scholarly journals Technology Transfer in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas B. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Past History ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Multifaceted Approach ◽  
Technology Absorption ◽  
Institutional Landscape ◽  
China’S Economy

The issues surrounding China’s technology transfer as a social phenomenon have changed just as radically as China’s economy has over the course of the four decades of the reform era. Not surprisingly, the concerns of the literature on technology transfer have transformed as well in order to try to keep pace with the dramatic changes in China’s economy. For this very reason, this bibliography will place a priority on the more recent scholarship, generally published in this century, because the scholarship on China’s technology transfer, and on its economy in general, has had a nasty habit of becoming quickly outdated. The bibliography also takes a wide lens on the issue of technology transfer, because one continuity across the decades of reform has been the persistence of the problem of technology absorption and assimilation, related to the weak capabilities of certain firms in China, and this problem and the concomitant weak capabilities of a substantial portion of Chinese firms over time can only be fully articulated by expanding beyond firm-level characteristics and motivations to encompass China’s institutions, politics, and past history. Such a multifaceted approach is required not only due to China’s own particular trajectory and institutions, but also because scholars have begun to recognize how various aspects of globalization, such as global value chains and networks of returnees, interact with domestic institutions to create a widely uneven institutional landscape for social phenomena, including technology transfer.

Examining systematic technological learning of Syrian textile industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-142
Author(s):  
Sepehr Ghazinoory ◽  
Ammar Ali Ali ◽  
AliReza Hassanzadeh ◽  
Mehdi Majidpour
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Incremental Innovation ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Technological Learning

PurposeBecause of importance of technological learning for less developed countries, the notion has received increasing attention of scholars. The purpose of this paper is to investigate technological learning systematically by assessing the effect of technology transfer actors on technological learning in less developed countries context.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents assessment model by adopting technological learning concept based on technology absorption and incremental innovation at firm level and identifying key roles of technology transfer actors (State – Scientific and technological infrastructure – Industry) that affect technological learning. The paper follows survey as research methodology. Thus, a questionnaire was addressed to 33 Syrian textile factories to examine the assessment model. Simple linear, multiple linear and ordinal regression analyses are preformed to examine relationships of model components.FindingsThe regression models show notable ability of technology transfer actors to explain technological behavior of firms to accumulate operative capability and consequently to generate passive incremental innovation. The findings indicate passive technical change system of Syrian textile industry. Therefore, goal-oriented evaluation of actual technology policy is preliminary step for achieving improvements, as well as activating scientific and technological infrastructure role by enabling strong relationships with industry and supporting interactions of domestic firms of textile industry and with foreign players.Originality/valueThe paper enriches technological learning literature by proposing systematic approach that sets the nature of technical change process of less developed countries in core of analysis. Moreover, it provides a guide for technological learning practices at firm level and for policymakers based on assessing actual status of Syrian textile industry.

scholarly journals Technology Transfer, Development, Deployment and Productivity Performance in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-128
Author(s):  
Irfan Ali ◽  
Zafar Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Foreign Technology ◽  
Know How ◽  
Technology Deployment ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Technology Absorption

Productivity (TFP) performance is not only influenced by the direct effects of human capital, R&D (technology development)), embodied and disembodied forms of technology transfer and know-how through capital imports, FDI and use of foreign IPRs (technology transfer activities), but importantly is indirectly affected by compo-nents like the interactive effects of machinery and equipment imports, royalties and licenses fee payments, FDI, human capital and technology deployment. In this context, we analyzed internal technology building capabilities, trade-related technology transf-er activities and foreign technology absorption capabilities. The ARDL technique demonstrates that stable long-run association exists amongst all the chosen variables. The results indicate that investment in human capital boost the TFP, in addition expenditures on R&D, imports of machinery are crucial determinants of TFP growth. Surprisingly, FDI appears with a negative sign but the indirect effect of FDI through its interaction with human capital is positive. This indicates that FDI in the presence of human capital plays a favourable role in enhancing TFP. Moreover, the imports of machinery directly and indirectly, in association with both human capital and R&D, increase the growth of TFP. These findings provide evidence that internal technology building capabilities enhances the TFP growth significantly; while, embodied form of technology transfer has a positive and significant impact on the growth of TFP; whereas, disembodied technology transfer exerts positive but statistically insignificant impact on TFP growth. Furthermore, the study lends support for the existence of strong foreign technology absorption capabilities.

scholarly journals Financial Constraints, Corporate Savings and Labor Income Share—Based on China’s Economic Transition

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Jing Ma ◽  
Qiuyun Zhao ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Hao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Labor Income ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Income Share ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Savings Rate ◽  
China’S Economy

What causes are responsible for China’s declining labor income share? We investigate this phenomenon in depth from the standpoint of financial constraints. By summarizing the stylized facts of China’s economy, this paper demonstrates that as China’s economy transforms, the financial market’s imperfections lead to more efficient (non-state-owned) enterprises inclined to use corporate savings for the purpose of “crowding out” workers’ remuneration for endogenous financing, resulting in a rising savings rate and a declining share of labor income. On this foundation, we construct a more general theoretical model regarding China’s economic transformation, propose research propositions, and conduct an empirical study utilizing the Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database from 1999 to 2007. The findings show a strong negative relationship between the financial market imperfections and the labor income share, with a 1% increase in financial constraints reducing labor income share by 0.051%. The rise in savings as a result of the financial restrictions works as a mediator variable in this process. Furthermore, our prediction for the path of the labor income share suggests that China’s savings rate would decline after reaching its peak, while the labor income share will bottom out and rebound by the end of the country’s economic transition. This study uses firm-level micro-data to reveal the internal mechanism of financial constraints lowering labor income share, which is a useful supplement to the existing literature. It also provides empirical evidence and policy options for developing countries to reform their financial systems and increase labor income share in the pursuit of sustainable development.

International Trade and Investment Behaviour of Firms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murali Patibandla
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
Investment Behaviour

During last four decades the world has been significantly impacted by globalization and rapid technological changes. This in turn had major effects on the global economy. Several developing and socialist economies that earlier followed closed door and import substitution policies started to open their economies to world trade and investments. Some such countries, as India, managed to achieve a degree of economic prosperity over the last few years after opening their economy. The analyses in this book show that there are significant benefits from international trade and investment to emerging economies that possess critical-level initial conditions in technology, infrastructure, and ease of doing business, and have friendly policies. Focusing on Indian firms, the book spans the period from the pre-reform era to the post-reform era, when the market was responding to policy reforms and global market dynamics. It analyses firm-level behaviour with systematic theory and corresponding rigorous econometrics and qualitative information from field study across the country. In the Pre-reforms era, it was mostly small and medium scale firms that contributed to exports while most large firms were inward oriented in search of monopoly profits. This changed significant in the Post-reform era owing increased competitive conditions especially multinational firms. Large firms started to play important role in international trade and investment behaviour by acquiring world class technology and organizational practices.

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