scholarly journals Increase in Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease and Emergence of Mucoid Strains in a Pediatric Population: February–June 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorne W Walker ◽  
Lindsay Montoya ◽  
Sopio Chochua ◽  
Bernard Beall ◽  
Michael Green
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

Abstract Background Infection with group A Streptococcus (GAS) can cause severe systemic and locally invasive disease. Invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) disease incidence varies both seasonally and year-to-year, and it may exhibit clustered outbreaks. We observed an upswing in iGAS cases at a tertiary care Children’s Hospital, prompting further characterization of local iGAS disease. Methods Cases of iGAS disease were abstracted from the medical record by manual chart review of all positive screening tests and cultures for GAS over a 4-year span. Incidence rates per 1000 hospital admissions and per 100 positive GAS tests were calculated and compared. Selected isolates were further characterized by whole-genome sequencing. Results Significant year-to-year differences in per-admission iGAS incidence rate were observed in February and June, although per-positive test incidence rates were not significantly different. Whole-genome sequencing revealed 2 dominant serotypes—emm3 and emm6—with high rates of mucoid phenotype and systemic bacteremia. Conclusions We document a significant but transient increase in iGAS disease incidence in 2 months of 2017. Genome sequencing revealed 2 dominant serotypes associated with mucoid phenotypes and severe disease, highlighting the dynamic nature of iGAS disease pattern.

scholarly journals Whole-genome sequencing in the investigation of recurrent invasive group A streptococcus outbreaks in a maternity unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Dickinson ◽  
M. Reacher ◽  
B. Nazareth ◽  
H. Eagle ◽  
D. Fowler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Maternity Unit ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals Application of Whole-Genome Sequencing to an Unusual Outbreak of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Galloway-Peña ◽  
Meredith E. Clement ◽  
Batu K. Sharma Kuinkel ◽  
Felicia Ruffin ◽  
Anthony R. Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Whole Genome Analysis ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Streptococcal Disease ◽  
Group A ◽  
Genome Analyses

Abstract Whole-genome analysis was applied to investigate atypical point-source transmission of 2 invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections. Isolates were serotype M4, ST39, and genetically indistinguishable. Comparison with MGAS10750 revealed nonsynonymous polymorphisms in ropB and increased speB transcription. This study demonstrates the usefulness of whole-genome analyses for GAS outbreaks.

scholarly journals A Protracted Outbreak of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infection at a UK Long-Term Facility Investigated Using Whole Genome Sequencing

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Gossain ◽  
Vicki Chalker ◽  
Georgia Kapatai ◽  
Juliana Coelho ◽  
Huda Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals Severe emm89 Group A Streptococcal Disease Characterized by Toxic Shock and Endocarditis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Morouge Alramadhan ◽  
Gloria P. Heresi ◽  
Anthony R. Flores
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Invasive Group ◽  
Streptococcal Disease ◽  
Group A ◽  
Common Infections

Invasive group A Streptococcus infections are associated with diverse presentations. We report a severe, rare case of GAS infection with dissemination including endocarditis and STSS. While whole genome sequencing of blood and pharyngeal isolates did not reveal any unique features attributable to the severe presentation, our approach serves as a template for investigation of severe manifestations of common infections.

scholarly journals 531. Practical and Evidence-Based Considerations for Implementation of Bacterial Whole-Genome Sequencing Within Longitudinal Infection Control Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S255-S255
Author(s):  
Donald S Chen ◽  
Moira Quinn ◽  
Rita M Sussner ◽  
Guiqing Wang ◽  
John T Fallon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Guidance Document ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Care Hospital

Abstract Background Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of bacteria is becoming a routine tool within microbiology, yet its utility to help guide infection control (IC) practice longitudinally is underexplored. As with any technology adopted in the hospital, the integration of WGS into IC practice must be carefully managed and considered. We qualitatively report an evidence-based implementation workflow that considers WGS to help proactively guide IC professionals during investigation of infectious outbreaks. Methods We built upon lessons learned in an ongoing surveillance effort at a tertiary care hospital—utilizing retrospective WGS data within the Philips IntelliSpace Epidemiology system—to understand facilitators and barriers to the use of bacterial WGS longitudinally to inform IC workflow. Our team established a 9-month workgroup to study the practical aspects of implementing WGS in routine IC practice. From expert opinion collected via the workgroup, in addition to evidence from the literature, a workflow guidance document and checklist were codified. New ideas included incorporating education to promote the establishment of an IC triage process. Results Facilitators to implementation included ability to display genomic relatedness alongside relevant patient data to enable clinical actionability, ability to pivot time and resources rapidly when infections are a pseudo outbreak (false positive) or missed outbreak (false negative), opportunities for nuanced staff education, and willingness to be a first-of-kind adopter. Barriers were communication of genomic concepts to IC professionals and relevant institutional stakeholders, maintaining sharable notes of active investigations to promote data-sharing practices, and timing and review of relevant interventions into the facility workflow. Strategies to address these issues are considered. Conclusion This study provides a novel framework for adaptation of existing IC workflow strategies to leverage the utility of bacterial WGS, and it presents a schema to effectively engage relevant stakeholders, based on an analysis of the unique challenges inherent within IC practice. It also offers an innovative model for the development and implementation of IC workflows to account for, and adapt to, site-specific conditions. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Whole genome sequencing reveals extensive community-level transmission of group AStreptococcusin remote communities

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (9) ◽  
pp. 1991-1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. BOWEN ◽  
T. HARRIS ◽  
D. C. HOLT ◽  
P. M. GIFFARD ◽  
J. R. CARAPETIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Group A ◽  
Sequence Types

SUMMARYImpetigo is common in remote Indigenous children of northern Australia, with the primary driver in this context beingStreptococcus pyogenes[or group AStreptococcus(GAS)]. To reduce the high burden of impetigo, the transmission dynamics of GAS must be more clearly elucidated. We performed whole genome sequencing on 31 GAS isolates collected in a single community from children in 11 households with ⩾2 GAS-infected children. We aimed to determine whether transmission was occurring principally within households or across the community. The 31 isolates were represented by nine multilocus sequence types and isolates within each sequence type differed from one another by only 0–3 single nucleotide polymorphisms. There was evidence of extensive transmission both within households and across the community. Our findings suggest that strategies to reduce the burden of impetigo in this setting will need to extend beyond individual households, and incorporate multi-faceted, community-wide approaches.

scholarly journals Genome-Based Characterization of Emergent Invasive Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup Y Isolates in Sweden from 1995 to 2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 2154-2162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Törös ◽  
Sara T. Hedberg ◽  
Magnus Unemo ◽  
Susanne Jacobsson ◽  
Dorothea M. C. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Whole Genome

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) caused byNeisseria meningitidisserogroup Y has increased in Europe, especially in Scandinavia. In Sweden, serogroup Y is now the dominating serogroup, and in 2012, the serogroup Y disease incidence was 0.46/100,000 population. We previously showed that a strain type belonging to sequence type 23 was responsible for the increased prevalence of this serogroup in Sweden. The objective of this study was to investigate the serogroup Y emergence by whole-genome sequencing and compare the meningococcal population structure of Swedish invasive serogroup Y strains to those of other countries with different IMD incidence. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on invasive serogroup Y isolates from 1995 to 2012 in Sweden (n= 186). These isolates were compared to a collection of serogroup Y isolates from England, Wales, and Northern Ireland from 2010 to 2012 (n= 143), which had relatively low serogroup Y incidence, and two isolates obtained in 1999 in the United States, where serogroup Y remains one of the major causes of IMD. The meningococcal population structures were similar in the investigated regions; however, different strain types were prevalent in each geographic region. A number of genes known or hypothesized to have an impact on meningococcal virulence were shown to be associated with different strain types and subtypes. The reasons for the IMD increase are multifactorial and are influenced by increased virulence, host adaptive immunity, and transmission. Future genome-wide association studies are needed to reveal additional genes associated with serogroup Y meningococcal disease, and this work would benefit from a complete serogroup Y meningococcal reference genome.

scholarly journals Hospital Epidemiology of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin a Tertiary Care Hospital in Moshi, Tanzania, as Determined by Whole Genome Sequencing

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Happiness H. Kumburu ◽  
Tolbert Sonda ◽  
Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon ◽  
Marco van Zwetselaar ◽  
Oksana Lukjancenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gene Detection ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Sequence Types

Objective. To determine molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistantS. aureusin Tanzania using whole genome sequencing.Methods. DNA from 33Staphylococcusspecies was recovered from subcultured archivedStaphylococcusisolates. Whole genome sequencing was performed on Illumina Miseq using paired-end2×250 bp protocol. Raw sequence data were analyzed using online tools.Results. Full susceptibility to vancomycin and chloramphenicol was observed. Thirteen isolates (43.3%) resisted cefoxitin and other antimicrobials tested. Multilocus sequence typing revealed 13 different sequence types among the 30S. aureusisolates, with ST-8 (n= seven, 23%) being the most common. Gene detection inS.aureusstains were as follows:mecA, 10 (33.3%);pvl, 5 (16.7%);tst, 2 (6.7%). The SNP difference among the six Tanzanian ST-8 MRSA isolates ranged from 24 to 196 SNPs and from 16 to 446 SNPs when using the USA300_FPR3757 or the USA500_2395 as a reference, respectively. The mutation rate was1.38×10-11SNPs/site/year or1.4×10-6SNPs/site/year as estimated by USA300_FPR3757 or the USA500_2395, respectively.Conclusion.S. aureusisolates causing infections in hospitalized patients in Moshi are highly diverse and epidemiologically unrelated. Temporal phylogenetic analysis provided better resolution on transmission and introduction of MRSA and it may be important to include this in future routines.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document