
Xiaohua ZHANG ◽  
Yue QI
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Assessment Report ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
International Policies ◽  
Research Working Group ◽  
Change Mitigation

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) issued its latest research Working Group III Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report (WGIII AR5) on April 2014. This report is designated to provide approaches to limit temperature rise below 2°C based upon reviews of latest literatures in this terrain. It offers comprehensive review on principles and conceptual frameworks of climate change mitigation, trends in stocks and flows of greenhouse gases and their drivers, mitigation targets and pathways, sectoral reduction potential and costs, international institutions on climate change mitigation, national and sub-national policies, climate finance, and other related issues. The report, contributed by WGIII, systematically analyzes these questions and assesses principals, framework problems, historic trajectories, future emission budgets and pathways, sectoral reduction targets and feasibilities, and national, sub-national, and international policies, and finance demands upon which to achieve the target to limit temperature rise within 2°C. These contents make the report a critical venue of international society to vie for political influences through social sciences, natural sciences, and other disciplines. This paper provides preliminary analysis upon main conclusions of the report and their policy interpretations, in order to deliver better technical support for climate negotiations in next stage and advancing relevant domestic works.

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