scholarly journals Disseminated Leishmaniasis by Leishmania viannia Subgenus: A Series of 18 Cases in Southeastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Vernal ◽  
Natalia A. De Paula ◽  
Ciro M. Gomes ◽  
Ana Maria Roselino
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Type ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background.  Disseminated leishmaniasis (DL) is an emerging clinical form of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) that occurs mainly in Northeastern Brazil. This study describes 18 cases where DL has not yet been reported. Methods.  Disseminated leishmaniasis cases were extracted from ATL recorded cases between 1987 and March 2015. Disseminated leishmaniasis identification was based on ≥10 mixed-type lesions, located in ≥2 body parts. Results.  Eighteen (5.4%) patients were identified as DL. Polymerase chain reaction followed by enzymatic digestion confirmed Leishmania viannia subgenus in 17 patients; amastigotes forms were identified in another one. Conclusions.  Considering that DL diagnosis and management is challenging, clinicians must be aware of this emerging clinical form of the disease.

scholarly journals Polymerase chain reaction with lesion scrapping for the diagnosis of human American tegumentary leishmaniasis

2006 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eneide Aparecida Sabaini Venazzi ◽  
Andréa Claudia Bekner Silva Roberto ◽  
Ione Parra Barbosa-Tessmann ◽  
Paulo Donizeti Zanzarini ◽  
Maria Valdrinez Campana Lonardoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals PCR in the investigation of canine American tegumentary leishmaniasis in northwestern Paraná State, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Garcia Velasquez ◽  
Norberto Membrive ◽  
Umberto Membrive ◽  
Gesse Rodrigues ◽  
Nélio Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Positive Results

American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) was studied in 143 dogs in a rural area in the county of Mariluz, northwestern Paraná State, Brazil, using direct parasite search, indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty-nine dogs (27.3%) presented lesions suggestive of the disease, 5 (12.8%) of which were positive in direct parasite search and PCR (lesion), and of these 5, 4 were also positive by IIF. Of the 34 dogs with negative direct parasite search, 12 (35.3%) had PCR- positive lesions, and of these, 5 were also IIF-positive. One hundred and four dogs had no lesions, but 17/101 (16.8%) were IIF-positive. PCR in blood was positive in 10/38 (26.3%) of the dogs with lesions and in 16/104 (15.4%) of dogs without lesions. The association between PCR (lesion or blood), direct parasite search, and IIF detected 24/39 (61.5%) positive results among symptomatic dogs and 31/104 (29.8%) among asymptomatic animals. PCR was useful for diagnosing ATL, but there was no correlation between lesions, serology, and plasma PCR. Furthermore, detection of parasite DNA in the blood may indicate hematogenous parasite dissemination.

scholarly journals Use of the polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of American tegumentary leishmaniasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thales Augusto Barçante ◽  
Marcos Vilela de Souza ◽  
Allana Cristina Baltazar Fernandes ◽  
Joziana Muniz de Paiva Barçante
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Immune-Diagnostic Tools with Polymerase Chain Reaction in Sub-Clinical Leishmaniasis Isolates

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazar M Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Clinical Form ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Leishmanin Skin Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objective: This study aimed to identify cases of leishmaniasis in the Nuba Mountain area, which is situated in a unique geographical site located in the centre of Sudanese leishmania belt. Wide range of investigations are available for detection of leishmania cases, but still the most reliable and easy test used as screening and epidemiological tool in field studies needs to be evaluated. The most commonly used conventional diagnostic methods direct microscopy and culture have some drawbacks in diagnosing subclinical cases of leishmaniasis. Materials and methods: In this study, comparative properties of various immune-diagnostic tools with Polymerase Chain Reaction used in sub-clinical leishmaniasis isolates were explored. The immune-diagnostic tools involved in this study include- Leishmanin Skin Test (LST), Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Direct Agglutination Test (DAT). The study was conducted in the Green Valley village (Rashad Province, South Kordofan State) with a population of 332. Most of the villagers presented with sub-clinical form of leishmaniasis with minor symptoms and signs without the features found in clinical form of visceral leishmaniasis such as fever, diarrhoea, epistaxis, enlarged lymph nodes, spleen and liver. In this study we collected demographic, clinical and epidemiological data using special questionnaire. Leishmanin skin test (LST), ELISA, DAT and PCR for parasite DNA detection were used. Result: The final positive cases detected by PCR were 32 out of 332 belong to L. donovani species. The final positive cases detected by LST were 51.2% of the total population under study, while 11 out of the 37 tested samples were positive by ELISA. All of the 332 villagers showed negative readings by DAT with exception of three individuals who were positive with very high titers. Conclusion: DNA etxtraction and amplification with primers can be a good screening tool in subclinical leishmaniasis isolates. Keyword: Sub-clinical; Leishmaniasis; Leishmanin Skin Test; ELISA; DAT; PCR. DOI: 10.3329/jom.v12i1.5422J Medicine 2011; 12 : 34-39

DETERMINATION OF THE PREVALENCE OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA AND E. DISPAR IN THE PERNAMBUCO STATE OF NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL BY A POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANDRA M. B. PINHEIRO ◽  
LUIZ B. CARVALHO ◽  
IVANISE S. ACA ◽  
MARCOS A. MORAIS ◽  
MARIA R. M. COIMBRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals The Demographic Risk Factors for Brucellosis in Asia

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Sumi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
One Health ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
True Prevalence ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The One

Brucellosis is also known as Undulant fever, Malta fever, rock fever, intermittent fever, Gibraltar fever, contagious abortion, Maltese fever, Crimean fever, or even Mediterranean fever. Clinical manifestations commonly encountered are fever and arthralgia. It has veterinary importance making it the leading cause of abortion and infertility in animals. Countries in which mixed agriculture is still the leading occupation have reported this disease in high number. The disease is common in areas where the mixed type of farming is still practiced, it is a type of farming where owners cohabit with their animals in the shed during the nighttime. The incidence of the disease is reported more in humans who have direct contact with the animal’s abortus fetus and reproductive secretions. A favorable environment is created for transmission when the healthy and infected animals are kept together free and are difficult to segregate. Diagnosis of the disease is done by isolation of the bacteria from the sample using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The disease was claimed to be eradicated but now as the global trend of infectious diseases is constantly changing it now appears to be a re-emergent disease. The best way to prevent the spread of the infection is through the One Health approach. Although brucellosis has been widely reported in animals and humans only a few studies have addressed the true prevalence of the disease in the context of Asia which is quite a challenge. It is unable to provide the true context of the disease. The case burden is more prevalent in the developing countries where it is found to be endemic in animals as well as in humans. Thus, this paper highlights the risk factors commonly found in Asian countries that are associated with increased prevalence of infection in humans which has now been believed to be involved many generations across the globe. Countries in which mixed agriculture is still the leading occupation have reported this disease in high number. The disease is common in areas where the mixed type of farming is still practiced, it is a type of farming where owners cohabit with their animals in the shed during the nighttime. The incidence of the disease is reported more in humans who have direct contact with the animal’s abortus fetus and reproductive secretions. A favorable environment is created for transmission when the healthy and infected animals are kept together free and are difficult to segregate. Diagnosis of the disease is done by isolation of the bacteria from the sample using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The disease was claimed to be eradicated but now as the global trend of infectious diseases is constantly changing it appears to be a re-emergent disease. The best way to prevent the spread of the infection is through the One Health approach. Although brucellosis has been widely reported in animals and humans only a few studies have addressed the true prevalence of the disease in the context of Asia which is quite a challenge. It is unable to provide the true context of the disease. The case burden is more prevalent in the developing countries where it is found to be endemic in animals as well as in humans. Thus, this paper highlights the risk factors commonly found in Asian countries that are associated with increased prevalence of infection in humans which has now been believed to be involved many generations across the globe.

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